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77thth Grade Final Exam Grade Final Exam

Part 1: Scientific Method

Directions: Write the letter of the correct definition next to each vocabulary word.

1. ____ hypothesis A. a tool used to measure mass

2. ____ procedure B. set of steps a scientist follows in an investigation

3. ____ observations C. equipment used to magnify and observe small things

4. ____ inferences D. unit of volume

5. ____ data E. what you see, feel, hear, touch, smell, or taste

6. ____ conclusions F. a chart used to organize data you collect

7. ____ microscope G. equipment used to measure volumes

8. ____ triple beam balance H. an educated guess; a prediction

9. ____ ruler I. any information collected during an investigation

10. ____ graduated cylinder J. Graph good for organizing data by category

11. ____ liters K. results; discussion of findings and explanation

12. ____ kilograms L. equipment used to see far-off celestial (space) bodies

13. ____ meters M. a decision based on observations and reasoning

14. ____ telescope N. tool used to make linear (length, width) measurements

15. ____ variable O. unit of mass

16. ____ control P. a graph good for showing proportions or percentages

17. ____ lie graph R. what the scientist changes in an investigation

18. ____ bar graph S. unit of length

19. ____ pie chart/circle graph T. the condition that is not changed and is compared

20. ____ data table with the variable

U. a tool used to measure density

V. Graph good for showing the relationship between variables such as distance traveled over time

Read each question and answer in the space provided.

21. What is the mass shown here on the triple beam balance. Don’t forget to write the unit that mass is measured in.

22. Measure the volume of water before and after an object is added to a graduated cylinder. Use these measurements to determine the volume of the object.

a. Volume before: ____________

b. Volume after: ____________

c. Volume of object: ____________

23. Use the data table below to make a line graph. Make sure to give your graph a title, labels for the axes, and units.

100 200 300

10 20 30 40 50 60 70

1 2 3 4

6

5

4

3

2

1

6

5

4

3

2

1

Day Height of Plant (cm)

1 0

2 2

3 3

4 5

For questions 24-26, use the graph below to answer the questions.

24. How far did the car go in 2 hours?

25. How far would the graph go if it traveled 6 hours?

26. Make a data table for this graph. Include a label for each column and the appropriate units for data.

Distance Traveled by Car Over Time

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Time (hr)

Dis

tan

ce (

km)

Series1

Ms. March heard that a new toothpaste makes your teeth whiter. She wants to know if that is true, so she buys the new toothpaste to try it. Help Ms. March design an

experiment to find out if the toothpaste is as amazing as the television commercial suggests.

Ms. March’s question: What is the affect of the new toothpaste on the color of teeth?

Ms. March’s hypothesis: I think that the new toothpaste will make teeth whiter than the old toothpaste does.

Design a procedure that Ms. March can follow to test the toothpaste.

27. Procedure: ___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

28. What is the control?________________________________________________________

29. What is the variable? _______________________________________________________

30. What data needs to be collected to answer the question? _________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

31. Imagine that another scientist performed an experiment to test the very same question. She tested each toothpaste on 100 people and found no difference between the color of their teeth. How might this observation change Ms. March’s hypothesis?

I.S. 528 Name:

Class: Date:

Part 2: Sun, Moon, Earth System

Directions: Read each question and then circle the correct answer.

1. The size of our sun is:

a. Bigger than most stars

b. Smaller than most stars

c. Average compared to other stars

2. Our sun is:

a. Ten times bigger than Earth

b. A hundred times bigger than Earth

c. A thousand times bigger than Earth

d. A million times bigger than Earth

3. Stars in the night sky appear like tiny points of light because:

a. They are really, really small

b. They are so far away

c. They are dim

4. Earth’s orbit is:

a. Nearly circular

b. Rectangular

c. A triangle

d. A long line

5. The force that keeps planets in orbit around the sun is:

a. Friction

b. Magnetism

c. Gravity

d. Buoyancy

6. Which of the following were not based on celestial observations?

a. Longitude

b. Latitude

c. Topographical maps

d. Calendars

7. We see the moon lit up because:

a. The moon makes its own light

b. Light from our sun is reflected by the moon

c. Light from Earth is reflected by the moon

d. A bunch of aliens are using flashlights

8. How can scientists forecast comets, eclipses, and other phenomena?

a. Scientists are really lucky

b. The motion of objects in space is predictable

c. They use weather maps

9. What causes the length of a day on Earth?

a. Earth’s rotation on its axis

b. Earth’s revolution around the sun

c. The orbit of the moon around Earth

10. What causes the length of a year on Earth?

a. Earth’s rotation on its axis

b. Earth’s revolution around the sun

c. The moon’s orbit around Earth

11. How long does it take the Earth to make one revolution around the sun?

a. One day

b. One week

c. One month

d. One year

12. The shape of Earth, the other planets, and stars is:

a. Nearly spherical

b. Nearly rectangular

c. Nearly triangular

d. A polygon

13. Which of the following is NOT a major source of energy on Earth?

a. The sun

b. Geothermal activity

c. The moon

d. Nuclear energy

Directions: Read each question and answer it in complete sentences.

14. Look at the diagram to the right.

a. What phase of the moon do we see

when the moon is in that position?

b. Why?

c. How much time will pass before it is in that position again?

15. What causes seasons on Earth? Please include a diagram/picture to illustrate your explanation.

Sunlight

EarthMoon

IS 528 Name: _____________________________

Class: __________ Date: ______________________________

Part 3: Weather

1. Which of the following describes a group of short-term conditions in the atmosphere over a certain area?

a. Climate

b. Weather

c. Temperature

d. Humidity

2. The cause of weather is:

a. Gravity

b. The moon

c. Nitrogen in the atmosphere

d. Uneven heating of Earth’s surface

3. Characteristic trends in weather from season to season is:

a. Climate

b. Weather

c. Temperature

d. Precipitation

4. When air masses remain over land or water, they pick up all of the following characteristics of the surface except :

a. Temperature

b. Humidity

c. Wind

5. Weather conditions at a given location are characterized by all of the following except:

a. Elevation

b. Humidity

c. Temperature

d. Air pressure

6. Most local weather conditions are formed by:

a. Air standing still

b. The movement of air masses

c. latitude

d. longitude

7. The boundaries between air masses are called:

a. Climate zones

b. Precipitation

c. Clouds

d. fronts

Part 2: Read each question and circle the correct answer out of the two choices provided.

8. Cloudy, stormy weather is generally associated with ( high / low ) pressure.

9. The movement of high and low pressure systems is from ( west to east / east to west).

10. As altitude increases, pressure ( increases / decreases ).

11. The thin layer of air surround Earth is called the ( atmosphere / hydrosphere ).

12. The most gas that makes up the majority of our air is ( oxygen / nitrogen ).

13. Weather occurs in the ( troposphere / stratosphere ).

14. Most precipitation occurs (in the middle of air masses / the boundary between air masses ).

15. Air masses move with ( prevailing winds and upper air currents / ocean currents and tides ). A. The movement of air from one place to another

B. A front resulting from cold air pushing into warm air causing rain and thunderstorms

C. Flash of light caused by discharge of electrical charge

E. Equipment used to measure the amount of rain

F. The measure of the heat energy in a substance

G. A front resulting from warm air meeting and rising above a cold air mass

H. The buildup of electrons so that the electrons move from one place to the next

I. Equipment used to measure wind speed

J. Equipment used to measure air pressure

K. Negatively charged subatomic particle

L. Moisture in the air

M. Rotating column of air with wind speeds up to 33 mph

N. A severe storm with winds in excess of

Part 3: Match the correct definition to each term.

16. _____ anemometer

17. _____ barometer

18. _____ static electricity

19. _____warm front

20. _____ electron

21. _____ cold front

22. _____ humidity

23. _____Wind

24. _____Temperature

25. _____ Hurricane

26. _____ Tornado

27. _____ Lightning

Part 4: Rocks and MineralsDirections: Read each question an then circle the correct answer

1. The lithosphere is best described as:a. solid b. flexible c. molten d. liquid

2. A chemical property that can be used to identify a mineral is:a. streak b. hardness c. reaction to acid d. melting

point

3. Rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary according to:a. their density b. their hardness c. their streak color d. how they

were formed

4. Fossils are usually found in which type of rock?a. Sedimentary b. metamorphic c. igneous d. molten 5. Rocks may be transformed from one type into another through the process called:a. crustal change b. Earth’s mantel c. the rock cycle d. lithosphere

6. Which type of rock can be melted into magma?a. sedimentary b. igneous c. metamorphic d. all types

7. What process changes igneous and metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?a. erosion b. heat c. pressure d. melting

Part 5: Earth’s Changing Surface

1. The process by which rocks are broken into sediments is called:a. erosion b. weathering c. eruption d. melting

2.The movement of sediments due to gravity, water, and ice is called:a. erosion b. weathering c. eruption d. wind

3. The interior of Earth is:a. entirely solid b. molten magma c. molten lava d. water

4. The movement of Earth’s hot interior causes everything except:a. volcanoes b. earthquakes c. rivers and streams d. basins and mountains

5. Earth’s outermost layers is called the:a. mantle b. core c. magma d. crus

6. Scientists examine a rock layer that suggests movements in Earth’s crust. The rock layer was probably:

a. eroded b. folded c. weathered d. sedimentary

7. The fact that continents fit together like puzzle pieces suggests that:a. continents don’t move b. continents all have the same shape c. continents were once together