Ch. 11 Matter and its properties Study Guide

Name _____________________________

Test date: __________________________

*Your test will be matching, multiple choice, and short answer.

Vocabulary

Lesson 1

Element-the basic building blocks of matter

Weight- is a measure of the pull of gravity on an object

Mass- the amount of matter in an object

Volume- the amount of space an object takes up

Density- is the measure of the amount of matter in a given volume

Buoyancy- if an object floats

Chemical properties- describes how a material changes into another material

Physical properties- can be measured without changing the material

Lesson 2

Atom- the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of the element

Neutron- has no electrical charge

Proton- has a positive charge

Electron- has a negative charge

Periodic table- a table where elements are organized

Molecule- the smallest particle of a substance made of combined atoms that has the same properties of that substance

Compound- is a type of matter made of a combination of elements

Chemical formulas- a formula that shows how many atoms of each element are in the compound

Lesson 3

Solid- has a definite shape and volume

Liquid- takes shape of container; does have definite volume

Gas- does not have a definite shape or volume

Evaporation- occurs when particles leave a liquid and become a gas

Boiling point- the temperature at which a liquid turns into gas bubbles

Freezing point- a material freezes at the same temperature at which it melts

Condensation- occurs when a gas turns into a liquid

Lesson 4

Mixtures- different material placed together that can be separated

Solutions- a special mixture in which substances are spread evenly and will not settle

Solute- substance that dissolves

Solvent- the substance that the solute dissolves in

Saturated- contains all the solute than can be dissolved without changing the temperature

Concentrated- larger amount of solute than in saturated

Dilute- small amount of solute

*Water is the universal solvent

Ch. 11 Matter and its properties Study Guide

Short answer: You will be required to write the answers to short answer questions in complete sentences. You will also be required to restate the question. Examples of physical properties: o Objects mass o Volume o Color o Odor o Phase at room temperature

Facts about the 3 states of matter: Solids

o Have a definite shape and volume o Particles vibrate in place o Particles are very tight together o As it warms up, it melts

Liquids o Do not have their own shape o Take on the shape of their container o Have a definite volume o Particles move faster than they do in a solid

Gas o Particles are very far apart o Does not have a definite shape and volume

Formulas:

Volume: L x W x H= Length x width x height