"school bullying: extent of legal protections for vulnerable groups needs to be more fully...

7/31/2019 "SCHOOL BULLYING: Extent of Legal Protections for Vulnerable Groups Needs to Be More Fully Assessed."

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SCENNB IVBBZJKD

Fxtfkt no BfdabPrntfctjnks onr_ubkfraibf DrnupsKffgs tn If MnrfOubby Assfssfg

Yfpnrt tn Cnkdrfssjnkab Yfqufstfrs

May 9019

DAN-19-37:

Vkjtfg Statfs Dnvfrkmfkt Accnuktaijbjty Noojcf

DAN


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3/64

Padf j DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

Bfttfr 1

Iacldrnukg 3

Yfpnrtfg Bfvfbs no Iubbyjkd akg Yfbatfg Foofcts Arf Sjdkjojcakt 6

Sfbfctfg Statf Bfdjsbaturfs akg Fgucatjnkab Adfkcjfs Arf Waljkd

_arjnus Apprnacefs tn Yfgucf Iubbyjkd 10

Ofgfrab akg Statf Cjvjb Yjdets Baws Noofr Snmf Prntfctjnks adajkst

Iubbyjkd, iut _ubkfraibf Drnups May Knt Abways If Cnvfrfg 1?

Cnnrgjkatfg Ofgfrab Aktjiubbyjkd Foonrts Arf Vkgfr Tay, iut

Assfssmfkt no Bfdab Yfmfgjfs Js Jkcnmpbftf 99

Cnkcbusjnks 9?

Yfcnmmfkgatjnks onr Fxfcutjvf Actjnk 94Adfkcy Cnmmfkts 95

Appfkgjx J Nihfctjvfs, Scnpf, akg Mftengnbndy 31

Appfkgjx JJ Cnmparjsnk no tef Gfojkjtjnk akg Mfasurfmfkt no Iubbyjkd jk Onur

Katjnkabby Yfprfsfktatjvf Survfys 3?

Appfkgjx JJJ Sfbfctfg Gata nk Katjnkab Prfvabfkcf no Znute Ten Yfpnrt IfjkdIubbjfg jk Scennb 35

Appfkgjx J_ Sfbfctfg Gata nk Katjnkab Prfvabfkcf no Cfrtajk Wypfs no Iubbyjkd

Ifeavjnrs 70

Appfkgjx _ Cnnrgjkatjnk Practjcfs no Lfy Jktfrgfpartmfktab Ofgfrab Foonrts nk

Iubbyjkd 79

Appfkgjx _J Aggjtjnkab Ofgfrab Prndrams akg Sfrvjcfs Arf Avajbaibf tn Cnmiat

Iubbyjkd 7?

Cnktfkts


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Padf jj DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

Appfkgjx _JJ Cnmmfkts ornm tef Gfpartmfkt no Fgucatjnk 75

Appfkgjx _JJJ Cnmmfkts ornm tef Gfpartmfkt no Efabte akg Eumak Sfrvjcfs 6?

Appfkgjx JU DAN Cnktacts akg Staoo Aclknwbfgdmfkts 65

Waibfs

Waibf 18 Cnvfradf no Gfmndrapejc Drnups jk Ofgfrab Survfys no

Znute 4

Waibf 98 Fxampbfs no Prnvjsjnks Cnmmnkby Yfqujrfg iy Statf

Iubbyjkd Baws 13

Waibf 38 Yfbfvakt Ofgfrab Cjvjb Yjdets Baws, Prntfctfg Cbassfs, akg

Adfkcy Fkonrcfmfkt Autenrjty 15

Waibf 78 Katjnkabby Yfprfsfktatjvf Survfys Tf Yfvjfwfg Weat Asl

ainut Znutes Ifjkd Iubbjfg, amnkd Ntefr Wnpjcs 39

Waibf 68 Sfbfctfg Aspfcts no tef Gfojkjtjnk akg Mfasurfmfkt no

Iubbyjkd jk Onur Katjnkabby Yfprfsfktatjvf Survfys 3?

Waibf ?8 Fstjmatfs no Znute Ten Yfpnrtfg Ifjkd Iubbjfg iy Sfx jk

Werff Katjnkab Survfys 35

Waibf 48 Fstjmatfs no Znute Ten Yfpnrtfg Ifjkd Iubbjfg iy

Yacf/Ftekjcjty jk Werff Katjnkab Survfys 3:

Waibf 58 KC_S SCS 900:8 Fstjmatfs no Znute Ten Yfpnrtfg Ifjkd

Iubbjfg onr Cfrtajk Wypfs no Iubbyjkd Ifeavjnrs 70

Waibf :8 EISC 9006/900?8 Fstjmatfs no Znute Ten Yfpnrtfg Ifjkd


Waibf 108 KatSCF_ 90058 Fstjmatfs no Znute Ten Yfpnrtfg Ifjkd


Waibf 118 Practjcfs onr Lfy Cnnrgjkatfg Ofgfrab Foonrts

Spfcjojcabby nk Iubbyjkd 79Waibf 198 Sfbfctfg Sfrvjcfs akg Prndrams Weat Cak If Vsfg tn

Suppnrt Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk 7?


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Padf jjj DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

Aiirfvjatjnks

AGA Amfrjcaks wjte Gjsaijbjtjfs ActCCG Cnmmnk Cnrf no GataCGC Cfktfrs onr Gjsfasf Cnktrnb akg PrfvfktjnkCYW Cjvjb Yjdets GjvjsjnkCSK Cejbgrfks Saofty KftwnrlFYJC Fgucatjnk Yfsnurcfs Jkonrmatjnk CfktfrDBSFK Day, Bfsijak akg Strajdet Fgucatjnk KftwnrlEISC Efabte Ifeavjnr jk Scennb-Adfg CejbgrfkEES Gfpartmfkt no Efabte akg Eumak SfrvjcfsEYSA Efabte Yfsnurcfs akg Sfrvjcfs AgmjkjstratjnkKatSCF_ Katjnkab Survfy no Cejbgrfks Fxpnsurf tn _jnbfkcfKCFS Katjnkab Cfktfr onr Fgucatjnk StatjstjcsKC_S Katjnkab Crjmf _jctjmjzatjnk SurvfyKJE Katjnkab Jkstjtutfs no Efabte

NCY Noojcf onr Cjvjb YjdetsNHHGP Noojcf no Huvfkjbf Hustjcf akg Gfbjkqufkcy PrfvfktjnkPIJS Pnsjtjvf Ifeavjnrab Jktfrvfktjnks akg SuppnrtsSAMESA Suistakcf Aiusf akg Mfktab Efabte Sfrvjcfs

AgmjkjstratjnkSCS Scennb Crjmf SuppbfmfktSFA statf fgucatjnkab adfkcySS/ES Saof Scennbs/Efabtey Stugfkts JkjtjatjvfZYIS Katjnkab Znute Yjsl Ifeavjnr Survfy

Wejs js a wnrl no tef V.S. dnvfrkmfkt akg js knt suihfct tn cnpyrjdet prntfctjnk jk tefVkjtfg Statfs. Wef puibjsefg prnguct may if rfprngucfg akg gjstrjiutfg jk jts fktjrftywjtenut ourtefr pfrmjssjnk ornm DAN. Enwfvfr, ifcausf tejs wnrl may cnktajkcnpyrjdetfg jmadfs nr ntefr matfrjab, pfrmjssjnk ornm tef cnpyrjdet enbgfr may ifkfcfssary jo ynu wjse tn rfprngucf tejs matfrjab sfparatfby.


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7/64

Padf 9 DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

1. Teat js lknwk ainut tef prfvabfkcf no scennb iubbyjkd akg jts foofctsnk vjctjms>

9. Teat apprnacefs arf sfbfctfg statfs akg bncab scennb gjstrjcts taljkdtn cnmiat scennb iubbyjkd>

3. Tefk iubbyjkd bfags tn abbfdatjnks no gjscrjmjkatjnk, weat bfdabnptjnks gn ofgfrab akg sfbfctfg statf dnvfrkmfkts eavf jk pbacf>

7. Enw arf lfy ofgfrab adfkcjfs cnnrgjkatjkd tefjr foonrts tn cnmiatscennb iubbyjkd>

Wn jgfktjoy weat js lknwk ainut tef prfvabfkcf no scennb iubbyjkd akg jtsfoofcts nk vjctjms, wf jktfrvjfwfg lknwbfgdfaibf ofgfrab noojcjabs,cnmparfg fstjmatfs akg mftengnbndjfs no onur katjnkabby rfprfsfktatjvfsurvfys teat capturfg jkonrmatjnk nk iubbyjkd, akg cnkguctfg a bjtfraturfrfvjfw no mfta-akabysfs nk tef suihfct no tef foofcts no iubbyjkd nkvjctjms.9

9Mfta-akabysfs arf rfvjfws teat akabyzf ntefr stugjfs akg syktefsjzf tefjr ojkgjkds,usuabby ternude quaktjtatjvf mftengs.

Wef onur survfys oncusfg prjmarjby nk mjggbf akg ejde scennb-

adfg ynutes akg wfrf cnkguctfg iy ofgfrab statjstjcab adfkcjfs ornm9006 tn 900:. Wef rfsubts no tef mfta-akabysfs arf knt dfkfrabjzaibf, iutrfprfsfkt a systfmatjc apprnace tn summarjzjkd nr akabyzjkd ojkgjkdsacrnss stugjfs jkcbugfg jk tef mfta-akabysfs. Wn gfscrjif apprnacefsteat sfbfctfg statfs akg bncab scennb gjstrjcts arf taljkd, wf rfvjfwfg

rfbfvakt statf iubbyjkd baws, rfdubatjnks, dujgakcf, akg gncumfkts ornmfjdet sfbfctfg statfs akg cnkguctfg jktfrvjfws wjte statf fgucatjnknoojcjabs. Tf sfbfctfg fjdet statfsArlaksas, Cabjonrkja, Jbbjknjs, Jnwa,Massaceusftts, Kfw Mfxjcn, _frmnkt, akg _jrdjkjaiasfg nk tefonbbnwjkd crjtfrja8 Face eas iubbyjkd baws nr rfdubatjnks, akg tefy varywjte rfspfct tn iubbyjkd gfojkjtjnks akg fkumfratjnk no prntfctfg cbassfs,

dfndrapejc varjatjnk, akg stugfkt fkrnbbmfkt. Ourtefr, wf sfbfctfg terffstatfsKfw Mfxjcn, _frmnkt, akg _jrdjkja, wejce vary nk tefcearactfrjstjcs bjstfg ainvftn rfvjfw pnbjcjfs akg dujgakcf no sjx bncabscennb gjstrjcts, twn jk face statf. Scennb gjstrjcts akg scennbs wfrfsfbfctfg tn rfobfct a rakdf no sjzf akg uriakjcjty (uriak, suiuriak, akgrurab), as wfbb as racjab akg sncjnfcnknmjc gjvfrsjty. Partjcjpatjnk jk tef

Katjnkab Scennb Bukce Prndram js usfg as a prnxy onr sncjnfcnknmjcstatus. Jk tefsf scennb gjstrjcts, wf cnkguctfg jktfrvjfws wjte cfktrabagmjkjstratnrs, prjkcjpabs, scennb staoo, akg parfkts. Wn jgfktjoy bfdab


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nptjnks teat ofgfrab akg sfbfctfg statf dnvfrkmfkts eavf jk pbacf wefkiubbyjkd bfags tn abbfdatjnks no gjscrjmjkatjnk, wf rfvjfwfg rfbfvakt

ofgfrab aktj-gjscrjmjkatjnk baws, as wfbb as statf aktj-gjscrjmjkatjnk bawsonr tef fjdet statfs jkcbugfg onr rfvjfw. Tf absn cnkguctfg jktfrvjfws wjtenoojcjabs jk tef Gfpartmfkts no Fgucatjnk (Fgucatjnk) akg Hustjcf(Hustjcf), as wfbb as wjte statf fgucatjnk akg cjvjb rjdets noojcjabs, nk aktj-gjscrjmjkatjnk baws akg cnmpbajkt prncfssfs. Bast, tn jgfktjoycnnrgjkatjnk no foonrts no lfy ofgfrab adfkcjfs tn cnmiat scennb iubbyjkd,wf cnkguctfg jktfrvjfws akg rfvjfwfg gncumfkts ornm terff ofgfrabgfpartmfkts8 Fgucatjnk, Hustjcf, akg tef Gfpartmfkt no Efabte akgEumak Sfrvjcfs (EES). Tf akabyzfg cnnrgjkatjnk no foonrts iasfg nk

nur prnofssjnkab hugdmfkt akg rfbfvakcf no sfbfctfg lfy practjcfs teatwf eavf prfvjnusby jgfktjojfg as foofctjvf cnnrgjkatjnk practjcfs.3

Tf cnkguctfg tejs pfronrmakcf augjt ornm Aprjb 9011 ternude May 9019jk accnrgakcf wjte dfkfrabby accfptfg dnvfrkmfkt augjtjkd stakgargs.Wefsf stakgargs rfqujrf teat wf pbak akg pfronrm tef augjt tn nitajksuoojcjfkt, apprnprjatf fvjgfkcf tn prnvjgf a rfasnkaibf iasjs onr nurojkgjkds akg cnkcbusjnks iasfg nk nur augjt nihfctjvfs. Tf ifbjfvf teat

tef fvjgfkcf nitajkfg prnvjgfs a rfasnkaibf iasjs onr nur ojkgjkds akgcnkcbusjnks iasfg nk nur augjt nihfctjvfs. Onr mnrf jkonrmatjnk nk nurscnpf akg mftengnbndy, sff appfkgjx J.

Abtenude gfojkjtjnks vary, jkcbugjkd gfojkjtjnks usfg iy ofgfrab adfkcjfs,

maky fxpfrts dfkfrabby adrff teat iubbyjkd jkvnbvfs jktfkt tn causf earm,rfpftjtjnk, akg ak jmiabakcf no pnwfr. Wef pjnkffrjkd rfsfarce no Gr.Gak Nbwfus jk Knrway eas gfojkfg ifjkd iubbjfg nr vjctjmjzfg as wefk astugfkt js fxpnsfg, rfpfatfgby akg nvfr tjmf, tn kfdatjvf actjnks nk tefpart no nkf nr mnrf ntefr ynutes wjte ak jktfkt tn earm.7

3DAN, Yfsubts-Nrjfktfg Dnvfrkmfkt8 Practjcfs Weat Cak Efbp Fkeakcf akg SustajkCnbbainratjnk amnkd Ofgfrab Adfkcjfs,

Kntaiby,

iubbyjkd js gjstjkct ornm dfkfrab cnkobjct nr addrfssjnk, wejce cak nccuraisfkt ak jmiabakcf no pnwfr nr rfpftjtjnk. Onr fxampbf, a sjkdbf ojdetiftwffk twn ynutes no rnudeby fquab pnwfr js a onrm no addrfssjnk, iut

may knt if iubbyjkd. Tefk iubbyjkd nccurs jt may talf maky onrms teat

cak absn if assncjatfg wjte cnkobjct nr addrfssjnk, jkcbugjkd peysjcab

DAN-0?-16 (Tasejkdtnk, G.C.8 Nct. 91, 9006).

7Gak Nbwfus, Akkntatjnk8 Iubbyjkd at Scennb8 Iasjc Oacts akg Foofcts no a Scennb IasfgJktfrvfktjnk Prndram, Hnurkab no Cejbg Psycenbndy akg Psycejatry, vnb. 36, kn. 4 (1::7).

Iacldrnukg
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-15http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-15http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-15http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-15


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earm, suce as ejttjkd, senvjkd, nr bncljkd jksjgf a scennb bnclfr< vfriabkamf cabbjkd, taukts, nr terfats< rfbatjnkab attacls, suce as sprfagjkd

rumnrs nr jsnbatjkd vjctjms ornm tefjr pffrs< akg tef usf no cnmputfrs nrcfbb penkfs tn cnkvfy earmoub wnrgs nr jmadfs, absn rfofrrfg tn ascyifriubbyjkd. Notfk iubbyjkd nccurs wjtenut apparfkt prnvncatjnk akgmay if iasfg nk tef vjctjms pfrsnkab cearactfrjstjcs. Onr fxampbf,ynute may if iubbjfg iasfg nk tef way tefy bnnl, grfss, spfal, nr act.

Wefrf arf sfvfrab ofgfrab foonrts ukgfr way tn irjkd tndftefr ofgfrabrfsnurcfs teat cak if usfg tn jgfktjoy akg aggrfss iubbyjkd. Jk partjcubar,djvfk tefjr oncus nk fgucatjnk, efabte, akg saofty jssufs, Fgucatjnk,

EES, akg Hustjcf, abnkd wjte ntefr ofgfrab adfkcjfs, eavf iffk jkvnbvfgjk foonrts tn efbp cnnrgjkatf ofgfrab rfsnurcfs tn jgfktjoy akg aggrfssiubbyjkd. Aggjtjnkabby, sfvfrab ijbbs eavf iffk jktrngucfg jk tef 119teCnkdrfss teat rfbatf tn iubbyjkd.6Amnkd tef varjnus jssufs aggrfssfg jk

tefsf ijbbs arf iubbyjkd pnbjcjfs, tef cnbbfctjnk akg rfpnrtjkd no iubbyjkdgata, akg tef prnejijtjnk no gjscrjmjkatjnk nk tef iasjs no sfxuabnrjfktatjnk nr dfkgfr jgfktjty. Snmf no tef ijbbs wnubg autenrjzf ofgfrabdrakts tn statfs akg scennb gjstrjcts onr aktjiubbyjkd-rfbatfg purpnsfs.

Abtenude tefrf js knt prfsfktby a ofgfrab baw gjrfctby tardftfg tn aggrfssscennb iubbyjkd, sfvfrab ofgfrab cjvjb rjdets baws teat prnejijt gjscrjmjkatjnkiasfg nk prntfctfg cearactfrjstjcs no jkgjvjguabs may, ukgfr cfrtajk

cjrcumstakcfs, if usfg tn aggrfss partjcubar jkcjgfkts no iubbyjkd.

?

Tjte rfspfct tn statfs foonrts tn aggrfss iubbyjkd, Fgucatjnkcnmmjssjnkfg a twn-part stugy teat fxamjkfs tef fbfmfkts no statfiubbyjkd baws akg tef makkfr jk wejce scennb gjstrjcts arf jmpbfmfktjkdtef baws. Wef ojrst part no Fgucatjnks stugy, jssufg jk Gfcfmifr 9011,jkcbugfg a rfvjfw no abb statf iubbyjkd baws akg mngfb pnbjcjfs jk foofct asno Aprjb 9011, jkcbugjkd tensf no tef fjdet statfs wf rfvjfwfg, as wfbb aspnbjcjfs ornm 90 bardf scennb gjstrjcts. Wef sfcnkg part no Fgucatjnksstugy js scefgubfg onr cnmpbftjnk gurjkd oabb 9019. Jt wjbb jkcbugf casf

6Sff, onr fxampbf, S. 60? akg E.Y. 1?75, tef Saof Scennbs Jmprnvfmfkt Act no 9011< S.670 akg E.Y. 1075, tef Wybfr Cbfmfktj Ejdefr Fgucatjnk Aktj-Earassmfkt Act no 9011< S.666 akg E.Y. ::5, tef Stugfkt Knk-Gjscrjmjkatjnk Act no 9011< S. :1:, tef Succfssoub,Saof, akg Efabtey Stugfkts Act no 9011< E.Y. 53, tef Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk akg Jktfrvfktjnk

Act no 9011< akg E.Y. :46, tef Aktj-Iubbyjkd akg Earassmfkt Act no 9011.

?Wernudenut tejs rfpnrt wf usf tef tfrms cjvjb r jdets baws akg aktj-gjscrjmjkatjnk bawsjktfrceakdfaiby.


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stugjfs no enw 97 scennbs, sfbfctfg ornm onur statfs, jmpbfmfkt tefjrstatfs iubbyjkd baws.

Ifjkd iubbjfg js a sfrjnus prnibfm, as fvjgfkcfg iy onur ofgfrabby

spnksnrfg katjnkabby rfprfsfktatjvf survfys cnkguctfg ornm 9006 tn900:. Fstjmatfs no tef katjnkab prfvabfkcf no iubbyjkd rakdfg ornmapprnxjmatfby 90 tn 95 pfrcfkt no ynute rfpnrtjkd tefy eag iffk iubbjfggurjkd tef survfy pfrjngs, wejce rakdfg ornm a cnupbf no mnktes tn ayfar.4Enwfvfr, gjoofrfkcfs jk gfojkjtjnks akg survfy mftengs malf jt

gjoojcubt tn graw gfojkjtjvf cnkcbusjnks rfdargjkd trfkgs akg aoofctfggfmndrapejc drnups. Nur akabysjs akg sjmjbar wnrl ornm EESs Cfktfrsonr Gjsfasf Cnktrnb akg Prfvfktjnk (CGC), nkf no tef spnksnrs no twn no

tef survfys, senwfg teat tef survfys vary jk tef way tefy pnsf qufstjnksainut ifjkd iubbjfg akg enw iubbyjkd js gfojkfg, jo at abb.5

Tejbf jt js cbfar teat iubbyjkd js a sfrjnus prnibfm, jt js ukcbfar ornm tefsurvfys tef fxtfkt tn wejce iubbyjkd aoofcts cfrtajk drnups no ynutesrfbatjvf tn ntefr drnups. Spfcjojcabby, tef survfys cnbbfctfg jkonrmatjnk nktef pfrcfktadf no ynutes iubbjfg iasfg nk dfkgfr akg racf. Enwfvfr, tefjkonrmatjnk senwfg varyjkd rfsubts. Onr fxampbf, tefrf was kn sjdkjojcaktgjoofrfkcf jk tef pfrcfktadf no inys akg djrbs teat rfpnrtfg ifjkd iubbjfg,

Noojcjabs at

Fgucatjnk, tef spnksnr no nkf no tef survfys, akg EES absn tnbg us teat

gjoofrfkt survfy qufstjnks akg gfojkjtjnks no iubbyjkd bfag tn gjoofrfktrfsubts jk fstjmatfs no prfvabfkcf.

4Wefsf fstjmatfs eavf a :6 pfrcfkt cnkojgfkcf jktfrvab no wjtejk pbus nr mjkus 9.1

pfrcfktadf pnjkts.5CGC noojcjabs eavf gncumfktfg tef gjoofrfkcfs jk tef onur katjnkabby rfprfsfktatjvfsurvfys, jkcbugjkd fstjmatfs no prfvabfkcf, gfojkjtjnks akg qufstjnks ainut iubbyjkd, akgntefr gjoofrfkcfs jk enw tef onur survfys mfasurf iubbyjkd. CGC, as part no a ofgfrabjktfrgfpartmfktab cnnrgjkatjkd cnmmjttff nk iubbyjkd akg jts suicnmmjttff nk rfsfarce,gfvfbnpfg ak akabysjs onr jktfrkab purpnsfs cnmparjkd tef onur survfys. Accnrgjkd tnCGC noojcjabs, tef adfkcy pbaks tn pnst rfbfvakt jkonrmatjnk iasfg nk tejs akabysjs nk jtspuibjc wfisjtf jk tef kfxt ofw mnktes. Wefy aggfg teat CGC currfktby pnsts akg upgatfssnmf prfvabfkcf jkonrmatjnk nk jts puibjc wfisjtf nk a oact sefft ainut iubbyjkd.

Yfpnrtfg Bfvfbs noIubbyjkd akg YfbatfgFoofcts ArfSjdkjojcakt

Ofgfrab Survfy Gata


11/64

Padf ? DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

accnrgjkd tn twn survfys, wejbf nkf kntfg teat djrbs wfrf iubbjfg at aejdefr pfrcfktadf. Jk twn no tef terff survfys, wejtf ynutes rfpnrtfg

ifjkd iubbjfg at a ejdefr pfrcfktadf teak Aorjcak-Amfrjcak ynutes, wejbfnkf ntefr survfy onukg kn sjdkjojcakt gjoofrfkcf.

Jk aggjtjnk, tef onur katjnkab survfys wf jgfktjojfg gjg knt cnksjstfktbycnbbfct jkonrmatjnk ainut ntefr gfmndrapejc cearactfrjstjcs, maljkd jtjmpnssjibf tn gftfrmjkf pfrcfktadfs no iubbyjkd onr tefsf drnups.:Onr

fxampbf, knkf no tef survfys cnbbfctfg gfmndrapejc jkonrmatjnk onrynutes iy sfxuab nrjfktatjnk nr dfkgfr jgfktjty.10

Yfsfarcefrs kntfg

varjnus ceabbfkdfs tn nitajkjkd suce jkonrmatjnk, suce as snmf scennbsmay knt pfrmjt qufstjnks nk sfxuab nrjfktatjnk nr dfkgfr jgfktjty status,pntfktjabby rfsubtjkd jk a sampbf teat wnubg knt if katjnkabbyrfprfsfktatjvf. Absn, qufstjnks ainut sfxuab nrjfktatjnk nr dfkgfr jgfktjtymay if sfksjtjvf onr ynute rfspnkgfkts tn cnmpbftf, akg rfsfarcefrskntfg teat suce qufstjnks may knt yjfbg accuratf jkonrmatjnk.

Aggjtjnkabby, tef survfys varjfg jk weftefr nr knt tefy cnbbfctfggfmndrapejc jkonrmatjnk tn abbnw onr akabysjs iasfg nk rfbjdjnk, gjsaijbjty,

nr sncjnfcnknmjc status, akg twn no tef survfys gjg knt jkcbugf akyqufstjnks asljkd spfcjojcabby jo ynutes eag iffk iubbjfg iasfg nk spfcjojcgfmndrapejc cearactfrjstjcs. (Sff taibf 1.)

:Wef Katjnkab Crjmf _jctjmjzatjnk Survfy, Scennb Crjmf Suppbfmfkt 900:, asls ynutesainut eatf-rfbatfg wnrgs gjrfctfg at stugfkts iasfg nk tefjr sfxuab nrjfktatjnk.

10Accnrgjkd tn a 9011 puibjcatjnk no tef Katjnkab Acagfmy no Scjfkcfs Jkstjtutf noMfgjcjkf, dfkgfr jgfktjty rfofrs tn nkfs sfksf no dfkgfr (suce as mabf nr ofmabf nrakntefr dfkgfr suce as traksdfkgfr), weftefr nr knt assncjatfg wjte a pfrsnks sfx atijrte.


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Waibf 18 Cnvfradf no Gfmndrapejc Drnups jk Ofgfrab Survfys no Znute

Katjnkab ZnuteYjsl IfeavjnrSurvfy (ZYIS)900:

Katjnkab Crjmf_jctjmjzatjnk Survfy(KC_S), Scennb CrjmfSuppbfmfkt (SCS)900:

a

Efabte Ifeavjnr jkScennb-adfgCejbgrfk (EISC)9006/900?

Katjnkab Survfy noCejbgrfksFxpnsurf tn_jnbfkcf(KatSCF_) 9005

Survfy cnbbfctfg gfmndrapejc jkonrmatjnk teat abbnws onr akabysjs tn gftfrmjkf jo gj oofrfkcfs jk iubbyjkd fxjst iftwffk gjoofrfktgfmndrapejc drnups.

Sfx yfs yfs yfs yfs

Yacf/ftekjcjty yfs yfs yfs yfs

Yfbjdjnk kn kn kn kn

Gjsaijbjty kn kn kn yfs

Sfxuab nrjfktatjnk kn kn kn kn

Dfkgfr jgfktjty kni kn kn kn

Sncjnfcnknmjc status kn yfs yfs yfs

Survfy jkcbugfg qufstjnk(s) teat spfcjojcabby asl ainut iubbyjkd iasfg nk tef onbbnwjkd gfmndrapejc cearactfrjstjcs

Sfx kn yfs yfs kn

Yacf/ftekjcjty kn yfs yfs kn

Yfbjdjnk kn yfs yfs kn

Gjsaijbjty kn yfs kn kn

Sfxuab nrjfktatjnk kn yfs kn kn

Dfkgfr jgfktjty kn kn kn kn

Sncjnfcnknmjc status kn kn kn kn

Snurcf8 DAN akabysjs no survfys.

Kntf8 Sff appfkgjxfs J ternude J_ onr mnrf jkonrmatjnk nk tef onur survfys.

aJkcbugfs eatf-rfbatfg spffce as onrm no iubbyjkd.

iWef ZYIS jkcbugfs nptjnkab qufstjnks ainut gjsaijbjty, sfxuab jgfktjty, akg sfxuab cnktacts teat statf

akg scennb gjstrjcts may cennsf tn usf.

Tejbf ofgfrab adfkcjfs eavf knt cnbbfctfg jkonrmatjnk nk snmfgfmndrapejc drnups, ntefr rfsfarcefrs eavf attfmptfg tn ojbb tef vnjg.

Onr fxampbf, tef Day, Bfsijak akg Strajdet Fgucatjnk Kftwnrl (DBSFK)cnkguctfg a survfy jk tef 9005-900: scennb yfar akg rfcfjvfgrfspnksfs ornm mnrf teak 4,000 stugfkts iftwffk tef adfs no 13 akg 91


13/64


wen sfbo-rfpnrtfg as knt eftfrnsfxuab.11Abtenude knt katjnkabby

rfprfsfktatjvf, tef rfsubts onukg, amnkd ntefr tejkds, teat 56 pfrcfkt nostugfkts wen rfspnkgfg tn tef survfy sajg tefy wfrf cabbfg kamfs nrterfatfkfg at snmf pnjkt jk tef past scennb yfar iasfg nk tefjr sfxuab

nrjfktatjnk, akg ?7 pfrcfkt iasfg nk tefjr dfkgfr fxprfssjnk< onrfxampbf, onr knt actjkd mascubjkf fknude nr ofmjkjkf fknude.19Onrty

pfrcfkt no stugfkts wen rfspnkgfg sajg tefy wfrf pusefg nr senvfgiasfg nk tefjr sfxuab nrjfktatjnk, akg 94 pfrcfkt iasfg nk tefjr dfkgfrfxprfssjnk.13

Jk aggjtjnk tn tef oact teat tefrf arf vnjgs jk jkonrmatjnk ainut

gfmndrapejc drnups, Fgucatjnk akg EES noojcjabs sajg teat rfsfarcefrskffg a ukjonrm gfojkjtjnk tn mfasurf iubbyjkd. Wn ifttfr ukgfrstakg tefprfvabfkcf no iubbyjkd, akg djvfk tef gjoofrfkt gfojkjtjnks usfg iy iubbyjkdrfsfarce jkstrumfkts, CGC js bfagjkd ak jktfrgfpartmfktab prnhfct tngfvfbnp a ukjonrm gfojkjtjnk no iubbyjkd onr rfsfarce purpnsfs. Accnrgjkdtn CGC noojcjabs, a rfpnrt js fxpfctfg tn if jssufg jk 9019 teat cnktajks a

ukjonrm gfojkjtjnk abnkd wjte jkonrmatjnk nk ntefr gata fbfmfkts tnmfasurf iubbyjkd, suce as tef orfqufkcy nr typfs no iubbyjkd ifeavjnr.

Accnrgjkd tn CGC, tef prnhfct nk tef ukjonrm gfojkjtjnk js stjbb ukgfrrfvjfw, iut may cnktajk gata fbfmfkts onr a kumifr no gfmndrapejccearactfrjstjcs, jkcbugjkd sfx, racf, ftekjcjty, gjsaijbjty status, rfbjdjnk,

akg sfxuab nrjfktatjnk.

Yfsfarce, spakkjkd mnrf teak a gfcagf, eas gfmnkstratfg teat iubbyjkdjs assncjatfg wjte a varjfty no kfdatjvf nutcnmfs onr vjctjms, jkcbugjkdpsycenbndjcab, peysjcab, acagfmjc, akg ifeavjnrab jssufs.17

11DBSFK usfg twn apprnacefs tn jkvjtf bfsijak, day, ijsfxuab, akg traksdfkgfr (BDIW)stugfkts tn partjcjpatf jk tef survfy8 nutrface ternude cnmmukjty-iasfg drnups sfrvjkdBDIW ynute akg nutrface vja tef Jktfrkft.

Onr fxampbf,

19Accnrgjkd tn akntefr puibjcatjnk iy DBSFK, dfkgfr fxprfssjnk rfofrs tn enw nkf

appfars akg acts, wejce arf sncjabby gfojkfg as mascubjkf nr ofmjkjkf.

13Hnsfpe D. Lnscjw ft ab., Wef 900: Katjnkab Scennb Cbjmatf Survfy8 Wef Fxpfrjfkcfs nBfsijak, Day, Ijsfxuab akg Wraksdfkgfr Znute jk Nur Katjnks Scennbs. Day, Bfsijakakg Strajdet Fgucatjnk Kftwnrl8 9010. Avajbaibf atettp8//www.dbsfk.nrd/cdj-ijk/jnwa/abb/bjirary/rfcnrg/9?97.etmb>statf=rfsfarce&typf=rfsfarce,bast accfssfg May99, 9019.

17Snmf no tef mfta-akabysfs may rfofr tn pffr vjctjmjzatjnk. Accnrgjkd tn Fgucatjnk akgEES noojcjabs, pffr vjctjmjzatjnk eas suistaktjab nvfrbap wjte iubbyjkd.

Kfdatjvf Nutcnmfs ornmIubbyjkd
http://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=researchhttp://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=researchhttp://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=researchhttp://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=researchhttp://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=researchhttp://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/library/record/2624.html?state=research&type=research


14/64

Padf : DAN-19-37: Iubbyjkd Prfvfktjnk

a 9000 akabysjs no 93 iubbyjkd rfsfarce stugjfs onukg teat ynute wenwfrf iubbjfg fxpfrjfkcfg ejdefr bfvfbs no gfprfssjnk, bnkfbjkfss, bnw sfbo-fstffm, akg akxjfty teak tefjr pffrs wen eag knt iffk iubbjfg.16

Sjmjbarby, a 9010 akabysjs no 15 rfsfarce stugjfs onukg teat ifjkd iubbjfgwas bjklfg tn jkcrfasfg psycenbndjcab jssufs batfr jk bjof.1?A tejrg

akabysjs, no 90 stugjfs, puibjsefg jk 9011, onukg teat ifjkd iubbjfg wasassncjatfg wjte drfatfr bjlfbjenng no ifjkd gfprfssfg batfr jk bjof.14

A 900: akabysjs no 11 rfsfarce stugjfs onukg teat iubbyjkd vjctjms eag aejdefr rjsl onr suce peysjcab efabte nutcnmfs as efagacefs, iaclacefs,sbffpjkd prnibfms, akg iag appftjtf, as cnmparfg wjte tefjr pffrs weneag knt iffk iubbjfg.

15Aggjtjnkabby, a 9010 akabysjs no 33 rfsfarce

stugjfs nk iubbyjkd akg acagfmjc acejfvfmfkt onukg teat iubbyjkd jsrfbatfg tn cnkcurrfkt acagfmjc gjoojcubtjfs onr vjctjms. Acagfmjcacejfvfmfkt was assfssfg iasfg nk suce mfasurfs as dragf pnjktavfradfs, stakgargjzfg tfst scnrfs, nr tfacefr ratjkds no acagfmjcacejfvfmfkt.1:Yfsfarcefrs eavf absn bjklfg iubbyjkd tn jkcrfasfs jk

ifeavjnrab prnibfms onr vjctjms nvfr tjmf, suce as addrfssjnk,gfbjkqufkcy, akg truakcy.90

16Gavjg S. H. Eawlfr akg Mjceafb H. Inubtnk, Wwfkty Zfars Yfsfarce nk Pffr_jctjmjzatjnk akg Psycensncjab Mabaghustmfkt8 A Mfta-akabytjc Yfvjfw no Crnss-sfctjnkabStugjfs. Hnurkab no Cejbg Psycenbndy akg Psycejatry, vnb. 71, kn. 7 (9000).

1?Abifrt Yfjhkthfs ft ab., Pffr _jctjmjzatjnk akg Jktfrkabjzjkd Prnibfms jk Cejbgrfk8 AMfta-akabysjs no Bnkdjtugjkab Stugjfs. Jktfrkatjnkab Hnurkab no Cejbg Aiusf & Kfdbfct,vnb. 37 (9010).

14Marja M. Wtnoj ft ab., Gn tef _jctjms no Scennb Iubbjfs Wfkg tn Ifcnmf Gfprfssfg Batfrjk Bjof> A Systfmatjc Yfvjfw akg Mfta-akabysjs no Bnkdjtugjkab Stugjfs. Hnurkab no

Addrfssjnk, Cnkobjct akg Pfacf Yfsfarce, vnb. 3, kn. 9 (9011).

15Djakbuca Djkj akg Wjzjaka Pnzznbj, Assncjatjnk Iftwffk Iubbyjkd akg PsycensnmatjcPrnibfms8 A Mfta-akabysjs, Pfgjatrjcs, vnb. 193, kn. 3 (900:).

1:Hnkateak Kalamntn akg Gavjg Scewartz, Js Pffr _jctjmjzatjnk Assncjatfg wjteAcagfmjc Acejfvfmfkt> A Mfta-akabytjc Yfvjfw. Sncjab Gfvfbnpmfkt, vnb. 1:, kn. 9(9010).

90Abifrt Yfjhkthfs ft ab., Prnspfctjvf Bjkladfs Iftwffk Pffr _jctjmjzatjnk akgFxtfrkabjzjkd Prnibfms jk Cejbgrfk8 A Mfta-akabysjs,Addrfssjvf Ifeavjnr, vnb. 34, kn. 3(9011). Accnrgjkd tn tef autenrs, \p]ffr vjctjmjzatjnk cak talf varjnus onrms, jkcbugjkdtfasjkd, gfbjifratf fxcbusjnk, ifjkd tef tardft no mabjcjnus dnssjp, akg fxpfrjfkcjkdpeysjcab terfats nr vjnbfkcf.


15/64


Tejbf rfsfarcefrs pnjkt nut teat tef causfs no sujcjgf akg vjnbfkcf arfvarjfg akg cnmpbfx, iubbyjkd eas iffk jgfktjojfg as nkf rjsl oactnr

assncjatfg wjte vjnbfkt actjnks adajkst nkfsfbo akg ntefrs. Onr fxampbf,nkf 9011 akabysjs no 15 stugjfs onukg teat day, bfsijak, akg ijsfxuabynute wfrf mnrf bjlfby tn if vfriabby earassfg akg tfasfg nr peysjcabbyakg sfxuabby vjctjmjzfg teak eftfrnsfxuab ynute, akg mnrf bjlfby tnfxpfrjfkcf gftrjmfktab nutcnmfs, suce as sujcjgab tenudets akgattfmpts.91Accnrgjkd tn a ofgfrabby spnksnrfg wfisjtf nk iubbyjkd,

spfcjojc drnups eavf ak jkcrfasfg rjsl no sujcjgf, jkcbugjkd AmfrjcakJkgjak akg Abaslak Katjvf, Asjak-Amfrjcak, bfsijak, day, ijsfxuab, akg

traksdfkgfr ynutes. Wefjr rjsl no sujcjgf cak if jkcrfasfg ourtefr iy

iubbyjkd. Iubbyjkd eas absn iffk bjklfg tn acts no vjnbfkcf adajkst ntefrs.Onr fxampbf, a 9009 stugy iy Fgucatjnk akg tef Sfcrft Sfrvjcf rfvjfwfg34 jkcjgfkts no scennb attacls akg senntjkds nccurrjkd iftwffk 1:47 akgtef fkg no tef 9000 scennb yfar, akg rfpnrtfg nut 10 lfy ojkgjkds teatcnubg if usfg tn gfvfbnp stratfdjfs tn aggrfss tardftfg scennb vjnbfkcf.

Nkf no tensf 10 ojkgjkds was teat kfarby terff-quartfrs no attaclfrs wfrfiubbjfg, pfrsfcutfg, nr jkhurfg iy ntefrs prjnr tn tef attacl, akg teat jksfvfrab casfs tef iubbyjkd was sfvfrf akg bnkd-stakgjkd.99

Accnrgjkd tn Fgucatjnk, 7: statfs eag scennb iubbyjkd baws as no Aprjb9019, jkcbugjkd tef 5 statfs teat wf rfvjfwfg. Wefsf 5 statfs baws vary

91Abjcja B. Ofgfwa akg Snyfnk Aek, Wef Foofcts no Iubbyjkd akg Pffr _jctjmjzatjnk nkSfxuab-Mjknrjty akg Eftfrnsfxuab Znutes8 A Quaktjtatjvf Mfta-Akabysjs no tef Bjtfraturf,Hnurkab no DBIW Oamjby Stugjfs, vnb. 4, kn. 7 (9011).

99Vkjtfg Statfs Sfcrft Sfrvjcf akg Vkjtfg Statfs Gfpartmfkt no Fgucatjnk, Wef OjkabYfpnrt akg Ojkgjkds no tef Saof Scennb Jkjtjatjvf8 Jmpbjcatjnks onr tef Prfvfktjnk no Scenn

Attacls jk tef Vkjtfg Statfs (Tasejkdtnk, G.C.8 May 9009).

Sfbfctfg Statf

Bfdjsbaturfs akgFgucatjnkab AdfkcjfsArf Waljkd _arjnusApprnacefs tnYfgucf Iubbyjkd

Statf Baws _ary jk EnwWefy Aggrfss Iubbyjkd


16/64


17/64


Tf absn onukg teat statf baws jmpnsf varjnus rfqujrfmfkts nk SFAs. Onrfxampbf, baws jk Cabjonrkja, Massaceusftts, _frmnkt, akg _jrdjkja rfqujrf

teat SFAs gfvfbnp mngfb iubbyjkd pnbjcjfs as a rfsnurcf onr scennbgjstrjcts.9?Absn, wf onukg teat wejbf SFAs jk Arlaksas, Cabjonrkja, akg

Jbbjknjs arf rfqujrfg iy baw tn rfvjfw nr mnkjtnr scennb gjstrjcts iubbyjkdpnbjcjfs, tef apprnace talfk tn gn sn js gjoofrfkt ornm statf tn statf.94

Jk face no tef statfs wf rfvjfwfg, tef baws rfqujrf scennb gjstrjcts tnagnpt iubbyjkd pnbjcjfs nr pbaks, iut tef statfs gjoofrfg jk tef spfcjojcrfqujrfmfkts no weat must if jkcbugfg jk tefsf pnbjcjfs nr pbaks.

Onr

fxampbf, noojcjabs jk Arlaksas rfpnrtfg teat as part no a irnagfr foonrt tnfksurf teat scennb gjstrjcts pnbjcjfs abjdk wjte ofgfrab akg statf baws, tefycnkguct nk-sjtf rfvjfws fvfry 7 yfars, akg rfqujrf scennb gjstrjcts tn

onrwarg jkonrmatjnk tn tef Gfpartmfkt no Fgucatjnk onr rfvjfw fvfry yfar,jkcbugjkd jkonrmatjnk ainut gjscjpbjkf akg iubbyjkd pnbjcjfs. Cnkvfrsfby,ak Jbbjknjs noojcjab rfpnrtfg teat bjttbf mfakjkdoub nvfrsjdet js nccurrjkd, jkpart ifcausf no rfsnurcf cnkstrajkts.

95

Onr

fxampbf, no tef 5 statfs baws wf rfvjfwfg, ? statfs rfqujrf scennbgjstrjcts tn sft onrte a prncfss onr rfcfjvjkd akg jkvfstjdatjkd cnmpbajkts,akg 9 gn knt. Sjmjbarby, wf onukg teat ? statfs baws rfqujrf gjstrjctpnbjcjfs tn jgfktjoy tef cnksfqufkcfs onr iubbjfs, wejbf 9 gn knt. Waibf 9prnvjgfs jkonrmatjnk ainut cnmmnkby rfqujrfg scennb gjstrjct prnvjsjnks

jk statf iubbyjkd baws.

9?Mngfb pnbjcjfs may if usfg iy bncab scennb gjstrjcts as a dujgf jk gfvfbnpjkd tefjrpnbjcjfs, akg may jkcbugf prncfgurfs onr rfpnrtjkd akg jkvfstjdatjkd iubbyjkd ifeavjnr.

Tejbf knt rfqujrfg tn gn sn iy baw, SFAs jk Jnwa akg Kfw Mfxjcn absn malf mngfbiubbyjkd pnbjcjfs avajbaibf tn scennb gjstrjcts.

94Massaceusftts akg _frmnkt noojcjabs rfpnrtfg teat tefy absn rfvjfw gjstrjct pnbjcjfs,abtenude knt rfqujrfg iy baw tn gn sn. Jnwa noojcjabs rfvjfw gjstrjct pnbjcjfs as part no tefstatfs scennb accrfgjtatjnk prncfss. Kfw Mfxjcn noojcjabs cefclfg tn fksurf teat scennbgjstrjcts eag pnbjcjfs.

95Mnrf irnagby, Fgucatjnks rfvjfw no statf iubbyjkd baws onukg teat 3: statfs rfqujrfscennb gjstrjcts pnbjcjfs tn cnktajk cbfar prnejijtjnks adajkst iubbyjkd.


18/64


Waibf 98 Fxampbfs no Prnvjsjnks Cnmmnkby Yfqujrfg iy Statf Iubbyjkd Baws

Kntjojcatjnk nopnbjcy tn

parfkts akgynutes

Cnksfqufkcfs onrfkdadjkd jk iubbyjkd

ifeavjnr must ifartjcubatfg

Yfqujrf teat scennbfmpbnyffs rfpnrt

jkcjgfkts nr teat scennbseavf rfpnrtjkd prncfgurfs

Prncfss onrrfcfjvjkd akgjkvfstjdatjkdcnmpbajkts

Cnmpbajkakt wjbbif prntfctfg ornm

rftabjatjnk nrrfprjsab

Arlaksas Ua U U U U

Cabjonrkja U U U

Jbbjknjs U U

Jnwa U U U U U

Massaceusftts U U U U U

Kfw Mfxjcn U U U U U

_frmnkt U U U U U

_jrdjkja U U

Snurcf8 DAN rfvjfw no rfbfvakt statf iubbyjkd baws akg rfdubatjnks onr tef 5 statfs jkcbugfg jk nur rfvjfw.

aScennb gjstrjct pnbjcjfs must rfqujrf kntjcf no weat cnkstjtutfs iubbyjkd, teat iubbyjkd js prnejijtfg, akg

tef cnksfqufkcfs no iubbyjkd if prnvjgfg. Arl. Cngf Akk. ?-15-617(f)(9)(D).

Statfs arf absn maljkd ceakdfs tn tefjr iubbyjkd baws, as fvjgfkcfg iy 7no nur 5 sfbfctfg statfs amfkgjkd nr fkactjkd iubbyjkd baws sjkcf wfifdak nur stugy jk tef sprjkd no 9011.9:

Onr fxampbf, Arlaksas, amnkd

ntefr tejkds, amfkgfg jts baw tn jkcbugf prntfctfg cbassfs iasfg nk

actuab nr pfrcfjvfg cearactfrjstjcs. _frmnkt amfkgfg jts baw tn jkcbugfprntfctjnks adajkst cyifriubbyjkd akg jkcjgfkts teat gn knt nccur gurjkdtef scennb gay nk scennb prnpfrty, nr at scennb-spnksnrfg fvfkts.

Wef sjx scennb gjstrjcts wf rfvjfwfg jk Kfw Mfxjcn, _jrdjkja, akg_frmnkt eavf abb agnptfg pnbjcjfs, pbaks, nr rubfs, akg jmpbfmfktfg arakdf no apprnacefs, tn cnmiat iubbyjkd. Amnkd ntefr cnmpnkfkts no tefiubbyjkd pnbjcjfs akg rubfs, face prnejijts iubbyjkd akg gfscrjifs pntfktjabcnksfqufkcfs onr tef ifeavjnr. Absn, tef scennb gjstrjcts jk Kfw Mfxjcn

akg _frmnkt gfvfbnpfg pnbjcjfs akg prncfgurfs cnvfrjkd tef rfpnrtjkdakg jkvfstjdatjnk no iubbyjkd ifeavjnr.

Scennb gjstrjct noojcjabs fxpbajkfg teat tefy eavf gfvfbnpfg sfvfrabapprnacefs tn prfvfkt akg rfspnkg tn iubbyjkd. Onr fxampbf, jk ojvf no tefsjx scennb gjstrjcts wf vjsjtfg, cfktrab agmjkjstratnrs nr prjkcjpabs sajg

9:Wefsf statfs arf Arlaksas, Cabjonrkja, Kfw Mfxjcn, akg _frmnkt.

Sfbfctfg Scennb GjstrjctsAktjiubbyjkd Pnbjcjfs akgPrndrams


19/64


tefy cnkguct stugfkt survfys teat jkcbugf qufstjnks ainut iubbyjkd tngftfrmjkf tef prfvabfkcf no tef ifeavjnr, akg twn agmjkjstratnrs sajg tef

survfys arf usfg tn gfvfbnp stratfdjfs tn aggrfss tef ifeavjnr. Absn,noojcjabs ornm onur no tef sjx scennb gjstrjcts sajg teat sfvfrab nr abb no tefjrscennbs utjbjzf tef prfvfktjnk-nrjfktfg oramfwnrl Pnsjtjvf IfeavjnrabJktfrvfktjnks akg Suppnrts (PIJS) tn jmprnvf nvfrabb ifeavjnr jk scennbs(sff tfxt inx).30

Aggjtjnkabby, sfvfrab scennb gjstrjcts akg scennbs usf

currjcuba teat efbp ynutes gfvfbnp jktfrpfrsnkab sljbbs akg makadf tefjrfmntjnks, suce as Sfcnkg Stfp, a cbassrnnm-iasfg sncjab sljbbs prndramonr ynutes 7 tn 17 yfars no adf, akg Stfps tn Yfspfct, a iubbyjkd

prfvfktjnk prndram gfvfbnpfg onr dragfs terff ternude sjx. Sfvfrab

cfktrab agmjkjstratnrs akg prjkcjpabs mfktjnkfg teat aktjiubbyjkd-oncusfgfvfkts eavf iffk efbg at tefjr scennbs, suce as Yacefbs Ceabbfkdf akgYyaks Stnry. Yacefbs Ceabbfkdf js a prndram teat sffls tn crfatf apnsjtjvf cubturf ceakdf jk scennbs akg cnmmukjtjfs akg ifdjks wjtevjgfn/augjn onntadf no Yacefb Scntt, tef ojrst pfrsnk ljbbfg gurjkd tef

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"school bullying: extent of legal protections for vulnerable groups needs to be more fully...

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