School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Personalised On-the-Job Reflective Mobile Learning in Fire and Rescue Services

Wichai Eamsinvattana Supervisors

Dr.Vania Dimitrova (School of Computing)Dr.David Allen (Business School)

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Presentation Plan

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services

–Challenges and Current Practices

• Research goal and questions• PORML Framework• Background

–Theories & Technologies

• Expected Contributions

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

M-learning: The acquisition of any knowledge and skills through using mobile technology, anywhere, anytime, that results in an alteration in behaviour (Geddes, 2004)

Main Challenge: Need for creative scenarios and applications to integrate m-learning in everyday work practices and tasks.

(Frohberg, 2006)

Characteristics of effective m-learning:–knowledge access directly linked to the current user activities –educational material collected or available on the field–learning experiences placed in the current user context

(Trifonova, 2003)

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

Mobile Learning Challenges

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Disconnected from the real context

–Simulated environment–Off-site–Not very effective

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

Training at Fire and Rescue Service

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Conditions rapidly change

Various aspects (e.g. road traffic, lethal chemicals, people in danger)

Previous experience is imprtant

Crew commander’s risk assessment is crucial

Many crew commanders are inexperienced (from M. Casten from Norfolk FRS)

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

What Happens in Reality

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Mobile technology to support decision making at FRS

Aimed at decision makingbut learning is not considered

Virtual reality to support reflective learning

Learning by reflecting on FRS activities but disconnected from the real environment

No research has been conducted to use mobile technologies for reflective on-the-job learning.

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

Existing Approaches

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Goal: Design personalised mobile learning environments to support reflective on-the-job learning in FRS:

–Users: Crew Commanders–Skills: Risk Assessment

Research questions:–How to model the user and context considering on-the-job activities of FRS crew commanders, semantic location-based information, and user’s experiences?

– How can these models be used to promote reflection on the risk assessment skills after an incident has finished, by taking into account the current activity and adapting to a crew commander’s experience and skills?

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

Research Goal and Questions

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Types of RiskAssessment (RA)

taskAnd

General description of

each task

Available Learning

Materials to help the user brush-up

their risk assessment skills

Personal Information andDescriptions of Past activities theUser has been involved in

Database 2

Database 3 Database 4

Semantic description of location data

Database 1

Using Ordinance Survey Master Map + Ontology of places

Location

SYSTEM

Firefighters

Incident Site

User Profiles

Crew Commander

Incident Commander

Assess Risk involvedWith the incident

1

Take decisionOn the basis of their

assessment

2

2IncidentCommander

Post Action

3

3Run Risk Assessment

Application

Reflection

Reflective ScriptsExample:Q: What type of RA task did you have to do?A: RA task (Chosen from a list)Q: What are the main characteristics of the task?

5

InputLocation and

Semantic Map

6

Input for the System

46

3 7LearningObjects

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

PORML Framework

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Activity Theory (Engestrom, Kofod-Petersen): to define what context aspects are related to the current user activity

Conversational Theory(Pask, Taylor): To organise the interaction between the learner and technology

Reflection-on-action Model (Shon, Dewey): To decide what reflective questions can be asked and how

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

Underpinning Theories

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Semantic Description of Location Data

<osgb:CartographicText fid="osgb1000001401108130"> <osgb:featureCode>10026</osgb:featureCode> <osgb:version>3</osgb:version> <osgb:versionDate>2004-01-31</osgb:versionDate> <osgb:theme>Buildings</osgb:theme> <osgb:anchorPoint> <gml:Point srsName="osgb:BNG"> <gml:coordinates>429329.96,434721.33</gml:coordinates> </gml:Point> </osgb:anchorPoint> <osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:changeDate>1997-06-24</osgb:changeDate> <osgb:reasonForChange>TextChange</osgb:reasonForChange> </osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:changeDate>2003-12-19</osgb:changeDate> <osgb:reasonForChange>Reclassified</osgb:reasonForChange> </osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:changeDate>2004-01-13</osgb:changeDate> <osgb:reasonForChange>Reclassified</osgb:reasonForChange> </osgb:changeHistory> <osgb:descriptiveGroup>Buildings Or Structure</osgb:descriptiveGroup> <osgb:make>Manmade</osgb:make> <osgb:physicalLevel>50</osgb:physicalLevel> <osgb:textRendering> <osgb:anchorPosition>0</osgb:anchorPosition> <osgb:font>1</osgb:font> <osgb:height>4</osgb:height> <osgb:orientation>0</osgb:orientation> </osgb:textRendering> <osgb:textString>University Of Leeds</osgb:textString> </osgb:CartographicText>

GML File - Semantic

OS Master Map from DigiMap

Image Map

Place - University of Leeds

Create

Coordinate (x,y)For User

GPS Receiver

Coordinate

Ontology:

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• PORML Framework• Background• Expected Contributions

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

A novel framework for personalised mobile learning to support FRS risk assessment training by integrating on-the-job activities, location-based information, and user’s experiences.

A prototype of a mobile application which uses custom built services from the framework in an illustrative FRS scenario.

• Mobile Learning at Fire and Rescue Services• Research Goal and Questions• Background• PORML Framework• Expected Contributions

Expected Contributions

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

School of ComputingFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Questions & AnswersThank you!