science 8 unit 4: cells, tissues, organs &...
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Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systems
![Page 2: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How do you know when something is alive?
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How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• The smallest unit of life, often called the building blocks of life
![Page 4: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• Grow
• An increase in the number or size of cells
![Page 5: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• Grow
• Reproduce
• Create more of the same kind (offspring)
![Page 6: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• Grow
• Reproduce
• Respond to stimuli
• Stimulus- anything that causes an organism to react
![Page 7: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• Grow
• Reproduce
• Respond to stimuli
• Use energy
![Page 8: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How do we know when something is alive?
All living things:
• Are made up of cells
• Grow
• Reproduce
• Respond to stimuli
• Use energy
• Move
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Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells
• Unicellular/ single celled organisms are made up of just 1 cell that carries out all necessary functions
• Multicellular organisms are made up of many specialized cells that carry out specific functions
Flu virus
![Page 10: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells
• Unicellular/ single celled organisms are made up of just 1 cell that carries out all necessary functions
• Multicellular organisms are made up of many specialized cells that carry out specific functions
• Cells are the basic (smallest) unit of life • There are structures inside cells called organelles
but they can not survive on their own
![Page 11: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells
• Unicellular/ single celled organisms are made up of just 1 cell that carries out all necessary functions
• Multicellular organisms are made up of many specialized cells that carry out specific functions
• Cells are the basic (smallest) unit of life • There are structures inside cells called organelles
but they can not survive on their own
• All cells come from other pre-existing cells
![Page 12: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How are cells organized?
Remember: We said most complex organisms like humans have many types of specialized cells
These cells are organized
in a particular way in the
human body
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How are cells organized?
Tissue: A group of cells of the same type performing the same function ex. Muscle
![Page 14: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How are cells organized?
Tissue: A group of cells of the same type performing the same function ex. Muscle Organ: Different tissues which work together to perform the same function Ex. The heart- contains mostly muscle tissue but also nerve, fat and epithelial tissue
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How are cells organized?
Tissue: A group of cells of the same type performing the same function ex. Muscle Organ: Different tissues which work together to perform the same function Ex. The heart- contains mostly muscle tissue but also nerve, fat and epithelial tissue Organ System: Group of organs that work together Ex. Circulatory system- heart, blood vessels and lungs work together to bring oxygen rich blood to all parts of the body
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Cells Tissues Organs Organ Organisms
Systems
![Page 17: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
• Magnifies objects using sets of lenses
![Page 18: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
Eyepiece: • Used for viewing • Contains a lens that magnifies
Arm:
• Supports the eyepiece Revolving Nosepiece:
• Holds the objective lenses
Objective Lenses: • Magnify the image • Most microscopes have 3-4
![Page 19: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
Fine Focus: •Focuses at high power
Coarse Focus:
•Focuses at low and medium power •Use this knob first
Stage:
•Shelf where the slide is kept
Light Source: •Supplies light used to view the slide
![Page 20: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
Magnification Power: How much larger a certain lens will make an object appear
Typically:
Low= 4 x
Medium = 10 x
High= 40 x
![Page 21: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
Magnification Power: How much larger a certain lens will make an object appear
Typically:
Low= 4 x
Medium = 10 x
High= 40 x
Remember: The eyepiece also magnifies the object (usually by 10x)
Total magnification = magnification of lens x magnification of eyepiece
![Page 22: Science 8 Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systemsmsstapleton.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/2/4/25241349/sciu4slide__2_.pdf · How are cells organized? Tissue: A group of cells of the same](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022071103/5fdcd2a36ee53b024b537177/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Compound Light Microscope
Example:
• low power lens magnifies by 4x
• Eyepiece magnifies by 10x
• Total magnification = 4x10 = 40
Remember: The eyepiece also magnifies the object (usually by 10x)
Total magnification = magnification of lens x magnification of eyepiece