science booklet grade 6 - cairo modern...

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QUARTER 4

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SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

GRADE 6

WORKSHEET UNIT 1 LESSON 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. How is an organism’s niche different from its habitat?

A. Its niche is the organism’s role within the habitat.B. Its niche is the climate that exists within the habitat.C. Its niche is the place where an organism lives within a habitat.D. Its niche is the size of the population to which the organism belongs.

2. The image shows various things that make up a pond.

Which things from the image make up the pond community?

A. water, rocks, clouds, and air onlyB. fish, ducks, turtles, frogs, crayfish, and insects onlyC. grasses, cattail reeds, fish, ducks, turtles, frogs, crayfish, and insectsD. grasses, cattail reeds, water, rocks, clouds, air, fish, ducks, turtles, frogs,

crayfish, and insects

3. Which choice lists the organism(s) at the community level of a prairie ecosystem?

A. prairie dogB. prairie dog, badger, prairie chickenC. prairie dog, badger, prairie chicken, grassD. prairie dog, badger, prairie chicken, snake, grass, trees, bison, clouds,

sunlight

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4. Which of the following best describes the niche of a sunflower plant?

A. It has roots, stems, and leaves.B. It produces food through photosynthesis.C. It requires soil, air, and water in order to survive.D. It reproduces by making seeds that grow into new plants.

5. The image shows various things that make up a pond.

Which things from the image are part of the pond ecosystem?

A. grasses and cattail reeds onlyB. water, rocks, clouds, and air onlyC. fish, ducks, turtles, frogs, crayfish, and insects onlyD. grasses, cattail reeds, water, rocks, clouds, air, fish, ducks, turtles, frogs,

crayfish, and insects

6. Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

A. wind B. tree leavesC. small rocksD. light from the sun

7. The following image shows organisms in a certain land biome.

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Which land biome is most likely shown in this image?

A. desertB. tundraC. tropical rain forestD. temperate grassland

8. Each level of organization in an ecosystem is made up of parts. Which of the following is an example of the population level of organization in a coral reef ecosystem?

A. seawaterB. a clown fishC. a group of anemonesD. a colony of coral and a stand of sea grass

9. Which of these statements describes a species?

A. A species is a group of organisms that are closely related.B. A species is a group of organisms that live in the same habitat.C. A species is a group of organisms that live in an area and interact. D. A species is a group of organisms that are closely related and produce

fertile offspring.

10. Which of the following determines where a population can live?

A. whether its needs are met by the biotic factors in the habitatB. whether its needs are met by the abiotic factors in the habitatC. whether its needs are met by the abiotic and biotic factors in the habitatD. whether its needs are met by the other populations of organisms in the

habitat

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11. Which of the following best describes what scientists consider when they study ecology?

A. the interactions of organisms with their environmentB. the interactions of organisms with weather and climateC. the interactions of organisms to reproduce and produce offspringD. the interactions of organisms with one another and the environment

12. Which of the following describes a community?

A. all populations that live in the same areaB. all populations that contain the same speciesC. all populations that live in the same area and interactD. all populations that live in the same area but do not interact

13. Which of these statements best describes a niche in an ecosystem?

A. the role of a species in its populationB. the role of a species in its communityC. the way a species uses the resources in its habitat D. the way a species interacts with other species in its habitat

14. The ecosystem in the diagram below has both biotic and abiotic factors.

Which is an abiotic factor in this ecosystem?

A. fishB. sandC. snailsD. plants

15. What is a population?

A. a group of different species living in the same areaB. a group of different species living in separated areasC. a group of individuals of the same species living in the same areaD. a group of individuals of the same species living in separated areas

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16. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between ecosystems and biomes?

A. A biome may contain many ecosystems, and ecosystems within the same biome are typically home to similar species of organisms.

B. An ecosystem may contain many biomes, and biomes within the same ecosystem are typically home to similar species of organisms.

C. Both biomes and ecosystems are characterized by their climate conditions and the communities that live in them; however, biomes refer to land environments and ecosystems refer to aquatic environments.

D. Both biomes and ecosystems are characterized by their climate conditions and the communities that live in them; however, ecosystems refer to land environments and biomes refer to aquatic environments.

17. A classmate describes the region in which he lives as “a temperate deciduous forest biome consisting of several different ecosystems, including meadows, ponds, woods, even rotting logs.” Based on what you know about biomes and ecosystems, could your classmate’s description be accurate?

A. Yes, because all temperate deciduous forest biomes contain meadows, ponds, woods, and rotting logs.

B. Yes, because a biome may contain many ecosystems, and an ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in a particular area.

C. No, because rotting logs are too small and localized to be considered ecosystems.

D. No, because an ecosystem may contain several different biomes, but a biome does not contain several different ecosystems.

18. The diagram below shows an aquatic ecosystem.

What is one abiotic factor shown in this diagram?

A. the snailsB. the waterC. the crabD. the tree roots

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SHORT ANSWER

1. Use the diagram to help you answer the following question.

If there is a decrease in food availability for the wading birds, how will each level of organization shown in the diagram be affected? Explain your answer.

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GRADE 6

WORKSHEET UNIT 1 LESSON 2MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The figure below shows a food chain that might exist in a field or meadow.

Which of the following best describes what the food chain represents?

A. how an organism might change over timeB. the movement of organisms throughout the ecosystemC. the increase in size among organisms in the ecosystem D. the path of energy transfer from producers to consumers

2. Carnivores and herbivores are both consumers. Which statement best describes how they differ from one another?

A. Carnivores produce all the energy they need.B. Carnivores eat only animals whereas herbivores eat only plants.C. Carnivores eat living organisms whereas herbivores eat organisms that

have died.D. Carnivores obtain energy by eating food whereas herbivores obtain

energy from sunlight.

3. What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

A. to control the population of producers and consumersB. to compete with producers for energy and other resourcesC. to provide a source of energy for the producers in the ecosystemD. to recycle energy and materials from dead producers and consumers

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4. A mangrove swamp contains many organisms living among the large roots of the mangrove trees. This food web shows some of the relationships in that ecosystem.

According to the food web, which organism is a producer in the mangrove swamp?

A. crabB. moldC. pelicanD. phytoplankton

5. Some consumers, such as many flying insects, need large amounts of energy to grow and move from one place to another. How do consumers get energy to function?

A. Consumers obtain all of their energy by eating other organisms.B. Consumers obtain some energy from other organisms and some from

sunlight.C. Consumers obtain most of their energy by absorbing it from their

environments.D. Consumers convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored

in food. 6.The figure below shows a food chain that might exist in a field or meadow.

Which organism is the primary consumer in this food chain?

A. owlB. toadC. beetleD. plant leaf

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7.This mangrove ecosystem represented by the food web below consists of a grove of trees with an extensive root system and the organisms that use the grove for food or shelter.

What do the arrows in the food web represent?

A. the relative location of organisms in the ecosystemB. the flow of energy from one organism in the ecosystem to anotherC. the relative sizes of organisms in the ecosystem from smallest to largestD. the increase in complexity of organisms from producer through consumer

8. Which statement describes a difference between decomposers and consumers in an ecosystem?

A. Decomposers are types of plants, whereas consumers are types of animals.

B. Decomposers remain in one place, but consumers move around within the ecosystem.

C. Decomposers get energy only from plant materials, and consumers eat both plants and animals.

D. Decomposers can obtain energy by digesting chemical compounds that consumers cannot digest.

9. All organisms must obtain energy from their environment. Every organism needs this energy in order to grow and reproduce. How do producers obtain energy?

A. They obtain energy by eating plants, bacteria, and algae.B. They extract chemical energy from decaying organic matter.C. They extract energy from the chemicals in soil, air, and water.D. They capture energy from sunlight and manufacture their own food.

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10.A student is identifying food chains in an ecosystem. Which of the following organisms might be a tertiary consumer?

A. frogB. redwood treeC. great white sharkD. athlete’s foot fungus

ESSAY

1. An owl, grasshopper, grass plant, and shrew are all part of the same food chain.

Describe what a food chain represents.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

What would be the order of these organisms in a food chain?

___________________________________________________

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Which organism is the producer? Explain.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Which organism is a tertiary consumer? Explain.

__________________________________________________

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GRADE 6


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The fennec fox is a predator. Its ears are very large relative to the small size of its body. How might large ears help the fox to survive?

A. The fox’s ears help it balance as it chases prey.B. The fox’s ears help it blend into its surroundings.C. The fox’s ears help it hear the insects that it preys upon.D. The fox’s ears allow it to be seen easily by other organisms.

2. Which of the following describes the relationship between a hermit crab and the mollusk that previously lived in the hermit crab’s shell?

A. parasitismB. mutualismC. commensalismD. predator and prey

4. Which of the following is an example of a predator-prey relationship?

A. A plant is a predator, and a fox is its prey.B. A fox is a predator, and a bear is its prey.C. A fox is a predator, and a rabbit is its prey.D. A mouse is a predator, and a fox is its prey.

5. Small birds called Egyptian plovers sometimes get their food by picking it off the hides of crocodiles. For this reason, they are also known as crocodile birds. Which kind of relationship do crocodiles and Egyptian plovers have?

A. mutualismB. parasitismC. predator-preyD. commensalism

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6.Hermit crabs and anemones have a mutualistic relationship. Which of these statements best describes how they interact?

A. Hermit crabs and anemones live in the same ecosystem and can eat similar organisms.

B. Anemones can move on their own by using their tentacles and pedal disk. The pedal disk is on the side of the anemone that is opposite its mouth.

C. Anemones cannot move very quickly, but they can sting predators. When an anemone is riding on a hermit crab’s shell, the anemone protects the crab from predators.

D. When a hermit crab grows too big for a shell, it moves to a larger shell. If an anemone has attached itself to the old shell, the hermit crab will move the anemone to its new shell.

7. The diagram below shows feeding relationships among some organisms in an ecosystem.

Based on the information shown in the diagram, which answer best describes the relationship between hawks and coyotes?

A. Coyotes are parasites of hawks.B. Coyotes are predators of hawks.C. Coyotes and hawks are both prey.D. Coyotes and hawks compete for the same food.

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8. One relationship between organisms is that of predator-prey. Which of the following is the best description of a predator?

A. an organism that eats another organismB. an organism that participates in symbiosisC. an organism that is eaten by another organismD. an organism that benefits at the expense of another organism

9. Which of these statements best explains why trees in a forest do not grow very close to one another?

A. Their seeds blow away from them.B. Deer eat the newly sprouted seedlings.C. Trees are harvested by lumber companies.D. Trees compete for resources directly around them.

10. Which of the following is an example of commensalism?

A. A bird is hunted, killed, and eaten by a cat.B. A bird eats berries, then spreads the seeds.C. A bird finds an existing hole in a tree and builds a nest in it.D. A bird finds a small shellfish on a beach, cracks its shell, and eats it.

11. In a relationship between two organisms, sometimes one organism is predator and the other is prey. Which of the following is the best description of prey?

A. an organism that eats another organismB. an organism that is eaten by another organismC. an organism that is harmed by another organismD. an organism that another organism benefits from

12. A spider hides in an orchid flower. It captures and eats insects as they enter the flower. How could this be an example of mutualism?

A. if the spider is also eating part of the flowerB. if the spider’s actions do not affect the orchid plantC. if the insects that the spider captures are harming the flowerD. if the insects that the spider captures are pollinating the flower

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13.Remoras are small fish that attach to sharks but do not harm them. When sharks tear prey apart, remoras eat the leftovers. What statement about the relationship between remoras and sharks is true?

A. Remoras are parasites and sharks are their hosts.B. Remoras and sharks have a mutualistic relationship.C. Remoras and sharks have a predator-prey relationship.D. The relationship between remoras and sharks is an example of

commensalism.

14.After a mild winter and plenty of food, a deer population grew rapidly. What most likely happened to the wolf population in that ecosystem?

A. The wolf population was unaffected.B. The wolf population grew.C. The wolf population shrunk.D. The wolf population went extinct.

15. Scientists studied predator-prey relationships in a habitat. The diagram below shows the feeding relationships among organisms that a scientist might find in a certain environment.

Which animal is both a predator and prey?A. owlB. plantC. snakeD. cricket

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16. Which of the following is not a resource that two birds living in the same tree would likely compete for?

A. oxygen in the air to breatheB. other birds with which to mateC. twigs with which to build a nestD. seeds growing on the tree to eat

17.A small fish called a cleaner wrasse, darts in and out of a larger fish’s mouth, removing and eating parasites and dead tissue. Which term best describes the relationship between the cleaner wrasse and the larger fish?

A. mutualismB. commensalismC. parasitismD. competition

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GRADE 6


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be a pioneer species in an ecosystem?

A. a tall treeB. mossC. a shrubD. a mouse

2. The diagram below shows changes occurring in an ecosystem over time.

What is happening in the diagram?

A. Plants are growing larger over time.B. Soil is being removed from an ecosystem over time.C. An ecosystem is slowly being eliminated from a region.D. Biological communities are gradually being replaced by other

communities.

3. Which ecosystem most likely has the greatest biological diversity?

A. a tank that includes several goldfishB. a tundra region that has many penguinsC. a pine tree in which three groups of birds liveD. a rain forest that has many different types of plants and animals

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4. How does natural eutrophication affect a pond ecosystem?

A. It causes nutrients to build up. B. It causes temperatures to rise.C. It causes the pond to become deeper.D. It causes a change in the flow of water.

5. Which statement best describes ecosystems?

A. They can never change once they are established.B. They constantly change in different ways over time.C. Ecosystems always revert back to their original state.D. Each ecosystem can exist for only a specific length of time.

6. How is secondary succession different from primary succession?

A. Secondary succession occurs after a disturbance in an area that was previously uninhabited.

B. Secondary succession occurs after a disturbance in an area in which the soil has remained intact.

C. Secondary succession occurs over a longer period of time than primary succession.

D. Secondary succession occurs when animals are introduced to an area that had only plants.

7. Which term best describes the number and variety of organisms in a given area during a specific period of time?

A. carrying capacityB. biodiversityC. successionD. eutrophication

8.How do pioneer species make ecological succession possible on an island formed from volcanic eruptions?

A. They use chemicals to produce food.B. They establish homes in which animals can live.C. They break down rock into soil in which plants can grow.D. They adjust the climate by altering the average temperature in a region.

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9.How is the number of species in an ecosystem related to the stage of ecological succession?

A. The number of species increases as succession proceeds.B. The number of species decreases as an ecosystem becomes mature.C. The number of species present when succession begins remains the same.D. The number of species increases and then decreases as succession

proceeds.

10.The diagram shows changes to a pond ecosystem over time.

Through which of the following processes are plant communities taking over the ecosystem?

A. acidificationB. primary successionC. climate disturbanceD. natural eutrophication

11. Which of the following would most likely be a pioneer species as an area undergoes succession?

A. mossesB. squirrelsC. plankton D. coniferous trees

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12. The diagram below shows an example of ecological succession.

How can you tell from the diagram that this is an example of secondary succession rather than of primary succession?

A. No plants exist when the process begins.B. Soil is present at the beginning of the process.C. The process ends with the growth of large trees.D. The sizes of the plants generally increase over time.

13. What does biodiversity indicate about an ecosystem?

A. the location of the ecosystemB. the overall size of the ecosystemC. the ability of the ecosystem to survive changeD. the identify of the organisms that began ecological succession in the

ecosystem

14. Which of the following might result from the process of natural eutrophication?

A. A pond becomes a meadow. B. A rock breaks down into soil.C. A glacier retreats to expose new land. D. A non-native species takes resources from native species.

SHORT ANSWER

1. How would you describe an ecosystem that has high biodiversity?

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

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GRADE 6


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. How might acid rain harm the environment?

A. It traps heat near Earth’s surface.B. It causes coal to burn less efficiently.C. It lowers the pH of bodies of water on the ground. D. It allows harmful radiation from the sun to reach Earth.

2. How would the introduction of an exotic species most likely affect an ecosystem?

A. It would pollute the water or land.B. It would increase the available resources.C. It would compete with native species for resources.D. It would cause the size of the ecosystem to increase.

3. Farmers often give their crops more nutrients by applying chemical fertilizers to the soil. Which of the following describes how this activity is most likely to affect water quality in nearby water bodies?

A. If the fertilizers run off into the water, they can cause eutrophication.B. If the fertilizers run off into the water, the nutrient level may be

decreased.C. If the fertilizers run off into the water, the water will be able to support a

greater diversity of organisms.D. Applying chemical fertilizers to soil is unlikely to affect water quality in

nearby water bodies.

4. What happens when resource depletion occurs?

A. chemicals are spilled or dumped into waterB. nutrients are added to an aquatic ecosystemC. a large fraction of a specific resource is used upD. materials are changed in form so they can be reused

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5.How does an increase in the human population affect ecosystems?

A. A larger human population increases Earth’s biodiversity.B. A larger human population has a greater need for natural resources.C. A larger human population produces more natural resources for living

things.D. A larger human population helps matter cycle through ecosystems more

quickly.

6. Which of the following might decrease the amount of water available in an ecosystem?

A. spilling oilB. dumping sewage C. constructing a damD. producing acid rain

7. The diagram shows a large ecosystem surrounding a pond.

How might animals in the ecosystem be harmed by the human activity shown in the diagram?

A. Many animal species might be prevented from mating.B. Some animal species may be able to travel more easily.C. Animal species may have to compete for food resources.D. Additional resources might be created for animal species.

8. Which of the following strategies is most likely to help conserve natural resources?

A. spraying chemical fertilizers on cropsB. investing in power plants that burn fossil fuelsC. leaving electronic devices running when not in useD. taking buses or subways to work rather than driving cars

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9. What will most likely happen to a native species if an exotic species outcompetes it for food?

A. The native species will become extinct.B. The native species will adapt to less food. C. The native species will find another food source.D. The native species will use the exotic species for food.

10. How might the channelization of rivers affect populations in river ecosystems?

A. Aquatic species might find new food sources.B. Aquatic species might require different nutrients.C. Aquatic species might adapt to land environments.D. Aquatic species might lose the conditions they need to survive.

11. What happens when an ecosystem undergoes eutrophication?

A. An exotic species is introduced into a region.B. The density of people living in an area increases.C. The pH of a body of water drops below normal levels.D. The amount of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem increases.

12. The diagram shows a person commuting to work.

Which of the following best describes what the person is doing?

13.Which of the following human activities is most likely to affect water quantity in an area?

A. boating on a lakeB. constructing a damC. dumping chemicals down a drainD. piloting oil tankers across the ocean

14. Which is an example of resource depletion?

A. Fertilizers run off farms into nearby waterways.B. Ships are sunk to make up for the loss of natural reefs.C. Gases released into the air combine with rain to produce weak acids.D. More trees are cut down to make paper products than are replanted.

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A. recycling natural resourcesB. depleting natural resources C. conserving natural resourcesD. identifying new natural resources

15. Resource depletion, pollution, and habitat loss are all environmental problems caused by what factor?

A. acid rainB. eutrophicationC. introduced speciesD. human activities

SHORT ANSWER

1. What is conservation?

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What are several ways of practicing conservation?

___________________________________________________

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GRADE 6


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The picture shows a scene from a campground.

Which energy conversion is taking place in the picture?

A. chemical energy to thermal energy B. nuclear energy to chemical energy C. electrical energy to mechanical energy D. electromagnetic energy to chemical energy

2. Which of the following resources is considered inexhaustible?

A. mineralsB. treesC. solar energyD. fossil fuels

3.Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable?

A. Coal will never run out.B. No new coal is being produced on Earth.C. Coal is used to produce energy and not materials.D. Coal is being used faster than it is being produced.

4.The picture shows a natural resource being transported.

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How might this resource be used as a material resource?

A. The resource might be dropped into a landfill.B. The resource might be burned to release heat.C. The resource might be transformed into paper.D. The resource might be replanted to form new trees.

5. The turbine shown below is used to produce energy for human use.

What type of energy conversion takes place in the turbine?

A. wind energy to produce electrical energy B. solar energy to produce mechanical energyC. thermal energy to produce chemical energyD. energy from moving water to produce mechanical energy

6. The figure below includes many natural resources.

Which of the materials shown here could be classified as an inexhaustible natural resource?

7.Trees can be classified as different kinds of resources. Which of these statements gives a reason for classifying a tree as an energy resource?

A. It is a renewable resource.B. It can be used to build a home.C. It can be burned to provide heat.D. It requires energy to grow a tree.

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A. treesB. waterC. cattleD. sunlight

8. A natural resource is best defined as any naturally occurring material that is which of the following?

A. used by peopleB. mined from EarthC. unlimited in quantityD. left untouched in nature

9. Which of these activities requires the use of a material resource?

A. heating a homeB. manufacturing steelC. climbing a tall mountainD. generating an electric current

10. Which of the following statements best describes how natural resources benefit humans?

A. Natural resources save us money.B. Natural resources help us to survive.C. Natural resources are readily available.D. Natural resources exist in nearly unlimited supplies.

11. Water flowing through turbines produces electricity in the hydroelectric plant shown below. Hydroelectric power is a renewable source of energy.

What source of energy renews the water cycle, thus producing the water that turns the turbines?

A. solar energyB. chemical energy C. mechanical energy D. geothermal energy

12.Which of the following would be considered a natural resource?

A. rockB. glassC. steelD. concrete

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13. The chemical bonds in fuel are changed when the fuel is burned to move a car. What type of energy conversion is taking place in this example?

A. kinetic to mechanical energyB. chemical to potential energyC. potential to kinetic energyD. mechanical to electrical energy

14. Sometimes, a renewable resource can be considered nonrenewable because it is used up faster than it can be replenished. Which of the following choices is an example of this?

A. Coal supply dwindling because it takes millions of years to form.B. Forests being cut down at a quicker rate than they can grow.C. Solar energy being used to provide electricity to a home.D. Water in streams replaced by rainfall from the atmosphere.

15. Which of the following natural resources is renewed by non-living processes?A. waterB. forestsC. wildlifeD. agricultural crops

16. Why are fossil fuels such rich sources of energy for humans, but rocks are not?

A. Rocks are too old to contain energy.B. Rocks are too difficult to extract from Earth.C. Fossil fuels contain energy-rich carbon from once-living organisms.D. Both rocks and fossil fuels contain carbon-based energy from dead

organisms, but fossil fuels are easier to burn.

17. Which of the following natural resources is renewed by non-living processes?

A. waterB. forestsC. wildlifeD. agricultural crops

18. Why are fossil fuels such rich sources of energy for humans, but rocks are not?

A. Rocks are too old to contain energy.B. Rocks are too difficult to extract from Earth.C. Fossil fuels contain energy-rich carbon from once-living organisms.D. Both rocks and fossil fuels contain carbon-based energy from dead

organisms, but fossil fuels are easier to burn.

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Science departmentQuarter (4) final Revision sheet

True/False

____ 1. A food chain is the feeding relationships among all of the organisms in an ecosystem.

____ 2. Competition occurs when organisms try to use the same limited resource.

____ 3. Biomes are characterized by temperature, precipitation, and the plant and animal communities that live there.

____ 4. A habitat is the role of a population in its community, including its environment and its relationship with other species.

____ 5. A material resource is a renewable resource only that is used to make objects.

____ 6. Rocks, water, air, minerals, forests, wildlife, and soil are all examples of a natural resource.

Multiple Choice

____ 1. What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

A. to control the population of producers and consumersB. to compete with producers for energy and other resourcesC. to provide a source of energy for the producers in the ecosystemD. to recycle energy and materials from dead producers and consumers

____ 2. Some consumers, such as many flying insects, need large amounts of energy to grow and move from one place to another. How do consumers get energy to function?

A. Consumers obtain all of their energy by eating other organisms.B. Consumers obtain some energy from other organisms and some from sunlight.C. Consumers obtain most of their energy by absorbing it from their environments.D. Consumers convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in food.

____ 3. The figure below shows a food chain that might exist in a field or meadow.

Which organism is the primary consumer in this food chain?

A. owlB. toadC. beetleD. plant leaf

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____ 4. Which statement describes a difference between decomposers and consumers in an ecosystem?A. Decomposers are types of plants, whereas consumers are types of animals.B. Decomposers remain in one place, but consumers move around within the

ecosystem.C. Decomposers get energy only from plant materials, and consumers eat both plants

and animals.D. Decomposers can obtain energy by digesting chemical compounds that consumers

cannot digest.

____ 5. Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable?


____ 6. Which of the following statements best describes how natural resources benefit humans?


____ 7. Why are decomposers an essential part of a healthy ecosystem?

A. Decomposers are a necessary part of the diet of most consumers.B. Decomposers convert plant material into a form that primary consumers can use.C. Decomposers make resources available to producers by breaking down waste

materials.D. Decomposers extract energy from sunlight as they break down plant materials,

adding returning energy to the system.

____ 8. Grizzly bears diet consists of roots, tubers, berries, nuts, fungus, insects, rodents, and fish. What ecological role best describes grizzly bears?

A. carnivoresB. omnivoresC. herbivoresD. producers

____ 9. Which of the following is an example of a predator-prey relationship?

A. A plant is a predator, and a fox is its prey.B. A fox is a predator, and a bear is its prey.C. A fox is a predator, and a rabbit is its prey.D. A mouse is a predator, and a fox is its prey.

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____ 10. The diagram below shows feeding relationships among some organisms in an ecosystem.

Based on the information shown in the diagram, which answer best describes the relationship between hawks and coyotes?

A. Coyotes are parasites of hawks.B. Coyotes are predators of hawks.C. Coyotes and hawks are both prey.D. Coyotes and hawks compete for the same food.

____ 11. Sometimes, a renewable resource can be considered nonrenewable because it is used up faster than it can be replenished. Which of the following choices is an example of this?


____ 12. Which of the following is not a resource that two birds living in the same tree would likely compete for?

A. oxygen in the air to breatheB. other birds with which to mateC. twigs with which to build a nestD. seeds growing on the tree to eat

____ 13. A small fish called a cleaner wrasse, darts in and out of a larger fish’s mouth, removing and eating parasites and dead tissue. Which term best describes the relationship between the cleaner wrasse and the larger fish?

A. mutualismB. commensalismC. parasitismD. competition

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____ 14. After a mild winterand plenty of food, a deer population grew rapidly. What most likely happened to the wolf population in that ecosystem?

A. The wolf population was unaffected.B. The wolf population grew.C. The wolf population shrunk.D. The wolf population went extinct.

____ 15. How is an organism’s niche different from its habitat?

A. Its niche is the organism’s role within the habitat.B. Its niche is the climate that exists within the habitat.C. Its niche is the place where an organism lives within a habitat.D. Its niche is the size of the population to which the organism belongs.

____ 16. Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?A. wind B. tree leavesC. small rocksD. light from the sun

____ 17. Which of these statements describes a species?A. A species is a group of organisms that are closely related.B. A species is a group of organisms that live in the same habitat.C. A species is a group of organisms that live in an area and interact. D. A species is a group of organisms that are closely related and produce fertile

offspring.

____ 18. Which of the following determines where a population can live?A. whether its needs are met by the biotic factors in the habitatB. whether its needs are met by the abiotic factors in the habitatC. whether its needs are met by the abiotic and biotic factors in the habitatD. whether its needs are met by the other populations of organisms in the habitat

____ 19. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between ecosystems and biomes?A. A biome may contain many ecosystems, and ecosystems within the same biome

are typically home to similar species of organisms.B. An ecosystem may contain many biomes, and biomes within the same ecosystem

are typically home to similar species of organisms.C. Both biomes and ecosystems are characterized by their climate conditions and the

communities that live in them; however, biomes refer to land environments and ecosystems refer to aquatic environments.

D. Both biomes and ecosystems are characterized by their climate conditions and the communities that live in them; however, ecosystems refer to land environments and biomes refer to aquatic environments.

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____ 20. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be a pioneer species in an ecosystem?

A. a tall treeB. mossC. a shrubD. a mouse

____ 21. How does natural eutrophication affect a pond ecosystem?

A. It causes nutrients to build up. B. It causes temperatures to rise.C. It causes the pond to become deeper.D. It causes a change in the flow of water.

____ 22. Which statement best describes ecosystems?

A. They can never change once they are established.B. They constantly change in different ways over time.C. Ecosystems always revert back to their original state.D. Each ecosystem can exist for only a specific length of time.

____ 23. How is secondary succession different from primary succession?

A. Secondary succession occurs after a disturbance in an area that was previously uninhabited.

B. Secondary succession occurs after a disturbance in an area in which the soil has remained intact.

C. Secondary succession occurs over a longer period of time than primary succession.D. Secondary succession occurs when animals are introduced to an area that had only

plants.

____ 24. Which term best describes the number and variety of organisms in a given area during a specific period of time?

A. carrying capacityB. biodiversityC. successionD. eutrophication

____ 25. How do pioneer species make ecological succession possible on an island formed from volcanic eruptions?

A. They use chemicals to produce food.B. They establish homes in which animals can live.C. They break down rock into soil in which plants can grow.D. They adjust the climate by altering the average temperature in a region.

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____ 26. How is the number of species in an ecosystem related to the stage of ecological succession?

A. The number of species increases as succession proceeds.B. The number of species decreases as an ecosystem becomes mature.C. The number of species present when succession begins remains the same.D. The number of species increases and then decreases as succession proceeds.

____ 27. Which of the following would most likely be a pioneer species as an area undergoes succession?

A. mossesB. squirrelsC. plankton D. coniferous trees

____ 28. What does biodiversity indicate about an ecosystem?

A. the location of the ecosystemB. the overall size of the ecosystemC. the ability of the ecosystem to survive changeD. the identify of the organisms that began ecological succession in the ecosystem

____ 29. Which of the following might result from the process of natural eutrophication?

A. A pond becomes a meadow. B. A rock breaks down into soil.C. A glacier retreats to expose new land. D. A non-native species takes resources from native species.

____ 30. The following table lists the number and variety of organisms in four different ecosystems.Plants Animals# of Organisms

# of Species

# of Organisms

# of Species

Ecosystem 1 500 5 300 4Ecosystem 2 300 10 100 7Ecosystem 3 100 2 200 5Ecosystem 4 50 6 30 4Based on the table, which ecosystem is likely the most sustainable?A. Ecosystem 1B. Ecosystem 2C. Ecosystem 3D. Ecosystem 4

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____ 31. What happens when resource depletion occurs?

A. chemicals are spilled or dumped into waterB. nutrients are added to an aquatic ecosystemC. a large fraction of a specific resource is used upD. materials are changed in form so they can be reused

____ 32. How does an increase in the human population affect ecosystems?

A. A larger human population increases Earth’s biodiversity.B. A larger human population has a greater need for natural resources.C. A larger human population produces more natural resources for living things.D. A larger human population helps matter cycle through ecosystems more quickly.

____ 33. Which of the following strategies is most likely to help conserve natural resources?

A. spraying chemical fertilizers on cropsB. investing in power plants that burn fossil fuelsC. leaving electronic devices running when not in useD. taking buses or subways to work rather than driving cars

____ 34. What will most likely happen to a native species if an exotic species outcompetes it for food?

A. The native species will become extinct.B. The native species will adapt to less food. C. The native species will find another food source.D. The native species will use the exotic species for food.

____ 35. How might the channelization of rivers affect populations in river ecosystems?

A. Aquatic species might find new food sources.B. Aquatic species might require different nutrients.C. Aquatic species might adapt to land environments.D. Aquatic species might lose the conditions they need to survive.

____ 36. Resource depletion, pollution, and habitat loss are all environmental problems caused by what factor?A. acid rainB. eutrophicationC. introduced speciesD. human activities

____ 37. Which of the following resources is considered inexhaustible?

A. mineralsB. treesC. solar energyD. fossil fuels

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____38.Which of the materials shown here could be classified as an inexhaustible natural resource?

A. treesB. waterC. cattleD. sunlight

____ 39. Trees can be classified as different kinds of resources. Which of these statements gives a reason for classifying a tree as an energy resource?

A. It is a renewable resource.B. It can be used to build a home.C. It can be burned to provide heat.D. It requires energy to grow a tree.

____ 40. Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable?


____ 42. Which of the following statements best describes how natural resources benefit humans?


____ 43. Which of the following would be considered a natural resource?

A. rockB. glassC. steelD. concrete

____ 44. Hydroelectric dams like the one shown below are often used to produce electric power.

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Which of these terms best describes the role of water in this power system?

A. a created resourceB. a material resourceC. an energy resourceD. a nonrenewable resource

____ 45. Trees can be classified as different kinds of resources.

Based on this figure, what is the bestclassification for these trees?

A. material resourceB. renewable resourceC. endangered resourceD. nonrenewable resource

____ 46. Sometimes, a renewable resource can be considered nonrenewable because it is used up faster than it can be replenished. Which of the following choices is an example of this?


____ 47. Which of the following natural resources is renewed by non-living processes?

A. waterB. forestsC. wildlifeD. agricultural crops

____ 48. Why are fossil fuels such rich sources of energy for humans, but rocks are not?

A. Rocks are too old to contain energy.B. Rocks are too difficult to extract from Earth.C. Fossil fuels contain energy-rich carbon from once-living organisms.D. Both rocks and fossil fuels contain carbon-based energy from dead organisms, but

fossil fuels are easier to burn.

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____ 49. Over the course of many years, a rural farm town becomes more urban. Which of the following will most likely happen in the town as a result of this urbanization?

A. The amount of rainfall will increase.B. Rivers may be contaminated by sewage.C. Light pollution in the town may decrease.D. People will develop more farms in the town.

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science booklet grade 6 - cairo modern...

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