scientific revolution 1500-1700 influenced by the renaissance spirit –spirit of curiosity...
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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION1500-1700
• Influenced by the Renaissance spirit– spirit of curiosity– encouraged to study natural world– questioned long-held beliefs– developed a split between science
and religion
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Developed Scientific Method•Logical procedure for
gathering and testing data–state the problem–form a hypothesis–experiment–draw conclusions
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•Traditional beliefs - Greeks•Aristarchus
–“Sun-centered” theory
•Ptolemy–“earth-centered” theory
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Traditional beliefs
•Church view of universe from 200 AD on was geocentric
•earth -center of universe - sinful, heavy, unique, special
•Heaven is around earth, –planets and sun - perfect– things move @ earth in perfect circles
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Copernicus 1473 -1543
• Polish astronomer• Studied Aristarchus and thought
he was right• Wrote On the Revolution of the
Heavenly Spheres, • published in 1543 - supported
HELIOCENTRIC THEORY
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COPERNICUS
• Also said the earth rotated on its axis - was not stationary
• Earth revolved around the sun in perfect circles
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Tycho Brahe 1546 - 1601
•Danish astronomer•built observatory•recorded what he saw
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Johannes Kepler 1571 - 1638
• Brahe’s assistant• used his records to prove
Copernicus’ theory• said planets revolve around the
sun in ellipses• used mathematics to prove it
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Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642
• Gave visual proof to Copernicus’ theory
• used telescope (popularized its use)– showed not all heavenly bodies
revolve around the earth– moon had rough, broken surface,
jagged mountains– sun had spots
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Galileo
• Put on trial and condemned by Church
• Forced to recant– “And yet it moves”
• Also developed – principle of the pendulum– law of motion - objects fall at the same
speed– natural state of an object is motion
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Ambrose Pare
•French physician•developed ointment to apply
to wounds to prevent infections
•developed stitches
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek1632 - 1723
•Dutch cloth merchant•developed microscope
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Andreas Vesalius
•Studied human anatomy•wrote On the Fabric of the
Human Body
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William Harvey
•English physician•said blood circulated through
the body•heart pumps it
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•Farenheit –German physicist, created the first mercury thermometer ,32 - freezing
•Celcius–Swedish astronomer, created a scalee for mercury thermometer, 0 - freezing
•Torricelli–developed the first mercury barometer