scm612 - apo transportation planning - vehicle scheduling (tp-vs)

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SAP AG 2002

SCM612 APO Transportation Planning and Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS)

APO Transportation Planning / Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS)

APO Transportation Planning / Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS)

SCM612SCM612

SAP AG 2002

! R/3 System Release 4.6C and APO Release 3.0A ! Collection 22 ! Material number: 5005 7636

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Copyright 2002 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

All rights reserved.

Copyright

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Course Prerequisites

# Required Prerequisites:! LO611 Transportation

! AP010 APO Overview

# Recommended:! Knowledge of Supply Chain Theory

! Knowledge of basic transportation planningand execution processes

! AP205 APO Master Data Integration

! LO610 Delivery Processes

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Target Audience

# Participants! Project team members responsible for the

implementation of APO TP/VS

! SAP consultants and SAP partners

# Duration: 3 days

User notes:

! These training materials are not a teach-yourself program. They complement the explanations provided by your course instructor. Space is provided on each page for you to note down additional information.

! There may not be sufficient time during the course to complete all the exercises. The exercises provide additional examples that are covered during the course. You can also work through these examples in your own time to increase your understanding of the topics.

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(C) SAP AG SCM612 1-1

SAP AG 2002

! Course Goals

! Course Objectives

! Course Content

! Main Business Scenario

Contents:

Course Overview

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Course Goal

This course will provide you with:

! An introduction to the APO tool and its various components

! An understanding of the Master Data requirements and integration between APO TP/VS and an R/3 System (or other external system)

! Detailed knowledge of the Transportation Planning/ Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS) component of APO

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! Use the TP/VS component of APO to plan both inbound and outbound shipments.

! Create the necessary integration models to communicate data between an R/3 System and the APO TP/VS component.

! Make the necessary customizing settings required to perform transportation planning, vehicle scheduling, and carrier selection in the TP/VS environment

! Use the various monitoring tools available to TP/VS

Course Objectives

At the conclusion of this course, you will be able to:

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Course Content

Unit 1 Course Overview

Unit 2 Transportation Processes Overview

Unit 3 R/3 Transportation Processing Overview

Unit 4 APO Oveview

Unit 5 APO Integration and Master Data

Unit 6 APO TP/VS Master Data

Unit 7 Models and Planning Versions

Unit 8 Transfer of Transaction Data

Unit 9 Monitoring and Error Handling

Unit 10 Vehicle Scheduling (VS) Basic Settings

Unit 11 Vehicle Scheduling (VS)

Unit 12 Carrier Selection

Unit 13 Additional Topics

Unit 14 TP/VS Monitoring

Unit 15 Conclusion

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! As a member of the project team of a company that manufactures and sells computers and related components, you are responsible for the implementation of the APO TP/VS component that is to be interfaced with an SAP R/3 System.

! Your task is to integrate the APO TP/VS environment with your R/3 System by making the necessary customizing settings, creating the Integration models to transfer the necessary master and transaction data, and establishing the TP/VS models to perform the short to intermediate transportation planning for your company.

Main Business Scenario

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! The Transportation Management System (TMS)

! R/3 System Logistics processes

! Transportation planning and execution with the R/3 System

! Transportation planning with TP/VS

Transportation Processes Overview

Contents:

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! Define processes related to transportation planning

! Identify the R/3 System documents that are related to transportation planning

! Understand planning in the R/3 System vs. planning in APO TP/VS

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Transportation Processes: Unit Objectives

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! It is important to understand the fundamental business processes related to transportation planning and execution. These processes must be viewed from a transportation planners perspective.

Transportation Processes : Business Scenario

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Logistics Execution and the Supply Chain

Production warehouse

Distribution center

Production facilities

Customer

Border

Vendor

Warehouse

" The Logistics Execution (LE) component models the logistics processes of a company. It covers the entire process chain from the vendor through the warehouses, production facilities, and distribution centers to the customer.

" These processes include: $ The goods receipt process: Goods pickup from the vendor and putaway $ The goods issue process: Picking and outbound delivery of the goods to the customer $ Internal warehouse processes such as posting changes, stock transfers, and inventory $ The transportation process: Inbound and outbound shipments and shipment cost calculation and

settlement

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LESBW, SCEM

APO-TP/VS (Planning)

(Execution)(Monitoring)

Transportation Management System (TMS)

" Closed feedback loop between planning, execution, and monitoring. " Fast and simple information exchange. " Monitoring of all processes. " Short and long term decision support. " Together TP/VS, LES and BW, and Supply Chain Event Management deliver a comprehensive

solution for Transportation Management within Supply Chain Management.

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From plant to customer Outbound shipmentsFrom plant to customer Outbound shipments

Transportation processing refers to the shipment of

goods ...

Transportation processing refers to the shipment of

goods ...

From plant to plant Shipment for stock transferFrom plant to plant Shipment for stock transfer

From vendor to plant Inbound shipmentsFrom vendor to plant Inbound shipments

Transportation Processing in R/3

" A shipment is a collection of inbound or outbound deliveries that are shipped together. The inbound or outbound deliveries of the shipment have the same shipping characteristics.

" Effective transportation processing is required so that deliveries are shipped on time and are received on schedule at the customer's site.

" The R/3 Transportation application component provides essential functions for transportation and shipment cost processing for goods issues and goods receipts.

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Shipments in R/3 Logistics Execution

POprocessing

Inbounddelivery

Goods receipt

Invoice verification

Sales order processing

Outbounddelivery

Goodsissue

Billing

Inbound shipment

Outbound shipment

MM ordering SD order processing

LE Logistics Execution

Vendor Customer

" Inbound shipments are an integral part of the process chain in Procurement (MM Purchasing) and are processed based on inbound deliveries. They are required for transportation planning.

" The basis of the procurement process is the purchase order. The subsequent document is the inbound delivery that is used by the vendor to confirm the delivery. The inbound delivery is an R/3 document and is created with reference to the purchase order.

" The inbound delivery is the basis for creating the inbound shipment (the shipment of the ordered goods from the vendor to the company's plant).

" Goods receipt is then posted. Invoice verification completes the purchasing process. " The basis of the Sales and Distribution (SD) process is the sales order. The subsequent document is the

outbound delivery, which documents the shipping of the goods. " Outbound shipments are part of the SD process and are processed based on outbound deliveries. " The outbound delivery is the basis for creating the outbound shipment (the shipment of the goods

from the company's plant to the customer). " Goods issue is then posted and the invoice is created. " Shipment documents can also be created for stock transfers between plants.

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R/3 Transportation and Shipment Cost Processing

Create shipmentdocument

Process shipment:planning & completion

Create shipment costdocument

Calculate shipment costs

Transfer shipment costs;settle with service agent

Monitor shipment:lists & shipment info

Transportation processing

Shipment cost processing

Bill shipment coststo customer

" R/3 transportation and shipment cost processing includes transportation processing, shipment cost calculation, and shipment cost settlement.

" A shipment document is created based on the inbound or outbound deliveries. " Other shipment processing activities include shipment planning and completion. The tasks are

associated with both planning and executing. " Tools are available to support shipment monitoring during planning and execution. They include lists,

graphical transportation information, and the transportation information system (TIS). " Shipment cost processing begins with the creation of the shipment cost document. " The shipment costs are automatically calculated in this document. " The costs are transferred so that accruals can be posted and assignments made in Controlling (CO). " Settlement is completed with the service agents through the payment of the invoice or creation of a

credit memo. " You can copy the costs resulting from the shipment and calculated in the shipment cost document into

customer billing documents, and thus include the costs of transportation in the customer.

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R/3 and APO Integration Architecture

Sales andDistribution

FI / CO APOTP/VS

B usines s W are hou se

T ra c k in gSe rve r

Sales Orders

Deliveries andShipments

MaterialsManagement

ForeignTrade

Transportation Processing

Purchase OrdersStock Transport Orders

WarehouseManagement

LES

Account DeterminationFreight Costs

Carrier Settlement

Customer Settlement

Goods Issue

Documentation

Import Data

Freight Costs

InboundOutbound

Freight Costs

Supply ChainEvent Manager

" Integrating APO TP/VS and R/3 provides the ability to perform short to intermediate term transportation planning that optimizes the inbound and outbound transportation demand.

" In this scenario, TP/VS is used to perform the transportation planning and R/3 is used for transportation execution.

" Additional functions, such as Event Manager and Business Warehouse reporting, can be provided in the R/3 and APO architecture.

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Transportation Management

Shipper CarrierShipper /Carrier

Exchange TransportationRequirements

Collaborate onExceptions

Execute Shipment

Vehicle Scheduling

Create Orders

Vehicle Scheduling/Transfer Data to R/3


Create PlannedShipments Including

PlannedDeliveries

Carrier Selection/Tendering

Carrier Selection/Tendering Routing/Scheduling

" The target of the transportation planning process is to optimize the inbound or outbound transportation demand between a plant/DC and different other locations, such as suppliers and customers. The optimization covers the companys own fleet as well as carrier vehicles. Carrier selection can be executed to select carriers based on least cost, business share, or priority.

" The Transportation Management scenario comprises the following main processes: $ Document entry $ Consolidation of transportation demand $ Interactive Vehicle Scheduling $ Carrier Selection $ Collaborative Transportation Planning $ Transfer Deliveries and Shipments to R/3 $ Execute Shipment in R/3 by picking and packing deliveries, goods issue posting, set status shipment

end, and archive shipments

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Vehicle Scheduling

Routing/Scheduling

Create Orders



Create PlannedShipments incl. Planned

Deliveries



Routing/Scheduling

Execute Shipment

Create Orders in R/3 System

" Different types of orders are first created in the R/3 system. These orders (sales orders, purchase orders, stock transfer orders, and so on) build the transportation demand for APO TP/VS.

" Delivery and Shipment documents created in the R/3 system can also be used to build the transportation demand.

" The transportation demand can be transferred from R/3 via integration model (CIF) into APO or is generated directly in the APO system (for example, as a result of the TLB run). The ATP check is performed out of the R/3 into APO for sales orders. Additional data is brought over from R/3 to APO and stored in database tables. This additional information can then be used in the TMS-process for special handling, instructions, compatibilities, and so on.

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Transportation Planning: Outbound Process

Shipment with

Deliveries

Orders CreateDemands at Locations

Deliveries

Create

Planned Delivery Items

Add. Data

Add. Data

Create

Update

Update

- Selection- Consolidation,

scheduling, and buildingplanned shipments

- Rescheduling of orders- Carrier Selection

Plan material and source

Checks

Checks

Mid

-and

sho

rt-te

rm o

ptim

izat

ion

Planned Shipments including

Planned Deliveries resp.Planned Delivery Items

" Sales orders, outbound deliveries, and shipments can be used to create transportation demand in TP/VS.

" Using sales order data, TP/VS planning process creates planned delivery and shipment documents in the R/3 system.

" The TP/VS planning process does not make any changes to the sales documents in the R/3 system. " Generally, transportation-related changes made to an R/3 document are updated in the corresponding

TP/VS document.

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Transportation Planning: Inbound Process

Shipment with

Deliveries

Demands

DeliveriesPlanned Shipments

including Planned Deliveries

Create

Planned Delivery Items /Purchase requisitions

Add. Data

Add. Data

Create

Update

Update

Group according to planned shipments

Production planning and sourcing

Checks

Checks

Mid

and

sho

rt-te

rm o

ptim

izat

ion

Purchase Orders

Checks

CreateUpdate

PurchaseRequisiton

Create

Add. Data

" Purchase Orders, Stock Transport Orders, Inbound Deliveries, and Shipment documents are used to plan inbound transportation demand.

" When Purchase Orders/Stock Transport Orders are provided to TP/VS for planning, TP/VS will create the Inbound Delivery and Inbound Shipment document data for the R/3 System.

" Transportation demands from Supply Network Planning (SNP) are also created in TP/VS for planning. " Transportation-relevant changes made to an R/3 document are updated in the corresponding TP/VS

document.

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Transportation Planning: Change Process

Shipment with

Deliveries

Orders Update Demands

Deliveries

Planned Shipments and

Planned Deliveries

Planned DeliveriesUpdate

UpdateManualchanges

Manualchanges

New

opt

imiz

atio

n ru

n

Update

Update

" Transportation planning-relevant changes made to any R/3 document that has a corresponding TP/VS document are made to those documents.

" A shipment in the APO system changes its status if you change documents in the R/3 System that are contained in a planned shipment in the APO System.

" Note: You can find a process list with the expected behavior of the APO System when changing the planning objects in the OLTP system in note 362445.

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" Consolidation of transportation demand in APO TP/VS

" Assignment of orders to vehicle resources, manually or using the optimizer

" Transfer orders into planned shipments




Vehicle Scheduling

Routing/Scheduling

Create Orders



Create PlannedShipments including

PlannedDeliveries



Routing/Scheduling

Execute Shipment

Vehicle Scheduling (VS)

" The next step is the consolidation of transportation demand in APO. In the unassigned freight units view in the vehicle scheduling planning board the transportation demand (sales orders, purchase orders, and stock transfer orders) is visible. The orders in this area are not assigned to a resource and have to be planned now.

" There are two ways to assign the transportation demand to the resources, manually and by using the optimizer. To assign a transportation demand manually to a vehicle resource you have to select the relevant resource first and then choose the unassigned orders which you want to plan on this resource.

" The optimizer takes all unassigned orders and unreleased shipments into consideration. The following criteria is taken into account: $ Departure from and return to depot $ Loading and unloading time $ Order consolidation $ Cost minimization of shipment time $ Cost minimization of distance $ Costs for earliness/delay $ Costs for non-delivery $ Shipment fixed costs

" The resources are planned now and the orders are changed into planned shipments.

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" Assignment of shipments to carrier%Manually or using a carrier

selection profile




Vehicle Scheduling

Routing/Scheduling

Create Orders




Deliveries


Routing/Scheduling

Execute Shipment

Carrier Selection

" After the planning is settled, the planned shipments are assigned to certain carriers. The carrier selection is executed manually for each carrier or automatically via a selection profile containing several carriers.

" Carrier selection $ Checks availability and compatibilities $ Processes:

- Cost-based: Rules of freight cost engine will be taken from LES or you can maintain costs in the APO system on the transportation lane

- Business share: Balancing of business share to fulfill contracts - Priorities: Carrier with high priority will be chosen $ User can choose the sequence of processes

" After the carrier selection is done the shipments are ready to be released or published. Publication allows the planning result to be accepted as final and the shipment is prepared for transfer to the OLTP system. Released shipments will not be deleted when doing a new optimization run.

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" The transfer is triggered from the Interactive Vehicle Scheduling Board via the GOTO-functions" Transfer deliveries to R/3:

GOTO & OLTP generation of deliveries" Prepare shipment transfer:

GOTO & Check release of planned shipments

" Transfer shipments to R/3:GOTO & Transfer planned shipments to OLTP




Vehicle Scheduling

Routing/Scheduling

Create Orders



Deliveries


Routing/Scheduling

Execute Shipment

Transfer of Data to R/3

" After releasing the shipments, the OLTP transfer of deliveries and shipments is enabled. Now the transfer of the planned shipments to the R/3 System can be triggered from the interactive vehicle scheduling board.

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! Describe processes related to transportation planning

! Identify the R/3 System documents that are related to transportation planning

! Understand planning in the R/3 System vs. planning in APO TP/VS

You are now able to:

Transportation Processes : Unit Summary

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Exercises

Unit: Transportation Processes Overview

At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:

Describe the Transportation Management System functions.

List the documents that are used in the TMS components.

Outline the functions provided by the APO TP/VS planning component.

A business transportation functions can be divided into two fundamental steps: planning and execution. In an R/3 (OLTP) and APO environment, the planning step is carried out in APO and the execution step is performed in the R/3 (OLTP) System. It is important to understand the functions provided in each system, in order to perform these steps.

1-1 Select the process(es) that are not part of the Logistics Execution (LE) component of R/3:

a) Transportation process

b) Internal warehouse process

c) Material Requirements Planning (MRP)

d) Goods issue process

e) Goods receipt process

f) Production Planning process

1-2 _______________________ shipments are an integral part of the process chain in Procurement and are created from __________________ ________________ documents.

1-3 _______________________ shipments are created from _______________________ delivery documents that are generated from sales orders.

1-4 True or False. Delivery documents must be created before shipment documents can be created.

1-5 True or False. Shipment costing is required for each shipment document.

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1-6 R/3 transportation and shipment cost processing includes:

a) _________________________________________________________

b) _________________________________________________________

c) _________________________________________________________

1-7 True or False. The goal of the transportation planning process is to optimize the inbound and outbound transportation demand between the plant/DC and other locations such as customers, suppliers and other plants/DCs.

1-8 Which of the following criteria does the TP/VS Optimizer take into account during transportation planning:

a) Shipment fixed costs

b) Cost minimization of distance

c) Order consolidation

d) Loading and unloading time

e) Cost minimization of distance

f) Goods issue date

g) Costs for non-delivery

h) Distance in the delivery route code

1-9 During Carrier Selection, TP/VS can select carriers based on the following:

a) Vehicle capacities (weight, volume, number of pallets, and so on)

b) Availability and compatibility of products

c) Contract terms

d) Priority of carrier

e) Business share

f) Carrier quality / service performance rating

g) Costs

1-10 True or False. Sales order and Purchase order demand must be used for APO TP/VS planning of outbound and inbound shipments, respectively.

1-11 What function triggers the transfer of planned deliveries and shipments?

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Solutions

Unit: Transportation Processes Overview

1-1 Select the process(es) that are not part of the Logistics Execution (LE) component of R/3:

Material Requirements Planning and the Production Planning process are not part of the LE component.

1-2 Inbound shipments are an integral part of the process chain in Procurement and are created from Inbound Delivery documents.

1-3 Outbound shipments are created from Outbound delivery documents that are generated from sales orders.

1-4 True. Delivery documents must be created before shipment documents can be created.

1-5 False. Shipment costing is not required for each shipment document.

1-6 R/3 transportation and shipment cost processing includes:

a) Transportation processing

b) Shipment cost calculation

c) Shipment cost settlement

1-7 True. The goal of the transportation planning process is to optimize the inbound and outbound transportation demand between the plant/DC and other locations such as customers, suppliers, and other plants/DCs.

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1-8 Which of the following criteria does the TP/VS Optimizer take into account during transportation planning:

a) Shipment fixed costs

b) Cost minimization of distance

c) Order consolidation

d)Loading and unloading time

e) Cost minimization of distance

g) Costs for non-delivery

1-9 During Carrier Selection, TP/VS can select carriers based on the following:

a) Vehicle capacities (weight, volume, number of pallets, and so on)

b) Availability and compatibility of products

d) Priority of carrier

e) Business share

g) Costs

1-10 False. Sales order and Purchase order demand does not have to be used for APO TP/VS planning of outbound and inbound shipments, respectively.

1-11 The transfer of planned deliveries and shipments are triggered by the GOTO function.

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! Organizational Units in Transportation

! Shipment document structure and control

! Shipment costing

! Basic R/3 to APO TP/VS interface settings

R/3 Transportation Overview

Contents:

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! Explain the organizational units related to R/3 System transportation

! Describe the structure of the shipment document and its functions

! Identify and locate important information in the shipment document

! Describe the processes related to R/3 System freight costing

! Explain the purpose, structure and processes related to the shipment cost document

! Make the basic customizing and master data settings to interface an R/3 System with an APO TP/VS System

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

R/3 Transportation Processing Overview: Unit Objectives

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! The computer manufacturer will utilize the APO TP/VS component to plan shipments for goods to be received from suppliers and to be shipped to its customers.

! Although the planning function is done using TP/VS, the execution of the shipments will be made using the R/3 transportation application.

! The primary document used in these processes is the shipment document. Project team members have to understand its structure, functions, and the information it contains.

! The manufacturer will also use the R/3 System shipment costing function to compute the freight costs related to the shipments.

R/3 Transportation Processing Overview: Business Scenario

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! Name the organizational units that are used in R/3 System transportation processing and execution

Organizational Units in Transportation : Topic Objectives

At the conclusion of this topic, you will be able to:

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Organizational Units in Transportation

Storage location

ABBC

B

Plant

Shipping point

12 3

45 67

8 910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

Loading pointWarehouse number

Company code

Transportation planning point

Inventory management / stockkeeping

Shipping / transportation

" Transportation processing requires several organizational units. These units reflect the organizational structure of the company.

" A company code is a self-contained unit with its own financial accounting. The company code is the element for which a complete set of accounts is drawn up (a subsidiary within a group, for example).

" Plants are elements that subdivide a company code from a logistics standpoint. A plant produces goods or provides goods for distribution (production plant and distribution center, for example). Each plant is assigned to a single company code.

" In terms of Inventory Management, plants are subdivided into one or more storage locations (for example, raw material storage area, finished products storage area, or open storage area).

" By assigning plant-storage location combination(s) to a warehouse number, you establish the link between Inventory Management and Warehouse Management.

" The most important organizational element for shipping is the shipping point. It reflects the location or the group of people that is responsible for carrying out shipping activities. Each delivery is processed by a single shipping point. A shipping point is assigned to one or more plants. A shipping point can be further subdivided into loading points.

" Transportation planning points process shipments. They are assigned to one company code and are not linked to the other organizational units.

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The Transportation Planning Point

Transportationplanning points

1010Hamburg

Internationalshipment by

sea

1011Hamburg

Railshipments

1200Dresden

TruckShipments

Planning andprocessingshipments

Company code

" The transportation planning point is the central point within the company that plans, processes, and monitors shipments. It can be a location or a group of people responsible for processing.

" Each shipment is created and processed by a single transportation planning point. " You can freely define the transportation planning points to meet your corporate requirements (for

example, in terms of the location or the mode of transport). " The transportation planning point is defined for a specific company code in Customizing. This

assignment of the planning point to the company code is important for shipment cost calculation and settlement.

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Strabourg

Frankfurt

Nuremberg

Munich

Praha

Cologne

Trade center

Vienna

Border

Strasbourg

Frankfurt

Nuremberg

Munich

Prague

Route

Stage

Route

Stage

Cologne

Trade center

Vienna

Border

Route Definition

" A route is the journey to be covered between a departure point and a destination and is represented by the route code.

" A route can be defined in great detail and consist of one or more individual stages, but it can also be a general description or even simply a destination area.

" Like a shipment stage, a stage can be a leg, a load transfer point, or a border crossing point. " For example, the above route consists of five stages: three legs, one load transfer point, and one

border crossing point. " The route code is determined for each line item in a sales order and is copied into the header of the

outbound delivery document(s) created from the sales order. " Inbound delivery documents do not require a route code, but one may be entered manually. " The route code is not used by APO TP/VS because TP/VS determines the route stages based on the

planning criteria associated with transportation lanes. Routes in the R/3 System are only required to identify the transportation documents as relevant for shipment.

" Multimode APO transports or APO transports with transshipment points are created with several shipment stages in the R/3 System. In the R/3 System they are identified as generated manually.

" A transfer of the routes from the R/3 System to the APO System does not occur. Currently a report or something similar is not available.

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Factorycalendar

Shipping type

Transportationplanninglead time

Travel duration

Transit time

Transportationrelevance

DistanceDescription

Service agent

RouteRoute

Information in the Route

" You may define routes in Customizing or in LE master data maintenance. " A route code can contain a number of fields of information that are important to the shipment (for

example, distance, transportation lead time, travel duration, shipping type, and service agent). " When TP/VS is used for transportation planning, it will determine the route itinerary. Predefined

stages are not necessary for the route and should not be copied into the shipment document. " You set transportation relevance for the route in Customizing for Transportation. The route must

be set for transportation relevance if it is used in sales orders and deliveries planned in TP/VS.

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! Define the structure of the shipment document

! Describe the role of the shipment type

! List the basic shipment types

! Identify key information fields in the shipment document

! Explain the ways a shipment document can be created

Shipment Document: Topic Objectives


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The Shipment Document and its Functions

Record planned andactual dates/status

information

Record shipmentcharacteristics

Determine shipment stages

Grouping of inbound oroutbound deliveries in

shipments

Create output(EDI / documents)

04.06.12.06.

Shipment documentfunctions

Packing/loading

ServiceService agent

agentMode

ofMo

de of t

ranspo

rt

transpo

rt

Plan Act.C

B

A

" The shipment document is the central document that is used to model shipments in the R/3 System. It contains all information necessary for organizing and carrying out a shipment.

" The shipment document provides the following functions: $ Combining inbound deliveries to form inbound shipments $ Combining outbound deliveries to form outbound shipments $ Assigning service agents, modes of transport, shipment types, and so on $ Planning and monitoring deadlines $ Specifying shipment stages $ Cross-delivery packing and creation of shipping units $ Creating output and shipping papers $ Recording shipment-relevant texts $ Recording partner information

" Using TP/VS, shipments are created by combining deliveries within APO. Carriers and transportation methods are also assigned to the shipments. They are then transferred to the R/3 System. In the R/3 System, they contain the data maintained in APO.

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Structure of the Shipment Document

0000001234 Nordspeed 1000 18,586 0

0080004903 1200 8,386

0080004879 1000 3,200

0080004905 1000 7,000

TPPt: Wt/kgService agentShipments and deliveries ShPt

Shipmentheader:General data for theentire shipment

Items:Inbound oroutbound deliveries in theshipment

" The shipment document contains general data that applies to the whole document, such as shipment type, transportation planning point, route, deadlines, and status information. This information is displayed in the shipment header.

" Since the shipment is a collection of inbound or outbound deliveries that are shipped together, the items of the shipment correspond exactly to the inbound deliveries in the case of inbound shipments, and to the outbound deliveries in the case of outbound shipments.

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Shipment typeShipment typeShipment type

Leg indicator

Planning Profile

Split profile

Copying rule

Number assignment

Shipping type

Completion type

Texts

Output

Leg determination/stage selection

Update change documents?

Shipment Type

" The shipment type controls elements in the shipment document and represents a particular processing type for a shipment.

" Shipment type settings include: $ The leg determination type (automatic leg determination, for example) $ The completion type (loaded outbound shipment and inbound shipment, for example) $ The processing control (collective shipment using one mode of transport, for example) $ The service level (general cargo and grouped load, for example) $ The shipping type (truck, train, and mail, for example) $ The leg indicator (preliminary leg, subsequent leg, direct leg, for example) $ Copying data from preceding documents (unique forwarding agent and route, for example) $ Output determination and text determination procedure $ Default values for the shipment document (weight and volume unit and planning profile, for

example) " You can define your own shipment types to suit your own shipment requirements. " Shipment types created for APO TP/VS use must not have leg determination enabled.

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DELIVERY 2From : HamburgTo: Frankfurt

Load : B


Load : A

SHIPMENT

AABB

Individual Shipment

Hamburg

Frankfurt

Delivery 1,2

" An individual shipment has the following characteristics: $ One or more inbound or outbound deliveries are involved in the shipment $ There is one single point of departure and one single destination $ In most cases, only one mode of transport is used $ A shipment document is created

" In the standard system, shipment type 0001 is predefined. Important control parameters in Customizing include: $ Completion type: one = Loaded outbound shipment $ Processing control: one = Individual shipment using one mode of transport $ Leg indicator: four = Direct leg

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Load : B

DELIVERY 1From : HamburgTo: Stuttgart

Load : A

SHIPMENTHamburg

Frankfurt

AABB

Stuttgart

Delivery 1AA

Collective Shipment

Delivery 1.2

" A collective shipment has the following characteristics: $ One or more inbound or outbound deliveries are involved in the shipment $ There are one or more points of departure and one or more destinations $ In most cases, only one mode of transport is used $ A shipment document is created

" In the standard system, shipment type 0002 is predefined. Important control parameters in Customizing include: $ Completion type: one = Loaded outbound shipment $ Processing control: three = Collective shipment using one mode of transport $ Leg indicator: four = Direct leg

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Delivery 3-6

Shipment 1

Rotterdam New York Harbor

Shipment 3

Delivery 1-6

Dresden Boston Philadelphia

Preliminary legs

Main legSubsequent legs

Shipment 5

Delivery 3

Shipment 6

Delivery 4-6

Shipment 4

Transportation Chain

Hamburg

Delivery 1.2

Shipment 2

Delivery 1.2

" A transportation chain supports the shipment of inbound or outbound deliveries for which several modes of transport are to be used. This means that the deliveries are involved in various subsequent shipments.

" A transportation chain has the following characteristics: $ One or more deliveries are involved in several shipments. $ There are one or more points of departure and one or more destinations. $ Various modes of transport can be used. $ Several shipment documents are created: preliminary legs, main legs, and subsequent legs. Special

shipment types are available for this in the system. " Example of a transportation chain: $ The computer manufacturer ships deliveries from Dresden and Hamburg to Boston and

Philadelphia $ The deliveries from Dresden and Hamburg are shipped separately by truck or rail to Rotterdam:

Leg indicator one = Preliminary leg $ In Rotterdam, the deliveries are loaded together and shipped to New York: Leg indicator two =

Main leg $ In New York, the deliveries are again shipped separately by truck to Boston and by rail to

Philadelphia: Leg indicator three = Subsequent leg " APO TP/VS does not support the creation of transportation chains; however, various multi-modal

shipment scenarios can be modeled by TP/VS.

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Delivery type Delivery item category

Out. delivery LF %

Cash sale BV

Out. delivery EL %

Standard item TAN %

Text item TATX

Out. delivery ELN %

Route of the delivery

Route HH - F %

Route HH - M %

Northern route

Transportation Relevance

Out. delivery LF

Transportation planning status = A

Route HH - F

" The transportation relevance of the delivery type, the delivery item category, and the route in the delivery controls whether or not a shipment can be created.

" The delivery type must be set as relevant for transportation so that a shipment can be created. " Similarly, at least one delivery item category in the delivery must be relevant for transportation. " The outbound delivery must contain a route code that is relevant for transportation (does not apply

to inbound deliveries). A route is defined as the connection between a point of departure and a destination point, with several possible points in between.

" If all three (or two in the case of inbound deliveries) conditions are met, the delivery has transportation planning status A, which means that the delivery document is relevant for transportation.

" You set transportation relevance in Customizing for Transportation.

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Options for Creating Shipments

Manually usingCreate

Shipment

Automatically in collective processingusing theworklist

Online B/ground

Using a transportation

planning system

Creating shipments

R/3

TP/VSWithout planning proposal

With planning proposal

" The R/3 System contains different ways of creating shipments: $ You can create shipments manually using the Create shipment function. You can select deliveries

due for shipping using different selection criteria and create the documents manually. $ You can also use a planning proposal. This is a predefined profile whose rules specify that

deliveries are automatically combined into shipments and completed with data. $ The system can also create shipments automatically. To do this, use a collective processing run

that is executed online or in batch mode. The system creates one or more shipment documents according to different processing rules.

" If the shipments are created and optimized by an external transportation planning system such as APO TP/VS, you can link to this system with an interface. In the R/3 to APO environment, this interface is called the Core Interface (CIF).

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Functions in Shipment Processing - Scenarios

Determining and commissioning the

service agentDetermining the

means of transport

Scheduling deadlines

Enteringtexts / comments

Determining the stages

Posting goods issue

Checking in the means of transport

Printing documents/generating output

Loading the meansof transport

Creating billing documents based on the deliveries

" Depending on the type of shipment, you may need to process the created shipment documents further. Using shipment processing in the R/3 System, you can perform these activities and record related information in the shipment document.

" Most of the activities are optional. Depending on your requirements, you may actually use onlysome of them.

" Part of the information in shipment processing can be determined based on the shipment type (for example, means of transport) or is adopted from the deliveries (for example, shipping units, service agent, route, and route stages). You can usually change this information manually.

" Determine other data in the shipment document (for example, deadlines, notes, texts, and so on).

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Shipment Stages

Leg

Rotterdam & New York

Partner: Forwarding agent

Border crossing point

Rotterdam

Partner: Customs agent

StopCustoms

Load transfer point

New York

Partner: Load. supervisor

" Stages contain information on the geographical characteristics of a shipment. This information is frequently used as a basis for calculating shipment costs.

" The system differentiates between the following stage types: $ Leg: A connection between a starting point and an end point. The starting and end points can be a

transportation connection point, a shipping point, an unloading point at the customer's or vendor's site, and so on. $ Load transfer point: Location/point where a shipment is loaded/unloaded or transferred from one

means of transport to another. $ Border crossing point: Location/point where a shipment crosses the border.

" For each stage, you can record information, such as the responsible service agent, deadlines, distance, shipment cost relevance, freight code, and so on.

" You can also assign the deliveries to the individual stages. " Using APO TP/VS planning, TP/VS will automatically assign the deliveries selected for a shipment

to the stages that are determined by TP/VS.

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Deadlines in shipment

Deadlines in shipment header

Other deadlines(header level)

Planned/actual deadlines:

PlannedCheck-inLoading startLoading endShipment completionShipment startShipment end

OperationPlanned deadlinesActualdeadlineReason for deviationLocations and so on

Deadlines perstage

Planned/actual deadlines:

Stage startStage end

Deadlines in the Shipment Document

12

9

6

3

11 1

7 58 4

210

MO TU WE TH FR SA SU18

152128

29

162229

310172330

411182431

5121925

6132026

7142127

" You can record the times and deadlines for planning and executing the transportation activities in the shipment document.

" For standard activities, such as planning, check-in, loading, processing, shipment start and shipment end, you can record planned and actual deadlines in the shipment document at header level. You can also specify exact times for the deadlines.

" You can also define planned and actual start and end dates for each shipment stage. " Similar to Shipping, you can specify additional individual deadlines that are used for further

controlling shipment processes. Besides planned and actual deadlines and times, you can also enter operation types, reasons for deviations and locations (points).

" You can define a deadline procedure (network profile) for your individual deadlines for each shipment document type.

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Processing status of shipment

Status information in the shipmentdocument header:

Overall status

PlannedCheck-inLoading startLoading endShipment completionShipment startShipment end

%%

%%

Check-in

Completed

Completed

Not completed

Not completed

Not completed

Not completed

Not completed

Status Information in the Shipment Document

" When transportation activities such as planning, checking in, loading, and so on, are finished, you can set a status. As soon as the status is set, the activity is considered completed. You always know the current processing status of a shipment and can quickly provide information.

" You can set the status by: $ Choosing the corresponding pushbutton; the current date is adopted as the actual date. $ Entering the actual date; the status is then set by the system.

" A traffic light symbol displays the overall status of the shipment. $ Red: Planned status is set. $ Yellow: Check-in/Loading Start/Loading End status is set $ Green: Shipment completion/Shipment Start/Shipment End status is set

" Note: For shipment cost calculation, the status Planned must be set as a minimum. " Note: The planned status is automatically set if you transfer shipments from TP/VS to R/3.

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! Describe the shipment costing process

! List the requirements of shipment cost calculation

! Explain the structure of the shipment cost document

! Understand the shipment costing settlement process

Shipment Costing: Topic Objectives


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Shipment Cost Processing in Detail

Shipment

Shipment cost document

1. Calculate shipment costs 2,316.- USD

2. Assign shipment costs to account

3. Transfer shipment costs

4. Settle shipment costs

A BXX XX

" Shipment cost calculation and shipment cost settlement are available for both outbound and inbound shipments.

" The shipment costs are recorded in a new system document called the shipment cost document. You perform the following functions from within this document: $ Calculate the shipment costs $ Account assignment: Assign the costs in Financial Accounting and Controlling $ Transfer the costs to FI and CO $ Settle the costs with the service agent

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Requirements for Shipment Cost Calculation

The shipment document must have the necessary overall

status, (planned status at thevery least)

The shipment document must be shipment cost relevant ShpmntCostsRel. %

Status

Planned %% Completed

Shipment

" A shipment must be relevant for shipment costs (at header and/or stage level) in order to create a shipment cost document for a shipment. The shipment must also have the required overall status set in the definition of the shipment cost type. As a minimum, it must have Planned status.

" Execute the following in Customizing: $ Define number ranges for the shipment costs. $ Define and assign shipment cost types and item categories. $ For each shipment type, you must set shipment cost relevance for the following shipment

elements: header, leg, border crossing point, and load transfer point.

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Creating a Shipment Cost Document

1 : 1

Shipment costdocument

1

2

3

Shipmentdocument

1

2

3

" You can create shipment cost documents individually in dialog mode or using collective processing.

" If you create an individual shipment cost document, always directly refer to a shipment document. Create exactly one shipment cost document for each shipment document. As a result, there is a 1:1 relationship between the two documents.

" Depending on your settings, the system automatically calculates the shipment costs, assigns them to an account, and transfers them to Financial Accounting when you create the shipment cost document.

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Structure of the Shipment Cost Document

Shipment cost document

Header

Item 1

Sub-item 1

Item 2

Sub-item 1

Sub-item 2

Overall status Reference data Administrative data

Item status Pricing procedure Determined pricing date Tax data Settlement data Service procurement

Result of shipment cost calculation

" The shipment cost document consists of the following sections: $ Shipment cost header

The shipment cost header contains general information on the entire document. Status, reference, and administrative information is provided. The status is a cumulated status derived from the individual items.

$ Shipment cost item The items contain general data for shipment cost calculation and settlement, such as service agent, pricing and settlement date, tax amount and tax base amount, and organizational data such as company code, plant, and purchasing organization. Each item has its own status for the shipment cost calculation, account assignment, and transfer functions.

$ Shipment cost sub-item Shipment costs are calculated at shipment cost sub-item level. The calculation result is also recorded at this level.

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Items of the Shipment Cost Document

Shipment Shipment costs

HeaderInsuranceABC Insurance

Stage 1Hamburg - FrankfurtNordspeed forwardingagent

Stage 2Frankfurt - StuttgartSchmalenbach forwarding agent

1. Item

2. Item

3. Item

" The shipment cost items either refer to the shipment header or to a shipment stage. " For example, an item that refers to the header can include insurance charges for shipment insurance.

An item that refers to a shipment stage can include load transfer costs. " The function of the items is controlled through the item category. " The items can be automatically generated or manually created depending on the Customizing

settings.

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Overview of Shipment Cost Calculation

Pricing procedure

1. Basic freight FB00

2. Discount 1 FD00

3. Discount 2 FD10

Condition type FB00Access sequence:MATK

Records for cond. type FB00No valid record availableValid record available

1300 USD 1 t or more1100 USD 10 t or more1000 USD 20 t or more

Scale

Access sequence:MATKCondition tables:1. Service agent/tariff zone/

freight class2. Service agent/tariff zone

Shipment costs

ConditionsFrom NY to WA 10 t

FB00 1100 USDFD00 -100 USDFD10

Basic freightDiscount 1Discount 2 -5 %

" In this example, 10 tons of a material are shipped by a forwarding agent from New York to Washington. The system determines the shipment costs automatically.

" The system first determines the corresponding pricing procedure. This contains every possible condition type within shipment pricing in a particular sequence.

" The system reads the first condition type in the pricing procedure. The condition type identifies the characteristics of a condition.

" For this condition type, the system determines the assigned access sequence. " The system reads the access sequence. In the sequence, the condition tables are accessed at least

once. The sequence of the condition tables constitutes the search strategy to determine the corresponding condition record.

" The system searches for valid condition records for the condition tables (accesses). A condition record contains the actual shipment rates. If no valid condition record exists for the first condition table, the system searches for condition records for the second table.

" When the system finds a valid condition record for a condition table, the condition record is read and the corresponding value is copied into the shipment cost document.

" The system repeats all of these steps for each condition type until the entire pricing procedure is processed.

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Condition Records for Shipment Costs

Validity periodValidity period07/01/1999 07/01/1999 -- 12/31/200212/31/2002

1000 lb 10 USD per 100 lb10000 lb 9 USD per 100 lb20000 lb 8 USD per 100 lb

Condition type: FB00 Basic freight

Service agent: 1120

Tariff zone - departure: DE20

Tariff zone - destination: DE80

Freight class: B

Level at which the condition

is defined

toScale:

" Pricing determines prices and surcharges/discounts (= conditions) for a business transaction and allows the user to specifically influence these conditions manually.

" Prices, surcharges, and discounts are stored in condition records. " You can define conditions at any level. A level corresponds to the fields in the condition table in

which a condition record is stored. The level also represents the key fields for access to a condition. " Common levels at which price agreements are made are predefined in the standard system. " You can add any levels that you need. You can make conditions dependent on any fields of a

business document. " By specifying a validity period, you can restrict a condition to a specific period. " You can maintain the values within a condition record (price, surcharge, and discount) depending on

a scale (weight-based, volume-based, or value-based scale). You can also use multi-dimensional scales. There is no limit to the number of scale levels.

" For each condition record, you can define a lower and an upper limit that allows you to manually change a pricing element within the limits specified.

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RequirementsRequirementsFinancial Financial AccountingAccounting

Accruals in FIAssignment in CO

Entry/acceptance ofservices performed

Invoice /credit memo

Accruals become payables

A BXX XX

B 1058XX XX

Cost center 2556

Transfer

Settlement with service agent

Shipment Cost Settlement with Direct Transfer

Shipment costs

Item 1 576

" Shipment costs are settled with the service agent by shipment cost item. " Settlement includes: $ Assigning and transferring shipment costs to Financial Accounting, the formation of accruals,

and the assignment of costs to a CO object. $ Settlement of costs with the service agent: Posting payables by cancelling the accruals.

" You need to enter and accept the services provided before you can transfer costs to Financial Accounting. The system automatically creates the service entry sheet based on a purchase order for external services.

" Before you can settle costs with the service agent, you need to create an invoice using manual invoice verification or create a credit memo using the credit memo procedure.

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1. Account assignment

G/L account determination Assignment for Controlling

2. Transfer to Financial Accounting Purchase order determination Creation of the service entry sheet Establishment of accruals

3. Invoice creation

Credit memo procedure (ERS procedure) Manual Invoice Verification

Steps During Settlement

" During account assignment the system determines the correct G/L account in Financial Accounting for each shipment cost item and the assignment for Controlling. Account assignment can be carried out at different levels, depending on how detailed you want to track costs.

" Transfer to Financial Accounting to establish accruals requires the entry of services performed. However, each service entry sheet is based on a purchase order. You must initially create this purchase order for the service agent in Purchasing. During the posting process, services performed are accepted; to establish accruals, the system generates an accounting document in Financial Accounting. The system creates additional subsequent documents in Financial Accounting.

" Using the credit memo procedure, also referred to as the ERS (Evaluated Receipt Settlement) procedure, you can settle the shipment costs with the service agents without receiving invoices from them. You can choose from different settlement periods. Transfer the calculated shipment costs to Financial Accounting. The invoices are verified by the service agent. If the service agent discovers variances, you can post these as subsequent debits/credits. If you receive invoices from the service agent, you can also verify the invoices manually and create the invoices manually.

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! Make the necessary customizing settings in the R/3 System to interface the R/3 System transportation application with the APO TP/VS component.

! Create the necessary material master data in the R/3 System for the APO TP/VS integration

Settings Necessary for Integration: Topic Objectives


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R/3 Customizing and Master Data Activities

! Transportation relevance of orders and deliveries! Definition of Shipment Document Number Ranges! Definition of Shipment Types! Transportation Planning Point Determination

! Check ATP-Category ! Create Packaging Materials needed in TP/VS

! Check Strategy Group

Customizing Activities

Material Master Requirements

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Transportation Relevance

R/3: Transportation relevance of deliveries

Route

Delivery Type

Item Category

R/3 IMG: Logistics Execution & Transportation & Shipments & Maintain Transportation Relevance

" Only transport-relevant deliveries can be assigned to shipments. Outbound deliveries route determination has to be maintained, because outbound deliveries without an assigned route are not transportation relevant. For inbound deliveries, relevance is determined from the Item Category and Delivery Document Type.

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Shipment Document Number Ranges

R/3 and APO: Definition of Number RangesR/3 IMG: Logistics Execution & Transportation & Shipments &

Define Number Ranges for ShipmentsAPO IMG: Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO) & Transportation

Planning/ Vehicle Scheduling (TP/VS) & Basic Settings & Define Number Range for Temporary Shipments

APO IMG: ... & Define Number Range for Shipments

R/3

APO

External number range in the R/3 System has to correspond withinternal number range in APO.

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Shipment Type Required Settings

R/3: Definition of Shipment TypesExample for outbound shipments:

IMG: Logistics Execution & Transportation &Shipments &Define Shipment Types

" Note: Maintain Do not adopt stages and No legs to be determined!

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Transportation Planning Point

R/3: Transportation Planning Point Determination:IMG: Enterprise Structure & Definition & Logistics Execution &

Maintain Transportation Planning Point

IMG: Logistics Execution & Transportation & Interfaces &Transportation Planning Point Determination

" Update the Transportation Planning Point determination table so that TP/VS can determine the Transportation Planning point to be assigned to the shipment documents created in TP/VS planning.

" A default transportation planning point should also be maintained. " The Shipping Point and Shipping Type can be used in the table to determine the Transportation

Planning Point.

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Packaging Materials Needed for APO Mapping

R/3: Packaging Materials needed for APO Mapping Table for Vehicles:'SAP-Menu: Logistics & Materials Management & Material Master &Material & Create (special) & Packaging (Transaction: MM01)

APO

" Create materials of material type VERP (naming should be the same as that used in the APO Transport Methods). Note: In material master view Sales: General/Plant Data a packaging material type means of transport (For example, Trucks) has to be maintained. See Packaging Material Types in R/3 IMG: Logistics General&Handling Unit Management&Basics&Define Packaging Material Types APO: Mapping Table for Vehicles

" IMG: Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO)& Transportation Planning/Vehicle Scheduling(TP/VS)& Interfaces &Maintain Mapping Table for Vehicles

Note: The APO Mapping Table for Vehicles is key sensitive. Maintain the column for external vehicle description only by using uppercase.

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Material Master Data Field Checks

SAP-Menu: Logistics & Materials Management & Material Master & Material &Change& Immediately " ATP-Category in Material Master " View: MRP 3: See Availability Check field " Checking Group for Availability Check: 02 (Individual rqmt) " This field must be set for individual requirements for sales requirement data to be transferred

to APO. " Strategy Group

There are four R/3 strategy groups that are not supported in APO: 11 Gross requirements 59 Phantom Assembly 52 Future Use 62 Future Use In addition, some strategy groups are configured so that requirements are not transferred to APO. If requirements are not transferred to APO, transportation planning will not occur for the material.

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You are now able to:

R/3 Transportation Processing Overview: Unit Summary

! Explain the organizational units related to R/3 System transportation

! Describe the structure of the shipment document and its functions

! Identify and locate important information in the shipment document

! Describe the processes related to R/3 System freight costing

! Explain the purpose, structure and processes related to the shipment cost document

! Make the necessary setting to interface an R/3 System with an APO TP/VS system

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Exercises

Unit: R/3 Transportation Processing Overview Topic: Transportation Planning Point


Understand the organizational units relevant for transportation processing in Customizing.

Create a Transportation Planning Point to be used for shipment documents created by APO TP/VS planning.

As an employee in transportation planning and processing, you are also a member of the APO implementation team in the transportation area.

Familiarize yourself with R/3 transportation processing in general before you begin setting up the system and trying out its shipment processes.

You examine the structure of the shipment documents and identify what information they contain. Create two new shipment types to facilitate the creation of R/3 shipment documents from planned shipments in TP/VS.

You also need to familiarize yourself with the organizational structures, to learn how they are defined and assigned. Create a new Transportation Planning Point to be used when creating R/3 shipment documents from the APO TP/VS component.

1-1 True or false?

1-1-1 A company code is an independent accounting unit.

1-1-2 Each plant has exactly one shipping point.

1-1-3 Shipments are processed at a transportation planning point.

1-1-4 Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a plant.

1-1-5 Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a warehouse number.

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1-2 Which transportation planning points are defined for company code 1000? ____________________________________________________________

Go to the address screen for transportation planning point 1000. On which street is it located?

______________________________________________________

1-3 Create a new Transportation Planning Point to be used for shipments created from the APO TP/VS component. Identify the Transportation Planning Point as AP##. Assign it to Company Code 1000.

Description: TP/VS Group ## In the Edit Address fields: Name: APO TP/VS GR ## Search Term: AP## Country: DE Language: English

1-4 When shipment documents are created from the APO TP/VS system, the Transportation Planning Point must be determined for each shipment document. In this step you will update the interface table that is used to determine the Transportation Planning Point. Shipments will be planned for Shipping Point X0## Dresden. Create the following entries in the Determination of Transportation Planning Point table.

Shipping Point Shipping Type TrspPlanPt X0## Blank AP## X0## 01 AP##

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Exercises

Unit: R/3 Transportation Processing Overview Topic: Shipment Document Type


Create shipment document types used for APO planning.

Shipment document types must exist for shipment document

scm612 - apo transportation planning - vehicle scheduling (tp-vs)

Documents