Scientific Management

JEET SHAH

BBA I

43

Introduction It was introduced by Frederick Winslow

Taylor.It is also known as Taylorism.F.W.Taylor is also known as “Father of

Scientific Management.”Main objective was improving

economic efficiency, especially labor productivity.

It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.

Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856 – 1915)

FeaturesSystematic, analytical and objective

approach to solve industrial problems.Scientific techniques in method of work,

recruitment, selection and training of workers.

To discover the best method of doing a work at the cheapest cost.

Emphasis on all factors of production, men, material and technology.

A complete change in the mental attitude of workers as well as the management.

Principles of Management Scientific task-setting and rate

setting Scientific selection, placement

and training of workers Standardisation and

simplification Specialisation Introduction of cost accountingMental Revolution-New mental

attitude

Benefits Increase in Production & Productivity Reduction in Cost of Production Better Quality Products Benefits of Division of Labour Mutual Co-operation between Labour

& Management Proper Selection & Training of

Workers Better Utilisation of Resources Gains to Consumers, Nation &

Owners

ApplicationsTaylor himself suggested that “The

principles can be applied with equal force to the following activities : -

Social ActivitiesManagement of our :-• Homes• Business • Churches• Philanthropic Institutions• Universities & Govt Departments.

• Taylor have also mentioned about various studies. They are

Work Study-Close analysis of a given piece of work in order to eliminate every unnecessary operation in order to approach the quickest and best method.

Method Study-Preliminary survey of production process so as to familiarize the investigator with the tools, methods and operations.

Motion Study-It is a study of the movement, of an operator (or even of a machine) in performing an operation with the purpose of eliminating useless motions.

Time study-Art of recording and observing time required to do each operation.

Fatigue Study- If, a standard task is set without providing for measures to eliminate fatigue, it may either be beyond the workers or the workers may over strain themselves to attain it. It is necessary, therefore, to regulate the working hours and provide for rest pauses at scientifically determined intervals.

Rate Setting- In this the workers are paid according to the work they have done.

Criticisms Worker’s Criticisms Employer’s Criticisms Psychologists' Criticisms Theoretical Objections