sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping

8/14/2019 Sculpture is Three-dimensional Artwork Created by Shaping

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Sculpture is three-dimensionalartwork created by shaping or combining hard,

plastic material, wire, sound, text, light, commonly stone (eitherrock ormarble),

metal, glass, or wood. Some sculptures are created directly by finding orcarving;

others are assembled, built together and fired, welded, molded, orcast.

Sculptures are often painted.

Because sculpture involves the use ofmaterials that can be molded ormodulated, it is considered one of the plastic arts. The majority ofpublic art is

sculpture.

Three-dimensional space is a geometric model of the physical universe in which

we live. The three dimensions are commonly called length, width, and depth (orheight), although any three mutually perpendicular directions can serve as the

three dimensions.
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Types of sculptureSound sculpture - (related to sound art and sound installation) is an inter media

and time based artform in which sculpture or any kind of art object produces sound,or the reverse (in the sense that sound is manipulated in such a way as to create a

sculptural as opposed to temporal form or mass). Most often sound sculpture artists

were primarily either visual artists or composers, not having started out directly

making sound sculpture.

Experience "the sound of local birdsong, created through a series of computer-generated

sound components" at

a collaborative sound sculpture from Chicago artist Shawn Decker and Finnish artist Jan-Erik And

on the grounds of the Evanston Art Center.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_installationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composerhttp://www.evanstonartcenter.org/sculptures.aspxhttp://www.evanstonartcenter.org/sculptures.aspxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_installationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_art


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Light sculpture - is an intermedia and time based artform in which sculpture or

any kind of art object produces light, or the reverse (in the sense that light is

manipulated in such a way as to create a sculptural as opposed to temporal form or

mass). Most often light sculpture artists were primarily either visual artists or

composers, not having started out directly making light sculpture.
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Jewelry - (see American and British English spelling differences) is an item of personal

adornment, such as a necklace, ring, brooch or bracelet, that is worn by a person.Jewellery may be made from any material, such as gemstones, precious metals orshells

, besides other materials, depending on cultural differences and availability of materials.

Jewellery may be appreciated because of geometric or other patterns, or meaningful

symbols. Earrings and other body rings are also considered to be jewellery, while body

art is not. Also, items affixed to a garment, such as buttons, are not considered to be

jewellery, even if they are unusual and highly decorative. Also, items such as belts andhandbags etc. are not considered to be jewellery, and are considered to be accessories.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necklacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_%28jewellery%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_%28clothing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handbagshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_accessoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_accessoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handbagshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_%28clothing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_%28jewellery%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necklacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences


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Relief - is a sculpturedartwork where a modelled form is raised, or, in a sunken-

relief, lowered, from a plane from which the main elements of the composition

project (or sink). Reliefs are common throughout the world, for example on the walls

of monumental buildings. The frieze in the classical Corinthian order is often

enriched with bas-relief (low relief). Alto-relievo (high-relief) may be seen in the

pediments of classical temples, e.g., the Parthenon. Several panels or sections of

relief together may represent a sequence of scenes.
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Fountain - (from the Latin "fons" or "fontis", a source or spring) is a piece of

architecture which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air either to supply

drinking water or for decorative or dramatic effect.

Fountains were originally purely functional, connected to springs or aqueducts and

used to provide drinking water and water for bathing, but in ancient Rome they began

to be used as decorative elements in gardens and courtyards. The art of fountains

reached its peak in the fountains of the palaces ofMoorish Spain in the 14th century;in the Italian Renaissance garden in the 15th and 16th century; in the fountains of the

Gardens of Versailles in the seventeenth century; and the decorative fountains of

Rome in the seventeenth and eighteenth century
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Mobile - is a type ofkinetic sculpture constructed to take advantage of the principle ofequilibrium. It consists of a number of rods, from which weighted objects or further

rods hang. The objects hanging from the rods balance each other, so that the rods

remain more or less horizontal. Each rod hangs from only one string, which gives it

freedom to rotate about the string.

The sculptor Alexander Calder is well known for his mobiles. Calder invented the

mobile in 1931. Marcel Duchamp suggested the name "mobile Mobiles are alsopopular in the nursery, where they hang over cribs to give infants something to

entertain them and give them external visual stimulation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_sculpturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Calderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Duchamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Duchamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Calderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_sculpture


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A statue- is a sculpture in the round representing a person or persons, an animal, or

an event, normally full-length, as opposed to a bust, and at least close to life-size, or

larger.[1] Its primary concern is representational.

The definition of a statue is not always clear-cut; sculptures of a person on a horse,

called Equestrian statues, are certainly included, and in many cases, such as aMadonna and Child or a Piet, a sculpture of two people will also be. A small statue,

usually small enough to be picked up, is called a statuette orFigurine.

Many statues are built on commission to commemorate a historical event, or the life

of an influential person. Many statues are intended as public art, exhibited outdoors

or in public buildings for the edification of passers-by, with a larger magnitude than

normal words could ever have for the common man.
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A bust- is a sculpted or cast representation of the upper part of the human

figure, depicting a person's head and neck, as well as a variable portion of the

chest and shoulders. The piece is normally supported by a plinth. These

forms recreate the likeness of an individual. These may be of any suitable

material (such as marble, bronze orclay).
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Architectural sculpture - is the term for the use ofsculpture by an architect

and/or sculptor in the design of a building, bridge, mausoleum or other such

project. The sculpture is usually attached to the structure, but freestanding

works that are part of the original design are also considered to be architectural

sculpture.

It has also been defined as, an integral part of a building or sculpture created

especially to decorate or embellish an architectural structure.[1]

Architectural sculpture has been employed by builders throughout history and

in virtually every continent on earth save pre-colonial Australia.
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Materials of sculpture through history:

Sculptors have generally sought to produce works of art that are as permanent as possible, working in durable

and frequently expensive materials such as bronze and stone: marble, limestone, porphyry, and granite. More

rarely, precious materials such as gold, silver, jade, and ivory were used for chryselephantine works. More

common and less expensive materials were used for sculpture for wider consumption, including glass,

hardwoods (such as oak, box/boxwood, and lime/linden); terracotta and otherceramics, and cast metals such as

pewterand zinc (spelter).Sculptures are often painted, but commonly lose their paint to time, or restorers. Many different painting

techniques have been used in making sculpture, including tempera, [oil painting], gilding, house paint, aerosol,

enamel and sandblasting.

Many sculptors seek new ways and materials to make art. Jim Gary used stained glass and automobile parts,

tools, machine parts, and hardware. One of Pablo Picasso's most famous sculptures included bicycle parts.

Alexander Calder and other modernists made spectacular use of painted steel. Since the 1960s, acrylics and

other plastics have been used as well. Andy Goldsworthy makes his unusually ephemeral sculptures from almostentirely natural materials in natural settings. Some sculpture, such as ice sculpture, sand sculpture, and

gas sculpture, is deliberately short-lived.
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sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping

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