science and cooking at harvard
DESCRIPTION
On April 3rd I have a presentation at the 2013 Materials Research Society meeting in San Francisco to talk about how we used cooking to engage a diverse range of audience in our science outreach efforts.TRANSCRIPT
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Science and Cooking at Harvard
Naveen Sinha, Otger Campas, Amy Rowat, Joan Abrams, Joshua Bridger, Kathryn Hollar, Daniel Rosenberg, Pia Sorensen, Heloise Vilaseca, Michael Brenner, David Weitz
Thanks to:Christina AndujarJason Doo, Geoff Lukas, Dan SouzaChop Chop Magazine
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HOW DO WE INSPIRE STUDENTS TO THINK ABOUT SCIENCE IN THEIR EVERYDAY LIVES?
1.
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Undergrad High school Grades 5-7
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Cooking is a universal activity that can captivate audiences and encourage experimentation.
Geoff LukasDan Souza
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Recipes can be effective starting points for demonstrating scientific concepts.
AC Rowat, D Rosenberg, K Hollar, and A Stone (2010)
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The scientific approach can explain how the ingredients in a recipe interact.
Joan Abrams
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Developing new recipes is a an accessible example of engineering design.
Julie Monrad
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CHEF/SCIENTIST COLLABORATIONS OPEN NEW EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
1I.
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The Harvard Science and Cooking course shows the potential of chef/scientist collaborations.
Prof. David Weitz Prof. Otger Cámpas
Ferran Adria Prof. Amy Rowat
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Many chefs can be eager to explain their recipe development process.
Chef José Andrés
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Chefs can also appreciate learning the reasons behind why their recipes work.
Chef Bill Yosses Pia Sorensen
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The professors provided context for the lectures and demonstrations from the chefs.
Prof. Michael Brenner Daniel Rosenberg
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Non-scientists learn how to apply quantitative approaches to cooking.
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Undergrads learn basic measurement techniques to apply to food.
Ice cream Hot iced tea Spherification Molten cake
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Students then apply these techniques to their own research projects.
What is the optimal ratio of flours for a gluten-free pasta?
Can you use rotary evaporation to extract the stinky smell from a durian?
Can use use gelling agents to make ice cubes that sink?
How can you mathematically model the cooking times for a chocolate cake?
Can you use transglutaminase to make heat-resistant ice cream?
Are their vegan substitutes for using gelatin with transglutaminase?
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A final project fair gives them experience in presenting their work to others.
photo by Eliza Grinnel / SEAS
Gashaw Clark ’14 (from left), K. Lanier Walker ’14, and Rebecca Ruskin ’13 prove that their jellied meat stock is stable enough to withstand direct flame without melting.
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The public lectures are filmed freely available on both iTunes and YouTube.
Chef Grant Achatz,
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CHEF/SCIENTIST COLLABORATIONS INSPIRE NEW RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
1II.
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Sous vide cooking can enable research into the effect of protein denaturation on texture.
Dave Arnold, Cooking Issues
How does the tenderness of meat scale with the cooking time, for a given temperature? – inspired by Nathan Myhrvold
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Breville has numerous research projects related to their kitchen equipment.
30 s 60 s 90 s 120 s 150 s
Natalie Sandman
How can we accelerate the egg whisking process?
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Cookies illustrate the complex interactions between ingredients in a recipe.
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America’s Test Kitchen provided their facilities and expertise to investigate ingredient ratios.
Geoff LukasDan Souza
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The standard recipe is crispy brown outside and soft and chewy inside.
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With extra flour, the cookie becomes more like a crumbly biscuit.
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With extra sugar, the cookie crystallizes and becomes fragile.
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With extra butter, the cookies feels greasy and leaves an oily residue.
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With extra egg, the cookie becomes floppy, similar to an omelet.
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Undergrad High school Grades 5-7
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Design Challenge: Create a healthy cookie
• What are the macromolecules in a sugar cookie?
• What are the physical and chemical changes that occur during the baking process?
• How do the macromolecules contribute to health?
• How can you modify the composition of a cookie to improve the nutrition, while maintaining the texture?
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Students study their own cookie “mutants” during their recipe development.
Joan Abrams
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Undergrad High school Grades 5-7
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CHEFS AND SCIENTISTS CAN WORK TOGETHER TO TEACH KIDS TO THINK LIKE SCIENTISTS IN THE KITCHEN
1V.
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How can we link science lessons with food to create into memorable experiences?
Anna Wang Ben Wolfe
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Students learn both science and cooking skills they can use in their everyday life.
Rolando Robledo Bill Yosses
Gabe Bremer / Daniel Rosenburg
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Science and Cooking for kids: SCHEDULE
8:00 to 8:30 pm students arrive
8:30 to 10:00 amscience/cooking
lesson10:00 to 10:30 am snack10:30 to 11:00 am recess11:00 to 11:30 am math11:30 am to noon lunch prepnoon to 1:00 pm lunch1:00 to 2:00 pm physical activity2:00 to 3:00 pm expert
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Science and Cooking for Kids:2012 Curriculum
Week 1 Week 2
Intro Acidity
Microbes Foams
Pickling Emulsions
Flavor Thickeners
Gelling BBQ
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Science and Cooking for Kids:2013 Curriculum
Day Learning OutcomeMonday Use ratios to understand how to balance
flavors.
Tuesday Apply analogies from phase transitions to explain culinary transformations.
Wednesday Apply heat diffusion concepts to understand cooking methods
Thursday Use chemical reactions to create new flavors and textures in food.
Friday Use soft matter concepts, like gels and emulsions, to describe Modernist cooking techniques.
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THE CULINARY WORLD IS FULL OF POTENTIAL NEW EDUCATION VENTURES
V.
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World-class chefs + Harvard faculty Eq. of the Week
Local chefs + students Experimental research
Test Kitchen + high school teacher Engineering design
Local chefs + Harvard scientists Lessons for kids
…what’s next?
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Science and math are not just important for scientists; cooking shows how these skills apply to everyday life or other careers.
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seas.harvard.edu/cooking
(in development)scienceandcooking.seas.harvard.edu
We’d love to discuss more ideas for combining science and cooking.
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Unexpected results, not perfect execution of a recipe, drives student learning.
Chefs and scientists work together to show these “failures” as a valuable source of knowledge.
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Culinary technologist Dave Arnold frequently collaborates with author Harold McGee.
Dave ArnoldHarold McGee
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Chef Wylie Dufresne consults with food scientist Ted Russin during recipe development.
Chef Wylie Dufresne
Ted Russin