Scoping study for a future accelerator neutrino complex

Blackett Laboratory - Imperial College - London

Discussion meeting 6-7 May 2005

Photo-detectors R&D for Megaton-scale Detectors

L. Mosca CEA-Saclay

Envisaged Megaton-scale detectors :

Water Cherenkov

LiAr TPC

Liquid scintillators

…………

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Tunnel actuel

Futur Tunnel de

Service

Laboratoire actuel

Futur Laboratoire

Présentation “artistique” de l’ensemble constitué par l’actuel TunnelAutoroutier, par le Tunnel de Service de prochaine réalisation et parun Grand Laboratoire International, actuellement en phase d’étude.

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Photo-detectors R&D for Megaton-scale Detectors(Water Cherenkov, LiAr TPC, Liquid scintillator, …)

A) Vacuum photo-tubes : - “standard” (with dynodes) PMTs - “hybrid” (with PIN or APD diodes) HPD - “wall-papers” (Ferenc)

B) Gaseous photo-tubes, “wall-papers” shaped : - with CsI photo-cathode (ultra-violet region) - with bi-alcali photo-cathode (visible region)

Joël Pouthas IPN Orsay

Photocathode

PMT HPMT HPD HAPD

MediumSER and TTS(depend of

size)

HV2 or 3 kV

Photocathode

PIN

Photocathode

APD

Photocathode

Scint

PMT

Very good SERTTS ?

(depend of FEE)

HV (negative)15 to 30 kV

Very goodSER and TTS(depend of

FEE)

HV (negative)10 kV or more

GoodSER and TTS(depend of

scint)

HV20 to 30 kV

Electronics Electronics

Bulb shape photodetectors

Joël Pouthas IPN Orsay

Companies

ETLPHOTONIS

+Labs

(Characterization)

Quasar (Russia)

R&D VLVvT

R&D PHOTONIS(+ IPNO)

R&DHamamatsu

and Tokyo Univ.

R&DHPD CERN

R&DPHOTONIS

DEP

PMT HPMT HPD HAPD

Photocathode Photocathode

Scint

PMT

Photocathode

PIN

Photocathode

APD

Bulb shape photodetectors

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13 inch HAPD prototype (HV = 12 kV) Hamamatsu+Tokyo Univ.

“WALL PAPERS” (FLAT PANELS)

with VACUUM Detectors (Ferenc)

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“WALL PAPERS” (FLAT PANELS)

with GASEOUS Detectors (MICROMEGAS)

Conversion/drift (1kV/cm)

Amplification(40 kV/cm)

micromesh

insulator

strips

(3mm)

(100 m)

Drift electrode

MICROMEGAS PHOTODETECTOR

•Photon feed back suppressed

•Negligible Ionization

•Excellent single electron response

Workpackage 1 of I3-Neutrino/Detectors

Large area of high sensitivity economical photon detectors : wall-papers with adapted photocathodes and Micromegas amplification

Objectives : 1) develop sealed, UV sensitive (with CsI cathodes) Micromegas photodetectors starting from already working gas circulated prototypes 2) develop analogous detectors, but sensitive in the visible range (with SbCs cathodes) 3) extend both detector’size to 50cm x 50cm dimensions 4) aging (and efficiency) tests and improvement 5) automatisation of the construction process (cost reduction)

Performances roadmap

Year 1st Year (2006) 2nd Year (2007) 3rd Year (2008)

MilestonesSealed UV sensitivedetectors working

Sealed UV sensitivedetectors extensively

tested

Visible range sensitivedetectors

R&D (at least) started(*)

DeliverablesSealed UV sensitive

prototype(15cm x 15cm)

with (CsI cathode)

Sealed UV sensitiveprototype

(15cm x 15cm)with (CsI cathode)extensively tested

Sealed prototypesensitive in the visible

range(15cm x 15cm)

with (SbCs cathode)

(*) The R&D in the visible sector could eventually starts in 2007

Budget

Year 1st Year (2006) 2nd Year (2007) 3rd Year (2008) Overall periodof 3 years

Needed budget (250 + 250) k€ (250 + 250) k€ (250 + 250) k€ (750 +750) k€

Total 500 k€ 500 k€ 500 k€ 1500 k€

Participants (Institutions and researchers)

CEA/ DAPNIAPh.Rebourgeard, I.Giomataris, L.Mosca, C.Cavata,E. Ferrer, I . Irastorza, S. Aune,V.Peskov (visitor/expert)

IN2P3/ LAL-Orsay V. Lepeltier et al.

IN2P3/ IPN-Orsay J. Pouthas et al.

IN2P3/ APC T.Patzak, Ph. Gorodezky, P. Salin, J. Dolbeau(les conditions d’une possible participation de l’APC àcette R&D sont actuellement en train d’êtreexaminées)

PHOTONIS G. Fontaine et al.

Other people/laboratories also potentially interested in this development :

Fanourakis gfan@mail.demokritos.grBusto busto@cppm.in2p3.frAlexander S.Murphy amurphy@ph.ed.ac.ukSmith.N n.j.t.smith@rl.ac.ukSpooner n.spooner@sheffield.ac. ukVavra <jjv@slac.stanford.edu>

Conclusion/Outlook

To go from a I3-Neutrino scheme to a Design Study proposal, we need to be more ambitious and try to fulfil all the “objectives”, including the detection in the visible range and the optimisation of the prototypes in view of a very massive production.