science mission directorate suborbital sciences program uav opportunities conference akron, oh 27...
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Science MissionDirectorate
Suborbital Sciences Program
UAV Opportunities ConferenceAkron, OH 27 April 2005 Cheryl Yuhas
2
Suborbital Science Programs
Objectives
•Development of new space sensors and new remote-sensing techniques.
•Satellite calibration/validation.
• Targeted observations of ephemeral phenomena with variable temporal and spatial scales.
•Atmosphere/near-space in-situ observations.
•Improvement and validation of predictive Earth process models using satellite data.
•Next-generation scientists with hands-on sensor hardware and field experiment experience.
To understand and protect our home planet, we need data from multiple perspectives. Suborbital fills time and space gap between surface observing networks and orbital platforms.
Sounding Rocket Program
Balloon Program
Aircraft & UAV Programs
3
Suborbital (Aircraft/UAVs) Program
Catalog
Demonstrated or proven platforms from a variety of sources, selected based on 3-5 year science requirements.
New Technology Platforms
Finite (5-10yr) commitments (e.g. long-term leases) of experimental platforms & enabling technologies, to enable new science from new vantage points.
Science Missions & New Sensors
Integrated mission & field campaign management for all suborbital earth science missions; potential to include sensor development to accompany new platform capabilities.
Systematic meas. of atmosphere, ocean, and land surface parameters
“How Can Weather Forecast Duration and Reliability Be Improved By New Space-Based Observations, Assimilation, and Modeling?”
By 201
5: W
eath
er and sever
e sto
rm fore
casting should
be im
pro
ved
gre
atly:
•Hurricane landfa
ll accura
te enough for evacu
ation d
ecisio
ns
•Win
ter sto
rm h
aza
rds d
ete
rmin
e at lo
cal levels for appro
priate
mitig
ation
•Regio
nal fo
recasting o
f ra
in and snow acc
ura
te for econom
ic d
ecisio
ns
NASA/NOAA collaborative centers
Steady, evolutionary improvement in weather prediction accuracy due to ongoing model refinement in operational agencies, finer-scale model resolution, improved use of probabilistic and statistical forecasting aided by multiple-component ensemble initializations, and incorporation of radar and aircraft-measurements
Knowledge Bas
e
20022004 2007
NRA20062005
2010
NRA20112003 2012 2013 2014 2015 2008 2009
Weather satellite
sensor and technique
development; used by NOAA
Improvements require:
• Focused validation experiments
• New Technology
• Impact Assessments
Observations of tropical rainfall/energy release
High-resolution global measurements of temperature, moisture, cloud properties, and aerosols
Global monitoring of water, energy, clouds, and air quality/Operational prototype missions
Global tropospheric winds
Satellite-derived localized heating inputs will allow regional
models to have better predictive capabilities.
Use of NOAA operational models to optimize assimilation of NASA’s new satellite data will ensure realistic and accelerated use of new technology and techniques.
New, high-resolution temperature and moisture sounding will provide needed information to describe the atmospheric dynamics, cloud distributions for radiation modeling, aerosol concentrations for air quality projection, and better imagery of severe weather phenomena like hurricanes, floods, and snow/ice cover.
High-resolution sounding for fast forecast updates
Soil moisture
Funded
Unfunded
T
Proposed Global Precipitation
Continuous lightning
Improved Improved forecastsforecasts
Improved physical Improved physical & dynamical & dynamical processesprocesses
= Field Campaign
NRA
4
Suborbital Current Observing CapabilitiesAircraft/UAVs
DC8
GHPr
ALTUS-II
LALTUS-I
P3
0 4000 8000 12000Range (nm)
0
10
20
30A
ltit
ude
(km
)
Payload is proportional to font size (truncated at 2000 lb. and 600 lb.)Bold indicates payload greater than 2000 lb.
Tropical Tropopause
Polar Tropopause
Troposphere
Syn
opti
c S
cale
Pla
net
ary
Sca
le
Stratosphere
Wal
ker
Cir
cula
tion
ITC
Z W
idth
Mes
osca
le
Convective Detrainment
Boundary Layer
GH = Global Hawk
Pr = Proteus
L = Lear Jet
UAV
Performance Envelope
ALTAIR
WB57ER2
Cirrus
(ALTUS I)
(ALTUS II)(ALTAIR)
Newman & Schoeberl, GSFC
5
Aeronautics-Science Partnership for New Capabilities
0.1 day
1.0 day
10 day
100 day
Alti
tude
(kf
t)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
2.0 day
5.0 day
20 day
50 day
0.2 day
0.5 day
1000 kg
1 kg
1000 kg
200 kg
Current ROA Capability
Extended HALE ROA Requirements
300 kg
Endurance
4 kg
Piloted Aircraft Capability
200kg1
1000kg4
30kg2
200kg 3
50 kg
10,000kg6
7
10
9
17
14
150kg13
11
128 2000kg5
10,000kg15
3000kg19
200kg16
Current HALE UAV Platforms
Performance Objective #4:Heavy-Lifter
Performance Objective #1:
Storm Tracker
150kg21
150kg18
150kg20
200kg
200kg
Performance Objective #3:Global Ranger
Performance Objective #2:
Global Observer
0.1 day
1.0 day
10 day
100 day
Alti
tude
(kf
t)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Alti
tude
(kf
t)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
2.0 day
5.0 day
20 day
50 day
0.2 day
0.5 day
1000 kg
1 kg1 kg
1000 kg
200 kg
Current ROA Capability
Extended HALE ROA Requirements
300 kg300 kg
Endurance
4 kg
Piloted Aircraft Capability
200kg1
200kg1
1000kg4
1000kg4
30kg2
30kg2
200kg 3200kg 3
50 kg50 kg
10,000kg6
10,000kg6
77
1010
99
1717
1414
150kg13
150kg13
1111
121288 2000kg5 2000kg5
10,000kg15 10,000kg15
3000kg19 3000kg19
200kg16 200kg16
Current HALE UAV Platforms
Performance Objective #4:Heavy-Lifter
Performance Objective #1:
Storm Tracker
150kg21
150kg18
150kg20
150kg21 150kg21
150kg18 150kg18
150kg20 150kg20
200kg200kg
200kg
Performance Objective #3:Global Ranger
Performance Objective #2:
Global Observer
6
Results of SSMF Workshop
7
An Integrated Earth Observing System