5306

GS

C21

TIME

45 minutes.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces

provided at the top of this page.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.

Answer all seven questions.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The total mark for this paper is 45.

Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate

the marks awarded to each question or part question.

TotalMarks

71

Centre Number

Candidate Number

For Examiner’s use only

Question Marks

Number

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

General Certificate of Secondary Education

2009–2010

Science: Single Award (Modular)

Human Activity and HealthModule 2

Foundation Tier

[GSC21]

TUESDAY 17 NOVEMBER 2009, MORNING

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1 (a) (i) Tobacco smoke contains substances that are harmful to the body.

Using lines, link each harmful substance shown with its effect.

One effect will not be used.

Harmful substance in tobacco smoke

Effect

causes lung diseases

such as bronchitis

nicotine

causes sleepiness

tar

is addictive

[2]

(ii) Another harmful substance in tobacco smoke reduces the ability of

the blood to carry oxygen. Name this substance.

Choose from:

nitrogen : carbon dioxide : carbon monoxide

___________________________________________________[1]

(b) Cannabis is another substance that is commonly used.

Circle the statement below that is true about cannabis.

It is free on the National Health Service (NHS)

It is legal to use cannabis

It can cause mental health problems in some people

[1]

BLANK PAGE

(Questions continue overleaf)

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2 (a) (i) Complete the sentences below.

Choose from:

competition : changes : few :

many : gamma : UV :

Sunlight and sun-beds in tanning studios produce _____________

rays which can be dangerous for the body. If the body is exposed

to too ______________ of these rays, skin cancer can result.

Skin cancer is caused by ______________ in the chromosomes

of the cells in the skin. [3]

(ii) Suggest why a person’s head and neck are the parts of the body

most affected by skin cancer.

___________________________________________________[1]

(b) The following table shows the number of cases of skin cancer being

treated by one hospital in Britain over a twenty year period.

YearNumber of cases

of skin cancer

1985 25

1990 28

1995 33

2000 48

2005 60

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(i) Use the information in the table to plot a line graph on the grid

below.

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Cases

of

skin

cancer

[2]

(ii) Suggest one reason why the number of cases of skin cancer is

increasing.

___________________________________________________[1]

BLANK PAGE

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3 (a) The following table shows how the number of plants in a pot affects

the average mass per plant.

Number of plantsper pot

Average massper plant/g

1 19

2 17

3

4 13

5 11

(i) Complete the table above by suggesting an average mass when

there are 3 plants per pot. Write your answer in the results table.

[1]

(ii) The average mass per plant decreases because the plants are

competing for resources. Name one thing that the plants are

competing for.

Choose from:

carbon monoxide : water : heat

____________________ [1]

(iii) Give two things that had to be done during the experiment to make

the results reliable.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________[2]

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(b) Rhododendrons are plants that can affect other plants growing near

them as shown in the diagram below.

Sun

Light

Roots release poisons that stop the roots of other plants growing

Deep shade Deep shade

(i) Use the diagram and your knowledge to describe two ways in

which rhododendron affects other plants.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________[2]

© CCEA

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(ii) How will rhododendron affect the number of other plants growing

around them?

Choose from:

they will increase

they will decrease

they will stay the same

___________________________________________________[1]

(iii) Rhododendron spreads quickly and affects other species. What

term describes species that do this?

Circle the correct answer.

recessive species

competitive invasive species

non-competitive invasive species

[1]

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4 (a) Louis Pasteur was a famous scientist who showed that contamination

of food was caused by microbes. The following diagram shows how he

did this.

Both flasks left for two weeks at 10 °C

Swan neck

Soup

Neck of flask broken off

Soup has gone cloudySoup has remained fresh

(i) Describe the results shown above.

_____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________[1]

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(ii) Explain these results.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________[2]

(iii) Give one piece of evidence from the information provided that

helps make the results reliable.

___________________________________________________[1]

(b) Microbes can also cause disease. Name a disease not caused by a

virus.

Choose from:

rubella thrush cold polio

______________________ [1]

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5 (a) The corncrake is a bird that is at risk of extinction.

(i) What word is used to describe animals that are at risk of

extinction?

Choose from:

disadvantaged endangered sustainable

___________________________________________________[1]

© Michael Callan/Frank Lane Picture Agency/CORBIS

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The following pie-chart provides information about bird species that

are at risk of extinction or have recently become extinct.

70%

Key

Not at risk

of extinction

At risk of

extinction

Recently

extinct

18%

(ii) Calculate the percentage of bird species that are recently extinct. Show your working.

__________________ % [2]

(iii) Suggest two reasons why some bird species become extinct.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________[2]

(b) Some types of British fish are in danger of becoming extinct through

over-fishing. Give two things that are being done to reduce the number

of fish caught.

1. ______________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________[2]

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6 (a) Describe how the mucous membranes in the nasal cavity (nose) protect

against disease.

_________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________[2]

(b) The diagram below shows how the antibody level in the body changed

after a vaccination. It also shows that immunity was not achieved.

Level of antibodies

needed to produce immunity

Level

of

antibodies

Time

Vaccination

(i) Suggest one thing that should have been done to ensure that

enough antibodies were produced to achieve immunity.

___________________________________________________[1]

(ii) Describe and explain how a vaccination works.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________[3]

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(c) Explain why someone travelling to Africa for the first time may be

given travel vaccinations before they go.

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________[2]

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7 (a) The picture below shows lichens growing on an oak tree.

The following graph shows how the amount of acid rain and the

number of lichens on oak trees changed over a forty year period.

1960 1980 2000

Year

Acidrain

Lichens

(i) Use the graph to:

1. Describe the relationship between the amount of acid rain and

the number of lichens.

___________________________________________________

_________________________________________________[1]

2. Suggest one reason why someone might say there is something

other than acid rain affecting the lichens.

___________________________________________________

_________________________________________________[1]

© Wildscape/Alamy

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(ii) Suggest one reason why acid rain pollution is decreasing.

___________________________________________________[1]

(iii) Lichens are biotic pollution monitors. Explain what is meant by

the term biotic.

___________________________________________________[1]

(b) Carbon dioxide is another form of air pollution that causes global

warming. Describe how carbon dioxide causes global warming.

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________[2]

THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for.In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEAwill be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified.

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