sculpture
TRANSCRIPT
SCULPTURESCULPTURE
SculptureSculpture is a three dimensional artwork is a three dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard and/or created by shaping or combining hard and/or plastic material, sound, and/or text and or light, plastic material, sound, and/or text and or light, commonly stone (either rock or marble), metal, commonly stone (either rock or marble), metal, glass, or wood. Some sculptures are created glass, or wood. Some sculptures are created directly by finding or carving; others are directly by finding or carving; others are assembled, built together and fired, welded, assembled, built together and fired, welded, molded, or cast. Sculptures are often painted. molded, or cast. Sculptures are often painted. A person who creates sculptures is called a A person who creates sculptures is called a sculptorsculptor..
Because sculpture involves the use of Because sculpture involves the use of materials that can be molded or modulated, it is materials that can be molded or modulated, it is considered one of the plastic arts. The majority considered one of the plastic arts. The majority of public art is sculpture. Many sculptures of public art is sculpture. Many sculptures together in a garden setting may be referred to together in a garden setting may be referred to as a sculpture garden as a sculpture garden
Methods in SculptureMethods in Sculpture
1.1. Carving is a subtractive process; that is, Carving is a subtractive process; that is, it involves removing unwanted portions it involves removing unwanted portions of the raw materials to reveal the form of the raw materials to reveal the form that the artist has visualized. Wood, that the artist has visualized. Wood, stone and ivory are materials employed stone and ivory are materials employed in this process.in this process.
2. Modeling2. Modeling
It is an additive process. It means building It is an additive process. It means building the forms, using highly plastic materials the forms, using highly plastic materials such as clay or wax.such as clay or wax.
3. Casting is a complex process wherein 3. Casting is a complex process wherein you need to create negative mold.you need to create negative mold.
Types of SculptureTypes of Sculpture
1.1. A relief is a sculptured artwork where a A relief is a sculptured artwork where a modelled form is raised, or in sunken-modelled form is raised, or in sunken-relief lowered.relief lowered.
Kinds of Relief Sculpture:Kinds of Relief Sculpture:c.c. Bas or low reliefBas or low relief- is the quality of an projecting image where the - is the quality of an projecting image where the
overall depth is shallow. The background is overall depth is shallow. The background is very compressed or completely flat, as on very compressed or completely flat, as on most coins, on which all images are in low-most coins, on which all images are in low-relief.relief.
Sample of Bas ReliefSample of Bas Relief
b. b. High relief High relief is where the most prominent is where the most prominent elements of the composition are undercut elements of the composition are undercut and rendered at more than 50% in the and rendered at more than 50% in the round against the background. All round against the background. All cultures and periods where large cultures and periods where large sculptures were created used this sculptures were created used this technique as one of their sculptural technique as one of their sculptural options. options.
c. Sunken-relief, also known as intaglio or c. Sunken-relief, also known as intaglio or hollow-relief, is where the image is made hollow-relief, is where the image is made by carving into a flat surface - usually the by carving into a flat surface - usually the images are mostly linear in nature. It is images are mostly linear in nature. It is most notably associated with the Art of most notably associated with the Art of Ancient Egypt, where the strong sunlight Ancient Egypt, where the strong sunlight usually needed to make the technique usually needed to make the technique successful for images is present most of successful for images is present most of the time. In the sculpture of many the time. In the sculpture of many cultures, including Europe, it is mostly cultures, including Europe, it is mostly used for inscriptions.used for inscriptions.
2. Free-standing Sculpture is one which 2. Free-standing Sculpture is one which can be seen from more than one can be seen from more than one position. The statues of saints in our position. The statues of saints in our churches are examples of it.churches are examples of it.
MaterialsMaterials
1. Stone1. Stone
STRENGTH:STRENGTH:- The most commonly used because of its The most commonly used because of its
durability, high gloss when polished and durability, high gloss when polished and its resistance to fire.its resistance to fire.
WEAKNESSWEAKNESS- Heavy and breaks easily.Heavy and breaks easily.
Michaelangelo: The PietaMichaelangelo: The Pieta
2. Bronze2. Bronze
STRENGHT:STRENGHT:- Rich color and smooth textureRich color and smooth texture- Can support itself in many positions which Can support itself in many positions which
is impossible for stones.is impossible for stones.
WEAKNESSWEAKNESS- Very heavy and expensiveVery heavy and expensive- There’s a difficulty and intricacy in castingThere’s a difficulty and intricacy in casting- Tendency to crack when cooledTendency to crack when cooled
JeteJete
3. Wood3. Wood
STRENGTHSTRENGTH- CheapCheap- Readily availableReadily available- Easy to cutEasy to cut- Smooth and beautiful when polishedSmooth and beautiful when polished- Relatively lightRelatively light- Can be made easily into variety of shapesCan be made easily into variety of shapes
WEAKNESSWEAKNESS- Limited in size and burns easilyLimited in size and burns easily- Discoloration and decay easily Discoloration and decay easily
Pulpit of San Agustin ChurchPulpit of San Agustin Church
4. Ivory4. Ivory- Seldom used today Seldom used today
because of its because of its unavailabilityunavailability
- It also cracks.It also cracks.
5. Terra Cotta5. Terra Cotta- It means “cooked earth”It means “cooked earth”- A clay fired at comparatively low A clay fired at comparatively low
temperaturetemperature- It is beautiful and versatile mediumIt is beautiful and versatile mediumSTRENGTHSTRENGTH- Responsive to artist handResponsive to artist handWEAKNESSWEAKNESS- unfired, it is fragileunfired, it is fragile- Sculpture have a short lifeSculpture have a short life
India: HanumanIndia: Hanuman
Elements of Visual Elements of Visual ArtsArts
1. Lines1. Lines