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Scope And Sequence for ESL Elementary Units Of Instruction

Grade 1Grade/Unit Vocabulary Focus Language Awareness Skills Learning Strategies 1.1. Family Changes family members

family activitiesfamily changesanimal lifecycleanimal babiesgrowing (body parts, skills you learn as you grow)

pluralspronounspresent tensecapital lettersinitial f, g, l, bcolor wordsadjectives meaning "more"prepositions in/onproper nouns,offering to do something

Use what you knowpredict contentuse picture cluescompare and contrastuse pictures to get meaningmain idea draw conclusions

1.2. My School ways students get to schoolpeople and things at schoolschool rulesschool activitiesgroup/individual activitiesfeelings at school

pronouns days of the weekquestion wordsmanycontractionsinitial m, c /k/, d, ygreetingsgiving praise,infinitives,verbsverb can

Use pictures and picture cluesrecognize patternsunderstand a processparaphrase/retelluse context cluesrecognize cause and effectrecognize repetition

1.3. Where People And Animals Live

where people liveneighborscommunitymap skillswhere animals live animals that live in trees/in a pond/in fieldsanimal babiespets, taking care of pets

question wordsinitial n, p, s, r, t, w, hcapitalizationoppositespluralswords for noisesposition wordsrhyming wordsprepositional phrasesnumber and verbsfuture tense

generalizeuse a mapbrainstorminguse what you knowdraw conclusionsrereaduse picturesvisualize word problemsmake predictions based on prior knowledge

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1.4. Feeling Healthy and Safe people who keep others safeplaces where safety is importantrules to stay healthyexercisingways to keep clean and healthy healthy dietdays of the week

word familiesverbs + -ermultiple meaningsrulesinitial soft gshort i, short aword order punctuation (exclamation mark and period),adjectives adding -ypronoun theyantonymscountable/uncountable nounsexpressing gratitude

use what you knowcompare and contrastpredictrecognize reality and fantasyuse picturesuse a chart

1.5. My Five Senses five sensestaking care of eyes and earsbody parts and sensesanimal/human senses

verbsantonymspluralsgiving instructionscapitalization and punctuationshort o, short e, short u multiple meanings - went,place in a housepast tensenumerals and number wordsquestions and answersrhyming words

imaginingactivate prior knowledgeunderstand cause and effectgeneralizemake predictionsrecognize reality and fantasydraw conclusionsfollowing directions

1.6. Seasons of the Year four seasonsmonths of the yearweather changes seasonal activitiesdressing for the weathertrees in different seasonshow people use treesprotection of treescolor words

root wordsconsonant blend cl,long a capitalizationpunctuation (question mark, period),adjectivescontractionsoppositesverbspronoun theyadjectives of sizesuperlatives

predict contentget informationunderstand that numerals show sequencecompare and contrastuse pictures for meaningvisualizeuse planningunderstand type conventionsuse context clues

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Grade 2

Grade/Unit Vocabulary Focus Language Awareness Skills Learning Strategies2.1. Community Helpers kinds of groups

what different groups do places in a communitystates in the U.S.A.community workerswhat workers do to help usworkplacespeople's needsneeds and wants

present tense sentence patternscapitalizationirregular pluralsrhyming wordsinformal statement OKstatements showing approvalverbscontractions

use what you knowuse picture detailsread mapsuse pictures to get meaningrecognize fact and fantasysummarizeuse title to predictnote repeated wordsclassify

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2.2. Animals And Their Habitat animal names and characteristicsanimal habitatsanimal needsanimal groups (mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, etc.)pets and their habitatshow animals workways animals protect themselvescamouflage (protective coloring)

subject/verb agreement short aexplaining choicessimilescomparativesrhymeconsonant blends sm, sk, sprpunctuationcontractionsverbsgiving directions

use prior knowledgeuse pictures for meaningrecognize and understand patternsrecognize and understand main idearemember detailsfollow directionssummarize

2.3. Having Fun toys and gamesactivities to do alone/with a friendways to exercisebody partspushing/pullingwhat magnets dofun activities using force

final consonant s /z/ consonant blend tradjectivesprepositionslong ipresent progressive tenseirregular past tensefuture tensepronounscontractions imperativesaddressing friends and relatives

visualizeuse imageryrecognize cause and effectuse pictures for meaningask questions to get informationuse word structure use context clues

2.4. Shopping parts of plantswhat each part of a plant doesplants people eatgrainsfoods made from grainsfruits and vegetableshow food gets from farms to customerswhere people eat

Consonant blends st and strA few a lot ofCountable/uncountable nounsPassive expressionsSentence patternsNouns and verbsLong o spelled ow and oaCapitalizationMaking requests Numerals and number wordsPossessives pronouns

use pictures for meaningclassifyuse numerals and sequence wordsidentify patternsexplain a processsummarizepreview textmonitor meaninguse pictures and text to predictuse context clues

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2.5. Time things in the skynight and daysunmooncalendarmonths of the yeardays of the weekfirst people in North Americaearly Spanish settlersPilgrimsHolidays in the U.S.A.

HomophonesCompound wordsExpressing time, time expressionsIrregular past tensePresent tenseComparatives SimilesOnomatopoeiaPattern and rhymeQuestions and answers

use prior knowledgeuse a diagramgeneralizepredict contentmake comparisonsuse context understand chronologyuse a calendar summarize

2.6. Water All Around Us sources of waterbodies of water and how they are differentmapssaving waterplaces with little water/places with a lot of waterraincloudswater cycle

AdjectivesCapitalizationExpressions of amount -little, a lot ofLong a Short and long i Short u Possessives Informal expressionsRelated wordsForming questionsComparatives PunctuationCompound wordsPrepositional phrases

use context cluesuse a mapvisualizepreview a storyrecognize cause and effectparaphraseretellcheck inferencesself assesspreview directions solve problems

Grade 3

Grade/Unit Vocabulary Focus Language Awareness Skills Learning Strategies

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3.1. City Life/Farm Life What farmers doProducts from farmsReading the thermometerGrowing cropsCommunityServices and goods in the cityParts of a cityState capitalsFive food groups

Singular and plural nounsSubject/verb agreement is/areSimple present tensePresent progressive tenseCommandsSounds /p/ and /b/Sounds /g/ and /k/Sentence structureCapitalization of proper nounsNumbers as wordsSlang/informal EnglishInvitations

Use time expressionsFollow directionsRecognize patternsRereadUse a mapRead a chartRecognize fact and opinionType conventionsDraw conclusions

3.2. Science of Light Lights used in the past and todayTimeline of lightsLights in a communityEye parts, process of seeingWhat light can/ cannot doRainbow colorsShadow play

Words in a seriesTime wordsWhen and whereSome, all, nonePrepositions of location on, in, undercommandsLong iContractionsRhymealliterationNouns as adjectivesCommunicating with soundsExpressing the same idea with different expressionsPlurals of words ending in -y

Recognize time and sequenceUse a time lineVisualizeUse a diagramExplain a processUse pictures for meaningParaphraseRecognize main idea

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3.3. Science of Sound Sound vocabulary (vibration, pitch, volume)Properties of sounds (loud/soft, high-pitched/low-pitched)Musical instruments from around the worldProcess of hearing , parts of an earAnimal earsCommunication inventions

The v soundLong a and short aLong and short oThe sound of earModal verbs can/can’tAdjectivesPronoun itPast tenseRhymeOnomatopoeiaSingular/plural agreement has/haveCan + verb + complementSo...that expression

Record informationRecognize sentence patternsUse type conventionsUnderstand specialized vocabularyRead a diagramSet a purpose for readingRecognize main ideaDistinguish between fact and opinion

3.4. Weather and Climate Weather vocabularyClimate in the desertClimate in a forestCactusDesert and forest animalsVeterinarianDressing for the weather, clothesClimates around the worldRules for staying healthy in hot/ cold weatherWords for the senses

Some/otherQuantity expressionsMany/most/some/allAdjectivesLong eConsonant blends sl, pl, cl,Pronouns he, she, theyPronouns they and themOnce/twiceAntonymsInfinitives of purposeCommandsSimiles

Compare and contrast using a Venn diagramUse picture captionsReread sentencesRecognize cause-effect relationshipsRecognize main ideaUse a map keyUse pictures for meaning

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3.5. Shelters Building materialsNatural resources used in buildingEvolution of homesSteps in building a beaver’s lodgeToolsProcess of making bricks and glassMachinesShapes in houses

Beginning and ending consonant blends st, chShort i and long iSound of /ks/House or homePast tense verbs ending in t Subject/verb agreement is/areSequence wordsIdentify a sentencePunctuationParenthetical expressionsForms of buildModal verbs showing possibility can be Phrases that tell where and when

Recognize a patternRead a time lineUse numbersReread to understandUnderstand a processUse pictures for meaning

3.6. Protect the Environment Changing the environmentHabitatRain forestEndangered and extinct animalsEnvironmental groupsCauses of water pollutionWays to prevent pollutionRecycling process

Singular and plural nounsConsonant blends str, thrSounds /h/ and /j/Context and picture cluesWhen clausesMaking requestsPossessive adjectivesGerundsConjunctionsVerbs with upExpression was going toPrepositions – under, above,Adverbs of degree – very, too

Set a purpose for readingUse pictures to follow directionsUse context clues take notesParaphraseDraw conclusionsRecognize language patternsRecognize supporting detailsUse prior knowledge to predictUse type conventions

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Grade 4 Grade/Unit Vocabulary Focus Language Awareness Skills Learning Strategies4.1. American West States and landforms in the west

Crops farmers grow in the WestOccupations, industries in the West (ranching, fishing, mining)SettlersDescribe the trip westOregon TrailHousehold itemsPrairie fires

Singular and plural nounsVerbsInitial consonants /m/ and /n/, /w/Simple present AntonymsWant + infinitiveHabitual wouldQuotation marksEvents in the pastExclamationsmetaphors

Use a map keyRecognize a patternRead money amountsSet a purpose for readingVisualizeUse pictures for meaning

4.2. Ecosystems Parts of living things, cellsGrowing of cellsEnergyYeast is a living thingCommunication of living thingsEcosystem vocabulary

/k/ and /s/ spelled cdiphthong /oi/simple present/present progressivequestions with what and howhow many and how muchprepositions of locationnoun phrases with whoonomatopoeiaUsing cannotExpressing obligationComparing using as + adjective + as

Use pictures for meaningClassify to understandUse chronology to understandUse labelsPrepare for an activityVisualize

4.3. The First Americans Native American sheltersResources used to build the sheltersParts of a buffalo and how they were usedAmerican Indian craftsArchaeologyMaterials used for insulationCrops the Aztec farmers grewAztec arts and craftsFoods that came from the AztecsAztec calendar

Pronoun theySentence patterns with use.... for ...Present perfect tensePast tense verbsSequence wordsDeductions with must be.../j/ soundconsonant blend stfraction wordsexpressing preferencebefore and afteradverbs

Set a purpose for readingClassify informationUse numerals for sequencePredict contentUse context cluesVisualize story detailsParaphrase

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4.4. Eating Habits Balanced dietFood pyramidNutrientsDigestion processParts of the digestive systemVitaminsBody parts

Compare past abilities to present abilities with can/couldn’tExpressing needsYes/no questions with did, do/doesAdverbs well and poorlyConsonant blend frBeginning /v/ and /b/ soundsWhen clausesExpress obligationPrepositional phrasesI like + noun/ I like + infinitive

Use graphics for informationUnderstand specialized vocabularyUse pictures for meaning

4.5. Rain Forests Rainforest areas in the worldSpecies in a rainforestFood chain in a rainforestRubber trees and rubber usageRain forest productsRain forest scientistsSaving the rainforestsWhy people need rainforests

Prepositions above, below, along, throughGive examples with such asPronoun referentsConsonants /l/ and /r/Consonant blends gr and trPast tense of irregular verbsComparisonsFrequency expressionsPresent and past tensesPresent progressive tensePossibility – might

Identify main ideaUse pictures for meaningUse a map keyUse punctuation Use graphics to compareUse prior knowledge

4.6. States of the U.S.A. Directions on a mapRegions of the USAState symbolsEvents in the history of CaliforniaTime linePopulation line graphPopulation bar graph

Form pluralsCapitalization of proper nouns/sh/ sounddigraph th/kw/ soundexpressions of amount some, most, each, a lot ofpolite requestsrhyme schemeordinal numbersirregular past tense verbsprefix re-comparatives and superlativesexpress wantscontractions

Use different sources of informationRecognize patternsRead time linesUse prior knowledgeRead a line graphUse pictures for meaningUnderstand author’s point of view

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Grade 5

Grade/Unit Vocabulary Focus Language Awareness Skills Learning Strategies5.1. Science of Sound Sound and hearing

Ear trumpetVolume and pitchMusical instrumentsDecibel graphEvents people celebrate with music

The v soundLong o soundThe sound /ng/ in the final positionTime expressionsIdioms Singular and plural nounsAction wordsComparativesSuffixes –er, -istSuperlatives Rhyming wordsPassive voice expressionsCountable/uncountable nouns

Recognize cause/effectUse a graphUse pictures to predictUse classificationUse pictures for meaningUse intonation

5.2. Exploration and Discovery IndiesColumbus and his voyageColumbus and Taino people CompassThe Aztecs and the city of TenochtitlanCortez and the Aztecs Parts of a horse

Past tense verbsVerb tensesWord originsDigraphs in the final positionSounds /sh/, /th/Sound /er/ spelled er, ir, ear, orMaking general statementsAsking questionsExpressions of frequencyPrepositions in, onSaying datesRhythm and rhyme

Use pictures for meaningVisualizeMake inferencesMake a model to understand meaningIdentify main ideaUse patternsUnderstand a process

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5.3. Water All Around Us Fresh and salt waterLiving things and waterUsage of waterForms of waterWater cycleWater sourcesSahara Desert

Capitalization of proper nounsInfinitivesUse of asThe pronoun itSounds /y/, /j/The sound /v/Sounds for sThe –tion endingLong vowel soundsClauses with thatSimple present tense for presenting factsAsking questions

Find topic sentenceRead on to get meaningRecognize supporting detailsRecord observationsSummarizeUse pictures for meaningUse context cluesFollow directionsUse imagery to understand poetry

5.4. Life in the Colonies Settlers from European countriesReasons to come to AmericaJourney to AmericaJamestownThirteen first coloniesTransportation vocabularyLanguages New EnglandMiddle coloniesSouthern ColoniesTobacco exports

Time expressionsShort a, long aShort i , long i Past progressive tenseThere is/there areInfinitivesPast tense of irregular verbsComparisons – more, lessVerbs joined by andComparisons – as + adjective +as

Visualize story detailsFormulate opinionsSummarizeRecognize cause and effect Use a Venn DiagramRead a bar graphMake predictionsUse context cluesParaphrase

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5.5. Let’s Read! Reasons people readParts of front pageSections of a newspaperElements of a story - setting, characters, plotPlot diagramStorytelling around the world

InfinitivesLetter – sound correspondence – f, ph, thThe sound /s/ spelled cConsonant digraph -shClauses with thatUse of doExclamationsSubject/verb agreement – is/arePresent tense verbsQuestion marksIdiomsContractionsExpressing approval/disapprovalRhyming words

Use pictures to answer questionsRead story problemsRecall the plotMake a plot diagramSkim and scanUse pictures for meaningSet a purpose for readingAsk questions to understand word meanings

5.6. Independence of the Colonies Thirteen first coloniesProblems with EnglandBoston Tea PartyTaxesThomas Jefferson and the Declaration of independenceGeorge WashingtonBattle of YorktownImportant beliefs in the Declaration of Independence

Only/manyIdiomsIrregular past tense verbsThe short e soundLong and short iSound wordsIndefinite pronouns Pronouns they, he, itPronoun theseSounds or and arCapitalization of proper nounsAdverbsThe present perfect tense

Draw conclusionsTake notes Recognize point of viewFollow directionsSummarizeUse a time lineGeneralizeRead on to get meaning

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