science instruction by inquiry: d. livelybrooks, j. baxter university of oregon
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Science Instruction by Inquiry:
D. Livelybrooks, J. BaxterUniversity of Oregon
http://thaiuo.uoregon.edu/inquiry.html
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Science by Inquiry
• Inquiry defined
• Example: World Cup Soccer Kick
• Mathematical opportunities in statistics and data analysis
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Inquiry Defined
Learn & use scientific processes:
• Pose question, identify variables
• Refine into a hypothesis
• Make a prediction
• Experiment to test prediction
• Revise hypothesis if necessary
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Example: WorldCup Soccer Kick
Ask a question.
Review prior knowledge.• Energy conservation• Momentum conservation• Newton’s Laws
Pose hypothesis predict.
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Hypothesis:
• x v;
• KE h v2;
• ergo, x2 h
Expect doubling h results in x sqrt(2)
Example: WorldCup Soccer Kick
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Example: WorldCup Soccer Kick
A hypothesis and prediction involve:
• Independent variable (height)
• Dependent variable (ball distance)
• Constant variables (mass, etc.)
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Collect Data
Multiple trials– each ‘foot’ height.
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Math Analysis
Mathematical opportunities in statistics and data analysis:• Represent data• Describe data• Interpret data
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Table, Data
height (m) distance (m)
0.085 0.21
0.085 0.85
0.085 0.24
0.085 0.210.085 0.22
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Bar Graph
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Series1 0.085 0.085 0.085 0.085 0.185 0.185 0.185 0.285 0.285 0.285
Series2 0.21 0.21 0.205 0.22 0.36 0.355 0.42 0.505 0.575 0.53
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28
.085 .185 .285 Initial height of 'foot' (m)
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X-Y Graph
World Cup Soccer Kicker
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
initial height of 'foot' (m)
ball travel distance (m)
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Describe Data
Mathematical Opportunities…• Range: variation• Mode: most frequent• Median: middle value• Mean: arithmetic average
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What if…?
Interpret data: What if…?• Interpolate values between
data points• Extrapolate values beyond
data points• Slope
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Video Analysis
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In Summary
Together, Science Inquiry andMathematical Opportunities:• Identify meaningful context• Pose hypothesis/conjecture• Collect data• Analyze data• Support or modify hypothesis
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Science Inquiry Guide
Designing the Investigation
Variable I will change (vary): Variable I will measure:Variables that are the same (fair test):• Safety• Materials• Procedures (describe steps; draw a picture of procedure)
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Science Instruction by Inquiry:
D. Livelybrooks, J. BaxterUniversity of Oregon
http://thaiuo.uoregon.edu/inquiry.html