scwk240 week5(slides((1 stset)( - san jose state · pdf file ·...
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Surveys and Interviews
ScWk 240
Week 5 Slides (1st Set)
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Designing Questions
1. Closed vs. open-‐ended ques0ons § Exhaus0ve and mutually exclusive
2. Wording of ques0ons § Simple, short, direct and clear § Be careful in making references § Avoid double-‐barreled ques0ons § Never use slang terminology
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Designing Questions Structure and Design of Ques@onnaires
§ Be easy on the eyes and easy to complete
§ Direc@ons: clear & precise § Order: Begin with easy, interes0ng
items; opinion first, factual later
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Designing Questions Structure and Design of Ques@onnaires
§ Ques0on formats: § Place “X” in a box (£) § Filter ques0on § Con@ngency ques0on § Matrix ques0on
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Example of a Ques@onnaire
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Another Ques@onnaire Example
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Question Designing Structure and design of ques@onnaire
§ Be culturally sensi0ve
§ Conduct Pilot tes0ng
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Methods of Survey Research
Enhancing Response Rates: 1) Cover leNer
2) Payment/incen@ves
3) Mailing procedures
4) Length and appearance
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Self-‐Administered Ques@onnaires Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages (4): Quick and Inexpensive Geographically Convenient Be?er for SensiBve Personal QuesBons No Interviewer Bias
Disadvantages (5): Literacy Required May Not Be Easy to Comprehend No Opportunity to Probe or Ask Clarifying Quesitons No Assurance of Who is Actually Reponding Problem of Non-‐Respondents Causing Result Bias
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Standardized Interviews -‐ Strategies
§ Familiarity with ques@onnaire § Follow exact wording § Record open-‐ended ques@ons in
verba@m § Probe § Coordina@on and control
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Interview Example
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Interviews – Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages (4): Enhances Willingness to ParBcipate Can Help to MoBvate Respondents to Respond Correctly Offers and Opportunity to Explain QuesBons Can Add Useful ObservaBonal InformaBon
Disadvantages (3): More Expensive to Administer More Time-‐Consuming Greater Likelihood of Interviewer Bias
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Telephone Surveys Advantages: ▫ Less expensive ▫ Speedy
Disadvantages: ▫ Must be short à restricts data collec@on ▫ Lack of visual contact and observa@on ▫ Only for those who have landline phones? ▫ Many people are wary of phone calls
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Online Surveys
Advantages: ▫ Speed, low cost, ability to reach ▫ Anonymity Disadvantages: ▫ Representa@veness? ▫ Limited access
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Surveys with Diverse Communities
Issues to Consider:
v Community suspicion v Language barriers v Status difference v Contextual differences
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