SCIENCE AND RELIGION

. Day 1 Science

. Day 2 Religion

. Day 3 Conflicts

Three Day Presentation

. (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge"])is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

. Its proponents present testable hypotheses and provide evidence for their views that can be verified or duplicated by subsequent researchers

What is Science?

.DO YOU KNOW DO YOU DO YOU KNOW ANYTHING?

.HOW DO YOU KNOW WHAT YOU KNOW?

.DOGMA OR INVESTIGATION AND REASONING

. Scientist and Philosopher

. Student of Socrates (470) and Plato(437). Teacher of Alexander the great. Four elements- Fire; Earth; Water; Air

Aristotle 384-322 BC

Archimedes 287-212 BC

. Ran naked thru the streets shouting Eureka!. Crown of king Hiero II. Volume of water overflowing

ASTRONOMY

PTOLEMY 90-168

Formulated a geometric model of the moon, sun and planets with the earth at the center

COPERNICUS 1473-1543

Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the sun rather than the earth at its center

TYCHO BRAHE 1546-1601

Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations

JOHANNES KEPLER 1571-1630

1. The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci.2. A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.3. The square of the orbital period of a planet (365) is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis (150) of its orbit. for Mars 687 squared vs 228 million cubed; for mercury 116 vs 57; for Jupiter 4332 vs 778

Three laws of planetary motion:

THERMODYNAMICS

ROBERT BOYLE 1627-1691

"At a fixed temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted by the gas."

PV = k

JAQUES CHARLES1746-1823

"At a fixed pressure, the volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature of the gas."Leads to the ideal gas law of 1834

PV = nRT

V = kT

FORCES DUE TO MASS

GALILEO GALILEI 1564-1642THE FATHER OF MODERN SCIENCE

Law of pendulum motion

Vastly improved telescope building to a magnification of 30X

Astronomical observations: Moons of Jupiter; Phases of Venus; Rings of Saturn; Sun spots; stars in the Milky Way

Developed the microscope and observed the parts of insects.

When old and blind, invented the escarpment mechanism that makes pendulum clocks possible.

Bodies of different weights dropped from the leaning tower of Pisa.

Derived the laws of motion.

GALILEO'S LAWS OF MOTION:

. Developed the concept of motion in terms of velocity (speed and direction) through the use of inclined planes..Developed the idea of force, as a cause for motion.. Determined that the natural state of an object is rest or uniform motion, i.e. objects always have a velocity, sometimes that velocity has a magnitude of zero = rest..Objects in motion resist change (inertia.)

ISAAC NEWTON 1642-1726

. Co-inventor of Calculus (Leibniz pub 1684) (Newton pub 1704). Observed prism color patterns and concluded that color was a property of light. Calculated the age of the universe based on the begats in the bible.

Newtons’ three laws of motion:. Objects at rest tend to stay at rest; objects in motion tend to stay in motion

. F = mA

. Equal and opposite reactions

FORCES DUE TO CHARGE

LUIGI GALVANI 1737-1798

Doctor, surgeon and professor

Was skinning a frog in a brine solution at the same time as doing experiments with static electricity

Charged scalpel touched a frogs leg and it jumped

Concluded that muscles moved by electrical energy carried by liquid ions

ALESSANDRO VOLTA 1745-1827

. Professor at the University of Pavia

. Discovered Volta’s Law Q=VC

. Realized from Galvani’s experiment that the frog’s leg served as both an electrical detector and conductor.. Replaced frog leg with brine soaked paper between different metals and measured electricity

Invented the first battery (Voltaic cell)

HUMPHRY DAVY 1778-1828

Pioneer in the field of electrolysis using the voltaic pile to split common compounds. 

Discovered: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, and barium

Dmitri Mendeleev

MICHAEL FARADAY 1791-1867

Little formal education – was assistant to Davy

Many accomplishments in chemistry:Invented the Bunsen burner; synthesized new compounds; laws of electrolysis.

Discovered and demonstrated induction

Invented the Faraday cage

Provided the experimental basis for the Maxwell Equations

JAMES CLERK MAXWELL 1831-1879

∇ × E = −∂B ∂t∇ × H = J + ∂D ∂t ∇ · D = ρ ∇ · B = 0

DEFERREDBig Bang

Anthropology

Darwin

Crick and Watson – deoxyribonucleic acid

(DNA)

QUESTIONS1. Do you have any reservations about the conclusions of science?

2. How do you see the limits of science?