schedule · 1918 1936 vietnam war era dh.82b queen bee ... john wiley & sons, inc., hoboken,...

Regional Training on the Use of Drones, Satellite Imagery and GIS for Agriculture

ScheduleMonday June 4, 2018

09:15 – 10:15 Introduction to UAV, Remote Sensing, and GIS

10:15 – 10:30 Tea Break

10:30 – 11:00 Drone regulations, data sharing, and data privacy

11:00 – 11:30 Break

11:30 – 12:30 Photogrammetry and Computer Vision

12:30 – 13:30 Lunch


Introduction to UAV, Remote Sensing, and GIS

Session 1: Monday June 4, 201809:15 – 10:15

Frank YrleGeoInformatics Center

Asian Institute of [email protected]


ObjectivesDay 1 Session 1

1. Become familiar with UAV

2. Understand how remote sensing is related to UAV

3. Understand the basic concepts of GIS


What is a UAV?Definitions

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) - an aircraft without a pilot onboard that has the ability to fly autonomously but can also be controlled by remote

Pajares, G. 2015. Overview and current status of remote sensing applications based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing. 81, 281-329.


What is a UAV?Definitions

Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) - UAV- ground control station- pilot- visual observer- launcher

Pajares, G. 2015. Overview and current status of remote sensing applications based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing. 81, 281-329.

small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)- a system in which the UAV weighs less than 55 lbs. (25kg)


Early Days of UAVMilitary Applications

Keane, J. & Carr, S. 2013. A brief history of early unmanned aircraft. Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest. 32, 558-571.

Kettering BugU.S. Army

1918 Vietnam War Era1936

FirebeeDH.82B Queen BeeU.S. Navy


Types of UAVChoose the right tool Rotary Wing / Multirotor

Advantages Disadvantages

VTOL Shorter battery life

Surveillance or Surveying

Multiple points of failure

Advantages Disadvantages

Longer Battery life

May need launcher device

Better for large areas

Needs open area for takeoff/landing

Fixed Wing

DJI Phantom 3 Professional

Trimble UX5Altavian Nova F7200

Trimble ZX5


Applications of UAVLand Surveying

2D Maps Terrain GIS


Applications of UAVAgriculture

Crop Monitoring

Chemical Application

Land Management

DiseasesInsectsWeed

Crop ProgressCrop Stress

Fertilizer ApplicationPesticide Application

Drainage IssuesReplanting Decisions

Yield EstimationsSoil Moisture


Applications of UAVEnvironmental Studies

Forests Coastal WildlifeForest Fire

DeforestationCoastal Erosion Animal Counting


Applications of UAVCivil Engineering

Infrastructure Inspection

Feasibility Surveys

Mining

BridgesCell Phone Towers

Power linesSolar Panels

Transportation Routes Volume Calculation


Applications of UAVHumanitarian Efforts

Disaster Mapping

Hazard Monitoring

Emergency Delivery

Emergency response coordination

Search and RescuePost disaster assessment

VolcanosGlaciersFloods

Medicine


Applications of UAVReal Estate

Construction Management

Marketing

Landscape designingSite analysis

Architectural designing


Deliverables from UAVOrthomosaic

Numerous Overlapping

Images

A photo map that has been geometrically corrected to uniform scale

• Make 2D Measurements (distance, area)• GIS integration


Deliverables from UAVDigital Surface Model

Expresseselevationdata


Deliverables from UAV3D Model

Useful for 3D measurements,Volumetric Calculations

Composed of points in 3D space


Applications of UAV at GIC

1. Mapping AIT

2. Tree Canopy Extraction

3. Construction Monitoring


Applications of UAV at GIC1. Mapping AIT

Orthomosaic



Digital Surface Model



GroundControlPoints


Applications of UAV at GIC2. Tree Canopy Extraction using DSM and Orthophoto at AIT

Camera Intrinsic and Extrinsic Parameters by Feature Matching

(Sparse Cloud)

Dense Surface Reconstruction with

Texture

Orthophoto & DSM


Applications of UAV at GIC2. Tree Canopy Extraction using DSM and Orthophoto at AIT – Classification Results


3. Construction Progress MonitoringBackground

Prarama 2

road expansion project from km 9 - km 21 of the road

Construction period – 1 year (May 2018)

Construction plan –conducted in 3 sections by 3 companies simultaneously

(each section is 4 km)


Video captured by UAV3. Construction Progress Monitoring


3. Construction Progress MonitoringTime Series Analysis


3. Construction Progress MonitoringStitching lengths of highway


Geoinformatics

Remote Sensing Photogrammetry

GeodesyGIS

GNSS

Geoinformatics

Computer Vision

Mobile Technology Structure from Motion


Remote SensingDefinition

The science and art of obtaining information about an object, area, or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object, area, or phenomenon under

investigation.

Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R., & Chipman, J. 2015. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation 7th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. pp738.


Process of Remote SensingFrom data acquisition to analysis



Interaction of Electromagnetic Energy and Earth Surface FeaturesPath of incident energy



Electromagnetic SpectrumWide range of wavelengths



Common Sources of Satellite ImageryFree of charge

MODIS

Landsat

Sentinel


Comparison of Altitudes for Remote Sensing platforms Wide range of altitudes

705 km

30+ m

8 km

12 km


Resolution for Remote Sensing4 types

Radiometric Resolution

Spectral Resolution

Spatial Resolution

Temporal resolution


Resolution for Remote SensingSpatial Resolution

Spatial resolution – How well a sensor can record spatial detail

Landsat(30m/pixel)

Quickbird-2(2.5 m/pix)


Resolution for Remote SensingSpatial Resolution

Sentinel-210m/pix

UAV4.4 cm/pix

AIT Campus


Resolution for Remote SensingTemporal Resolution

Temporal resolution – the revisit time of the image capturing medium

Ex satellite: orbital repeat cycle

Clouds

MODIS Landsat 8 Sentinel-2 UAV

1-2 days 16 days 5 daysOn

demand


Image ClassificationRS Image Analysis

Objective: Automatically categorize all pixels in an image to land cover classes or themes

Based on spectral values –similar pixels join same group


Image ClassificationUnsupervised Classification

Analyst selects a number of classes for the pixels to be classified into

Pixels are aggregated into natural spectral groupings

Analyst determines the land cover identity of the classes by comparing to the original image


Image classificationSupervised Classification

Analyst is the supervisor: select training samples of each cover type

Classification: Training samples are used to find other similar pixels from the rest of the image


Band Ratios and IndexesNormalized Difference Vegetation Index

NDVI = NIR – Red

NIR + Red

Indicator of Cholrophyll

Crop health


Reflectance CharacteristicsEx: Vegetation

Reflectance for Vegetation


Reflectance CharacteristicsEx: Vegetation


Band Ratios and IndexesNormalized Difference Vegetation Index

NDVI = NIR – Red

NIR + Red

Indicator of Cholrophyll

Crop health


GIS – Geographic Information SystemsDefinition

GIS is a set of tools that allow for the processing of spatial data into information.

(def) A geographic information system (GIS) captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that is linked to locations.

A good GIS should answer the following questions:

Location – Where is it?

Condition – What if?

Trends – What has changed since?

Relations – Which data are related?


Interpretation of Real World in GIS TermsLayers of information

Villages

Roads

Land Parcels

Land Cover

Real World

Break-down

the real world

Elevation


Data used in a GISInteraction among data

Topology

Spatial Data Features that have a known location on earth.

Attribute Data The information linked to the geographic features (spatial

data) describing them

Data Layers Are the result of combining spatial and attribute data.

Essentially adding the attribute database to the spatial

location.

Layer Types A layer type refers to the way spatial and attribute

information are connected. There are two major layer

types, vector and raster.

How geographic features are related to one another, and

where they are in relation to one another.


Spatial Data ModelsVector – 3 types

Points - simplest element

We typically represent objects in space as three

distinct spatial elements:

We use these three spatial elements to represent real

world features and attach locational information to them.

Lines (arcs) - set of connected points

Polygons - set of connected lines


VectorPolygons

Real World

Vector


RasterPolygons

Real World

Raster


A GIS in which graphic data is stored in the form of grid cells or pixels.

PIXEL (picture element)

The smallest unit in an image.

In raster based GIS systems,

attribute information can be

assigned to each pixel.

Raster Data

Pixel

Composed of pixels


Examples of Raster DataA variety of rasters

Elevation

Precipitation

Land Cover

Satelliteimagery


Applications of GIS to AgricultureRisk Management

Use info including slope, aspect, soil data, floodplain map, farm location, crop data, satellite imagery

Use all that info to create insurance rate zones (some areas have higher rates than others based on the criteria derived from the aforementioned data in the GIS).

-Use satellite data to determine if farmers are making fradulent claims on crop losses (compare imagery before / after flood event).

2. Map health of crops


End of Presentation

Thank You

Frank YrleGeoInformatics Center (AIT)

[email protected]


Please Download and Install3 Programs

On your phone / tablet: 1. Pix4D Capture

On your computer: 2. Pix4D Free Trial3. QGIS

https://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html

schedule · 1918 1936 vietnam war era dh.82b queen bee ... john wiley & sons, inc., hoboken,...

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