sdr basics - copy
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SDR Basics and
Network Planning V1.0
GSMGSM Special Subject Training Material Special Subject Training Material
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Outline:
•ZXSDR equipment family
•ZXSDR networking and cascade
objective
•ZXSDR maximum configuration
•ZXSDR’s R!RR tec"nical criterion
•Differences between S#SR and
$#SR
•$#SR networking in two waysZXSDR
%& ZXSDR seriesequipment introduction
II. STSR andOTSR networking
III. ZXSDRequipment p & o
•%nfluences over o ' p
IV. ZXSDRequipment
applications
• (ig" speed
railway areas
•$#SR networking
)ink budget
*apacity planning
*"annel planning
+requency planning
•%ndoor coverage
•$utdoor coverage
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I. ZXSDR series eui!"entintroduction
. What is SDR?
2. What are the technological qualities of SDR?
3. What are ZXSDR series equipment? How aout the ma!imum configuration?
". What are the wa#s of networ$ing etween %%& an' R&(RR&?
). What is the ma!imum 'istance for RR& casca'e? What is the ma!imum numer
of casca'e tiles?
*. How to reali+e RR& casca'e s#nchroni+ation?
,. What is the ma!imum configuration for ZXSDR series equipment?
-. What is the asean' unit for ZXSDR equipment?
. What is the ra'io frequenc# processing unit for ZXSDR equipment?
/. 0irst technical specifications of R&(RR&1 Wor$ pattern? apacit#?
pplications? 4n'epen'ent networ$ing? With uilt5in cominer or not?
. Secon' technical specifications of R&(RR&1 6ower of set top unit? Wor$ing
frequenc# an's? %an'wi'th constraint? Sensiti7it#? ompatile with what
$in' of co7erage strengthening technologies? %asean' frequenc#5hopping
supporte' or not?
2. How is the carrier power allocate' for the multi5carrier ra'io unit?
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1. #$at is SDR 8
SDR Software Dened RadioThe same radio frequency channel module can be dened
as dierent modes by software. For example, it can be
dened as S! sin"le mode, #!TS sin"le mode, or $#
dual mode.
%&SDR series products ma'e SDR come true
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%. #$at are t$e tec$nological ualities o&SDR'
, multi-mode. multi-frequencyband. unified "ardware
platform
It is easier to realize te de!elopment
"rom #$%$ to '$
, platform structure of
separated baseband and radiofrequency
Te separated radio "requenc( makes it
possi)le to set up scattered )asestations% and more "le*i)le networking.
, baseband processing unit
built on u #*, structure
+etworks sare all te )oards e*cept te
)ase)and processing )oard.
, radio frequency unit wit"
broadband multi-carrier power
amplifier
+etworks o" te same )and can )e
con!erged onl( wit a so"tware
de"inition, wile tose o" di""erent )and
can )e con!erged onl( )( adding a R-
module.
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R-#
/0#
R-#1
RS-2
Outdoor macro /TS
/S03
R002
R002
R-2
/0#4R002 to
"orm a scattered
)ase station
μTCA structure, 2U high.
Processing capacity of each UBPG (12
TRX carrier freuency!
"o #ore than $ %ase%an& processing
%oar&s for each 1B'2
Co#pati%)e *ith G+U &ua) #o&e
-TRX for a sing)e ca%inet
a/i#u# configuration0 12+12+12 or
-+-+-+-+-+-
)e/i%)e &ep)oy#ent, co#pati%)e *ith G+U
&ua) #o&e
For a single piece of equipment it can be expanded from
36TRX to 72TRX.
S2!2!2 or S6!6!6!6!6!6 maximum
configuration for a single station "it#out an
additional piece of equipment
S2$!2$!2$ or S$!$!$!$!$!$ is t#e maximum
configuration for a single station "it# an additional piece of
equipment. %&t present' t#e additional piece of equipment is not
a(ailable' t#e period of (alidit) of t#e aperture expires on 3st'
*ec' 2$$+.,
-ompatible "it# !/ dual mode
Indoor macro /TS /S00
(. #$at are ZXSDR series eui!"ent' )ow a*out t$e"a+i"u" con,guration'
/ dual mode multi0carrier
& single R116$ configuration is 06 S
carrier frequenc) or 0 /TS carrier
frequenc). T#e maximum configuration is
4/. %&t present' 2/ configuration is not
supported b) R1.2,
Outdoor micro /TS /S032 $2
& one0piece cabinet onl)
supports RS/6$' or
%toget#er "it#, more t#an
one R116$5 & di(ided
cabinet onl) supports t#e
configuration of R116$5
aximum
configuration S2!2!2
or S6!6!6!6!6!6
S1+$6 $6$ is a single
mode S product.
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-. #$at are t$e was o& networking *etween BB/and R/RR/'
1 single station "or no more tan 2 cellsSupport networking wa(s5
Star topolog(% 6# ligt inter"aces "or 6# R-7RR-
8ain topolog(% RR- "or no more tan ' cascade
tiles,
9i*ed topolog(% "or '0 RR- at most
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. #$at is t$e "a+i"u" distance &or RR/ cascade'#$at is t$e "a+i"u" nu"*er o& cascade tiles'
:or cain topolog(% te ma*imum num)er o" cascade tiles is
'
Te ma*imum distance )etween //- and te last RR- is
6km
R02 R02 R02 R02
$8m
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2.)ow to reali3e RR/ cascadesnc$roni3ation'
The system can automatically calculate the delay between ((#and RR#, and ma'e a compensation for it. Since ((# will
measure the delay of each RR# and compensate for it, RR#
cascade synchroni)ation can be reali)ed.
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4. #$at is t$e "a+i"u" con,guration &or ZXSDR serieseui!"ent'
/quipment types0aximum carrier
frequency for a
single station
0aximum configuration for a single station
1S2233
0ain piece 4
additional piece 5&t present' t#e additional piece of equipment isnot a(ailable' t#e period of (alidit) oft#e aperture expires on3st' *ec' 2$$+6
6$ S2$!2$!2$ or S$!$!$!$!$!$
0ain piece 36 S2!2!2 or S6!6!6!6!6!6
1S2733 36 S2!2!2 or S6!6!6!6!6!6
1S2738 9383 6$ S2$!2$!2$ or S$!$!$!$!$!$
1S2:33 6$ S2$!2$!2$ or S$!$!$!$!$!$
%t is suggested t"at S;<!;<!;< or S8!8!8!8!8!8 s"ould be t"e maximum for a
single station&
%f t"e configuration for a cell is no more t"an ;<#RX. one antenna and
feeder
is needed&
%f it is more t"an ;<#RX. t"ere are two possible solutions=
;& ,dd one antenna and feeder 5recommended6 9
<& ,dd one bridge 5>d1 loss. not recommended?6
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5. #$at is t$e *ase*and unit &or ZXSDReui!"ent'
3 Power "odule : P6 ;<
3 Pro7ide !ower &or eac$ *oard8
3 De&ault setting is 19 and 11 *acku! is o!tional.
3 Site alar" : S; ;<
3 It integrates t$e &unction o& en7iron"ent "onitor andcontrol and t$at o& <1inter&ace. It !ro7ides 5 node!orts "onitors9 2 in and % out9 and 5 <1=1inter&aces8
3 1 ,+ed con,guration
3 >ontrol and clock and switc$ *oard : >> ;<3 It is res!onsi*le &or t$e switc$ *etween "edia strea"
and control ?ow8
3 It controls t$e clock and "onitors t$e insertion *o+8
3 @< inter&ace on t$e !anel is suita*le &or eit$er o!ticalor !ower access9 and is &or ;*is trans"ission. It also!ro7ides @PS antenna inter&ace8
3 De&ault setting is 19 and and 11 *acku! is o!tional.
3 Ai*er switc$ *oard : AS ;<3 It is used to switc$ I signal8
3 <ac$ AS *oard su!!orts 2 ,*er inter&ace9 used &orconnection wit$ R/ "odule8
3 De&ault setting is 19 and t$e "a+i"u" con,guration is%9 w$ic$ de!ends on t$e nu"*er o& o!tical !orts
3 @# *ase*and *oard : /BP@BP> ;<
3 It is used to deal wit$ *ase*and signal8
3 @S6 and #>D6; use diCerent t!es o& *ase*and
/BP@ or BP>E. One /BP@ su!!orts 1% =RX8
3 Aan "odule A;E:
3 It is on one side o& su*rack to dissi!ate $eat8
3 1 ,+ed con,guration
Po*er #o&u)e
Site alarm
Contro) 4 c)oc5
4 s*itch %oar&
Fiber
switch
boardGSM
baseband /
WCDMA
baseband
an #o&u)e
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F. #$at is t$e radio &reuenc !rocessing unit &orZXSDR eui!"ent'
R-#
R-#1
RS-2
R002
R-2
RS-'/uilt;in "requenc(
module
Remote radio ead
module
$ single mode
dual;carrier
- single mode
multi;carrier
9 dual mode
multi-carrier$- dual mode
multi;carrier
$- dual mode
multi;carrier
R2283 9738!9;28@@$utput power of t"e set-top unit 83w
R2283 9732!9;22!92A2!9;72
@@$utput power of t"e set-top unit 23w
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10. =ec$nical s!eci,cations &or RAP unit R/RR/ 1E
R/!RR/ t)pe ode -apacit) for oneR/!RR/
&pplications 4n'epen'entnetwor$ing? %uilt5incominer?
R/$2S single modedual0carrier
2TRXSuitable for lo"!medium traffic areas "it# no more t#an carrier for eac# cell
=es =es
R/$2&S single modedual0carrier
2TRXSuitable for lo"!medium traffic areas' and expanded to S b)integrating "it# R/$2
>o =es
R/6$/ dual modemulti0carrier
S 6TRX or
/TS - or4/ "#ic# is t#emaximum configurationfor t#e dual mode
S S2
configuration @ suitable formedium!large traffic areas'compatible "it# !/ dual modenet"or8ing configuration.
=es >o
RS/6$/ dual modemulti0carrier
S 6TRX or
/TS - or4/ "#ic# is t#emaximum configurationfor t#e dual mode
S S2 configuration'
suitable for lo"!large traffic areas or outdoor co(erage
=es >o
R116$/+$6!/16!/+$1!11!/191!+1
/ dual modemulti0carrier
S 6TRX or/TS - or4/ "#ic# is t#emaximum configurationfor t#e dual mode
S S2 configuration' in
form of scattered base stations'and suitable for some specialapplications' li8e rail"a) areas'indoor co(erage' and ultra longrange co(erage.
=es >o
6 TD-< unit in R-#%
and # antenna and
"eeder inter"aces on
te panel,
+o TD-< unit in
R-#1% no antenna
and "eeder inter"ace
on te panel,
So independent
R-#1 networking is
not e*pected% and it
can onl( integrate wit
R-# to "orm S'.
Strongl(
recommended radio
"requenc( processing
units=
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11. =ec$nical s!eci,cations &or RAP unit R/RR/ %E
R/!RR/ t)pe
Set0top unit output po"er :
:or8 frequenc) band
:or8 band"idt#
Ssensiti(it)
Support offrequenc)#opping
-o(eragestrengt#ening
tec#nolog)S; 10<S;
R/$2$" @ uponcombination 2$:
29 @ upon
combination 2.9:+$$!1$$ 29!79 02dm
asebandfrequenc)0#opping!radiofrequenc)0#opping
*<-T!**T!F:*R!=R-
R/$2&$" @ uponcombination 2$:
29 @ uponcombination 2.9:
+$$!1$$ 29!79 02dm
asebandfrequenc)0#opping!radiofrequenc)0#opping
*<-T!**T!F:*R!=R-
R/6$
6$: @ po"er
configuration percarrier
$: @ po"er
configuration percarrier
>S!+$$!1$$
/ dualmode 2$5 singlemode $
03dm
asebandfrequenc)0
#opping!radiofrequenc)0#opping
**T!F:*R!=R-
RS/6$1$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
9$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
>S!+$$!1$$!19$!+$$
/ dualmode 2$5 singlemode 9
03dm
asebandfrequenc)0#opping!radiofrequenc)0#opping
**T!F:*R!=R-
R116$/+$6!/16
6$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
>S!+$$!1$$
/ dualmode 2$5 single
mode $
03dm
asebandfrequenc)0#opping!radiofrequenc)0
#opping
**T!F:*R!=R-
R116$/+$1!11!/191!+1
1$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
9$: @ po"erconfiguration percarrier
>S!+$$!1$$!19$!+$$
/ dualmode 2$5 singlemode 9
03dm
asebandfrequenc)0#opping!radiofrequenc)0#opping
**T!F:*R!=R-
Te )andwidt constraint
requires more
consideration a)out
"requenc( planning% somore di""iculties come
along=
Tis in"luences link
)udget% and di""ers "rom
te traditional co!erage
planning.
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1%. )ow is t$e carrier !ower allocated &or t$e "ultiGcarrierradio unit'
RU+RRU type
The tota)output po*er
of the set6top unit 7
The configuration of #a/i#u#output po*er per carrier for R'.2
7
RU- -7
G < 8 )e9e)s17+127+1$7+27+7+:7+-7UT < 27+7+:7
RU- '7
G < ; )e9e)s17+127+1$7+27+2$7+7+:7+-7+'7UT < 27+7+:7
R''-GU;-+GU1'-
-7
G < 8 )e9e)s
17+127+1$7+27+7+:7+-7UT < 27+7+:7
R''-GU;'+G1''+GU'$'+G1;'
'7
G
< ; )e9e)s17+127+1$7+27+2$7+7+:7+-7+'7UT < 27+7+:7
R2&< version : t"e existing version ;<
;& #"e output power of eac" 9S0 carrier
frequency in t"e same radio frequency module
must be t"e same&
<& #"e degree of adjustment for eac" carrier
frequency must be t"e same w"en t"e power
level needs to be adjusted&
>& 9S0 carrier frequency number Bpower per
carrier frequency 4 0#S carrier power C t"e
total output power of t"e set-top unit
R7 version <
;& #"e output power of eac" 9S0 carrier
frequency in t"e same radio frequency module
can be configured respectively&
<& #"e degree of adjustment for eac" carrier
frequency can be different w"en t"e power level
needs to be adjusted&
. 9S0 carrier frequency number Bpower percarrier frequency 4 0#S carrier power C t"e
total output power of t"e set-top unit
nder t"is premise. t"e output power of eac"
carrier frequency can be customiEed in t"e
range of 3 t"e maximum value&
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II. S=SR and O=SR networking
1. #$at is S=SRO=SR networking'
%. #$at is "ultiGcarrier co"*ining'
(. #$at are t$e &or"s o& O=SR networking'
-. #$at is t$e in?uence o& O=SR networking o7er t$e
Internet'
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1. #$at is S=SRO=SR networking'
3 Sectori?ed TX Sectori?ed RX
: sectori?ed transmitter and
sectori?ed recei(er ;
3 co(erage ?one for eac# cell
: not including repeater s)stem ;
3 T#e same as traditional omni site or @
sector site net"or8ing
3 Amni TX Sectori?ed RX
: Amni transmitter and sectori?ed
recei(er ;
3 more t#an co(erage ?one for
eac# cell
3 Bogicall)' t#is net"or8ing allo"s
se(eral antennas of different
locations and directions to be in
one cell
3 ATSR can be reali?ed b) a
traditional po"er di(ider' or S*R
multi0carrier combining.
S#SR $#SR
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%. #$at is 6ulti >arrier /nite>o"*ine'
!*#! < !ulti *arrier #nite *ombine
! RR# are connected with + antenna ! is a multiple of +,
-alues can be A /01
2o"ically, all the carrier of RR# belon"s to one cell @ the
downlin' si"nals of a number of RR# are the same @ and the
uplin' si"nals are combined throu"h choices.
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(. #$at are t$e &or"s o& O=SRnetworking'
The form of !*#!
3TSR4/ 5/ station model reali)ed by!*#! needs / R6675 with / carrier
for each. The output power of the set4
top unit is 859.
3TSR reali)ed by !*#! doesn:t
incorporate extra loss.
The form of power di-ider
The form of power di-ider can bereali)ed by any base station form. Forexample< (656@ 3TSR4/ 3/ stationmodel with /TR& @ and a /59 set4topunit. 9ith the 8d( loss by powerdi-ider@ the power is reduced to59.
(y the use of powder di-ider @ 8d(loss is incorporated@ and the powerof the set4top unit is reduced by half.
R002
,nt;
3F
,nt<
83F
R002
,nt;
3F
,nt<
83F
Gower divider
>d1
$nly t"e
emission pat"
is drawn "ere&
Bogicall)' t#e t"o directions of
co(erage %$!6$, belong to t#e
same cell : bot# t#e
configuration and t#e c#annel
number are t#e same ;9T#e motion among t#e cells
co(ered b) t#e t"o antennae
doesnCt need
reselection!#ando(er among t#e
cells.
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-. In?uence o& O=SR networking o7er t$einternet
%nfluence over t"e performance of t"e %nternet•Reduction of t#e reselection!#ando(er bet"een cells66
%nfluence over t"e frequency and t"e planning of t"e nearby cell•Ane cell ma) #a(e se(eral co(erage directions' possible coD adEacent interference on all directions needs
consideration. >speciall)' in cities of great intensit)' frequenc) planning is more difficult。•ig#0speed rail"a) co(erage s#ould use -/ ATSR' t#e distance of frequenc) reuse is increased' and t#e
planning is easier.•T#e increase of co(erage directions of a cell means t#e increase of co(erage range. So t#is is no longer onl) limited
b) t#e beam"idt# and gain of eac# antenna , but more consideration is put into t#e nearb) cell.
##
#"e influence over t"e coverage and t"e planning of capacity•T#e recei(ed signal of t#e uplin8 @ antenna is combined t#roug#
c#oices, so t#e uplin8 recei(e di(ersit) gain is increased' and t#e qualit) of
uplin8 co(erage is impro(ed。•Since @ direction antennae transmit t#e same signal' so t#e do"nlin8 #as t#e
transmit di(ersit). T#at is' b) increasing an irrele(ant transmit energ)' t#e lin8
gain is impro(ed so as to confront -!= fluctuation caused b) multi0lin8 and to
impro(e t#e qualit) of do"nlin8 co(erage.•ATSR net"or8ing reali?ed b) S*R multi carrier unite combine can a(oid 3d
loss caused b) use of po"er di(ider' so t#e output po"er of t#e set0top unit is
guaranteed.•For ATSR net"or8ing' in t#e same logical cell' t#e same carrier of different
R/!RR/ must be configured on t#e same /<.•Bimited b) t#e relations#ip bet"een R/!RR/ carrier configuration and po"er
distribute' more attention is paid to t#e balance bet"een co(erage and
capacit).
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III. In?uence o& ZXSDR eui!"ent o7er network!lanning and o!ti"i3ation
1. In?uence o& SDR o7er network ! H o 1E
%. In?uence o& SDR o7er network ! H o %E
(. #$at is t$e diCerence *etween ZXSDR and t$e link *udget o& traditional *ase station'
-. #$at is t$e out!ut !ower o& t$e setGto! unit o& R/RR/ wit$ diCerent con,guration'
. #$at s$ould *e considered o7er t$e calculation o& &eeder loss "ade * a distri*uted
*ase station'
2. #$at is t$e in?uence o& O=SR networking o7er link *udget'
4. #$at s$ould *e considered as to ZXSDR ca!acit !lanning'
5. Is t$e c$annel !lanning o& ZXSDR is t$e sa"e as a traditional *ase station'
F. )ow does "ultiGcarrier R/RR/ *andwidt$ constraint in?uence &reuenc !lanning'
10. #$at is t$e in?uence o& BB/ constraint o7er 6; con,guration w$en *ase*and
&reuencG$o!!ing $a!!ens'
11. <+a"!les &or t$e constraint o& ZXSDR eui!"ent o7er &reuenc !lanning
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1. #$at is t$e in?uence o& SDR o7er network ! Ho 1E
%t provides t"e best smoot" evolution
plan towards #*$ radio network&
%t improves t"e network p ' o
tec"nology for t"e <!>9 convergence
Remote radio "ead composes a
distributed base station&
%t provides better network o ' psolutions for special scenes. e&g&. "ig"-
speed railway. indoor coverage and
dense urban spaces wit" complicated
transmission environment&
ZXSDR equipment supports baseband
frequency-"opping&%t enric"es frequency planning&
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%. #$at is t$e in?uence o& SDR o7er network ! Ho %E
Hork bandwidt" constraint of multi;
carrier R-7RR-
makes frequency planning more
difficult&
#"e close relations"ip between t"e
power of set-top unit of multi;carrier
R-7RR- and its capacit(
makes t"e following planning and
optimiEation of network capacity
expansion more complicated&
*onfiguration of < set of data for $0*R
and $0*1
makes t"e implementation and
maintenance of t"e project more
difficult&
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(. #$at is t$e diCerence *etween ZXSDR and t$e link*udget o& traditional *ase station'
8alculation o" te
power o" set;top unit
8onsiderations "or
"eeder loss
OTSR networking )rings uplink7downlink gain.
Dual;carrier is te same as a traditional
)ase station
Te power o" set;top unit o" multi;carrier
R-7RR- is equall( sared.
+o di""erence e*ists )etween te "eed line
connection o" SDR macro /TS and tat o" a
traditional )ase station.
8alculation o" "eeder loss "or a distri)uted
)ase station is di""erent.
>en SDR multi;
carrier radio "requenc(
processing unit is
adopted% it does not
need to con"igure"eeder arrester=
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-. #$at is t$e out!ut !ower o& t$e setGto! unit o& R/RR/ wit$diCerent con,guration'
3+ow multi;carrier R-7RR- "ollows te
principle o" equipartition o" carrierpower B 1t present% "or R0.# !ersion% te
ma*imum output power o" eac carrier
must )e con"igured at te same le!el=
Carriernu#%er
RU2 +RU2A RU-+R''-(-7!
RU-+R''-('7!
G The #a/i#u#po*er per carrierG< (7!
The #a/i#u#po*er per carrierG< (7!
The #a/i#u#po*er per carrierG< (7!
1 : - '
2 : :
2 2 2$
: 2 1$ 2
$ 12 1$
- 1 12
GCarriernu#%er
UTCarriernu#%er
RU-+R''-(-7! RU-+R''-('7!
The#a/i#u#po*er percarrier of
G (7!
The#a/i#u#po*er percarrier of
UT (7!
The#a/i#u#po*er percarrier of
G (7!
The#a/i#u#po*er percarrier of
UT (7!
1 1 : 2 - 2
2 1 2 2 2
1 12 2 2 2
: 1 1 2 1$ 2
Te output power o" set;top unit o" $S9
wit 0<S? modulation is a)out #d/ lower
tan tat o" $S9 wit $9S? modulation.
3I" dual;carrier R-#7R-#1 is S@S'% te
loss "or internal com)iner is d/.
66
##
$S9
single
mode
con"igur
ation
$7-dual;
mode
con"igur
ation
Te output power o" set;top unit o" -9TSper carrier sould )e #> at least. It can
also )e con"igured as > or '>. 1t
present% R0.# !ersion onl( supports te
dual mode X$46- con"iguration.
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. >onsiderations &or t$e &eeder loss "ade * adistri*uted *ase station
%nstallation near
an antenna
;
RR/ and / is connected
b) fiber 9
RR/ and antenna is
connected b) !2G Eumper.
#"e installation
position keeps a
distance from
bot" 11 and
t"e antenna&
<
RR/ is installed on t#e
platform of a to"er : a
platform under t#e antenna;
@ or installed at t#e roof and
it is lo"er t#an t#e antenna 9
RR/ and / is connected
b) fiber 9
RR/ and t#e antenna is
connected in a normal "a) b)2 !2G Eumper 4 main feed
line %7!1G or 9!G or 3!1G
feed line,' t#e lengt# of main
feed line is t#e distance
bet"een RR/ and t#e
antenna.
. 2m HG loss for softer Eumper
2. 2 connector loss
Heightof
antenna(#!
=eightof
RRUon
p)atfor # (#!
Cength of,(-mainfee'line(#!
>ength of ? Dumpe
r (#!
2onnector
@lightningarrester
;(&B!
1'(&B!
$ $ : -@1 2.'; :.:
$ 1 : : -@1 2.$ .:-
$ 2 : -@1 2.11 2.';
$ 2 : -@1 1.8 2.1
$ $ 2 2 .2 .:
. 2I2m HG softer Eumper loss
2. ain feed line loss bet"een RR/ and
t#e antenna
3. 6 connectors loss
#"e table "ere is only for reference. in practice please
calculate according to specific conditions?
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2. #$at is t$e in?uence o& O=SR networking o7er link*udget'
plink=plink=
Several antenna diversity receivers in one logical cell isSeveral antenna diversity receivers in one logical cell is
combined according to 0R*. so it is believed t"at t"ere iscombined according to 0R*. so it is believed t"at t"ere is
<d1 gain of I diversity receivers&<d1 gain of I diversity receivers&
plink=plink=
Several antenna diversity receivers in one logical cell isSeveral antenna diversity receivers in one logical cell is
combined according to 0R*. so it is believed t"at t"ere iscombined according to 0R*. so it is believed t"at t"ere is
<d1 gain of I diversity receivers&<d1 gain of I diversity receivers&
Downlink Downlink <<
Several antennae transmit t"e same signal& So by increasingSeveral antennae transmit t"e same signal& So by increasing
some irrelevant transmit energy. t"e link gain is improved tosome irrelevant transmit energy. t"e link gain is improved to
confront *!% fluctuation caused by multi-link and to get t"econfront *!% fluctuation caused by multi-link and to get t"e
downlink transmit diversity gain. at t"e value of < d1&downlink transmit diversity gain. at t"e value of < d1&
Downlink Downlink <<
Several antennae transmit t"e same signal& So by increasingSeveral antennae transmit t"e same signal& So by increasing
some irrelevant transmit energy. t"e link gain is improved tosome irrelevant transmit energy. t"e link gain is improved to
confront *!% fluctuation caused by multi-link and to get t"econfront *!% fluctuation caused by multi-link and to get t"e
downlink transmit diversity gain. at t"e value of < d1&downlink transmit diversity gain. at t"e value of < d1&
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4. #$at s$ould *e considered as to ZXSDR ca!acit!lanning'
9utual constraints
)etween co!erage
and capacit(
Te ma*imumconstraint o" carrier
supported )( R-7RR-
and //-
OTSR networking
=f t#e number of carrier needed b) t#e cell is more t#an "#at a single
R/!RR/ supports' t#e increase of R/!RR/ s#ould be considered. ut t#equantit) s#ould not o(erpass t#e maximum configuration for a single station.
•*ual0carrier module R/$2!R/$2& is suitable for configuration lo"er t#an
S.-onfiguration for S3 s#ould be c#ec8ed b) a combiner to see if t#e
po"er of set0top unit satisfies co(erage requirement.•T#e po"er of set0top unit of multi0carrier module R/6$!RS/6$!R116$ is
s#ared b) eac# carrier. =f t#e carrier frequenc) for a single R/!RR/ is too
muc#' t#e po"er of set0top unit for eac# carrier frequenc) "ill be too
small. =n t#is case' t#e po"er of set0top unit s#ould be c#ec8ed to see if it
satisfies co(erage requirement. =f not @ one more R/!RR/ s#ould be
added to ensure t#at t#e carrier frequenc) for eac# R/!RR/ is proper. T#is
is especiall) important "#en t#e net"or8 is to be mo(ed B
:#en t#e logical carrier frequenc) for eac# cell is decided' t#e p#)sical
carrier frequenc) s#ould be calculated according to t#e quantit) of
R/!RR/ and antenna. T#e quantit) of /< board s#ould be calculated
according to p#)sical carrier frequenc) but not logical carrier frequenc).
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5. Is t$e c$annel !lanning o& ZXSDR is t$e sa"e as atraditional *ase station'
For the hardware part, %&SDR has no limitation forchannel plannin" and con"uration, and the channel
plannin" is the same as a traditional base
station @ and it supports all types of channel <
3 SD**;
3 T*;
3 <D*;
3 ;R$FR
3 Dynamic$ static channel allocation
3 Dynamic channel translatin"
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F. )ow does "ultiGcarrier R/RR/ *andwidt$ constraintin?uence &reuenc !lanning'
Tere are constraints "or te operation )andwidt o" multi;carrier radio "requenc( processing unit
AR-27RS-27R002B. +o matter it is )ase)and "requenc(;opping% radio "requenc(;opping% or no
"requenc(;opping% te multi;carrier radio "requenc( processing unit must )e con"igured wit a
center "requenc(. 1ll te "requencies o" all carrier "requencies in tis radio unit must not )e larger
tan 67# operation )andwidt a)o!e or )elow te center "requenc(. Cere are te detailed operation
)andwidt speci"ications5
6
@69Cz
# ' 2 E 0 3 6
6@#9Cz
RR-6 RR-#RR-
1G966
9ulti;carrier radio "requenc( processingunit t(pe
$S9singlemode
$- dualmode
+otes
RU-+R''- GU;-+GU1'-
1 2 . For / dual mode' t#e total band"idt# of 7 is not ac#ie(ed b)R D * engineers' t#at is S2 @ /TS 9.
2. The sing)e G #o&e of -7 #o&u)e is 1. Theconfiguration of freuencies #ust not %e )arger than $ a%o9eor %e)o* the center freuency.. The sing)e G #o&e of of '7 #o&u)e is 1$. Theconfiguration of freuencies #ust not %e )arger than 8.$a%o9e or %e)o* the center freuency.
RU-+R''- GU;'+GU1''+GU'$'+GU1;'
1$ 2
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10. #$at is t$e in?uence o& BB/ constraint o7er 6; con,gurationw$en *ase*and &reuencG$o!!ing $a!!ens'
*onstraint of baseband
frequency-"opping
aseband frequenc)0#opping is
limited b) t#e processing capacit) of
*S< on /<' t#e number of
frequenc) point for &Bist s#ould
be no more t#an 2 E See t#e
example of -ell on t#e rig#t.
aseband frequenc)0#opping "it#in
cell but more t#an /<' 2
&Bist s#ould be configured.
See t#e example of -ell2 on t#e
rig#t. ere its frequenc) points are
configured on bot# /< and
/<2' so eac# needs a &list
(A2 an& A!.
-/<$68ell 67916 8ell# 7 91#
-/<$#8ell 791'8ell# 7 91
-/<$68ell 67916
-/<$#8ell6 7 91#
8ell678ell#78ell% wit 0 carrier "requenc( "or eac% wic uses
)ase)and "requenc(;opping% te 91Fist con"ituration is as
"ollows <8ell 67916 G 0 carriers, 8ell #791# G ' carriers,
8ell #791 G ' carriers, 8ell 791' G 0 carriers,
:or 8ell#% te con"iguration o" 91G0 carriers is not allowed B
:or 8ell6 wit 62TRX% wic uses )ase)and "requenc(;opping%
te 91Fist con"iguration is as "ollows <8ell 67916 G 6# carriers, 8ell 6791# G ' carriers,916G62 carriers is not allowed B
%t only influences 0, configuration
for baseband frequency-"opping.
and doesn’t influence radio
frequency-"opping?
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11. <+a"!les &or t$e constraint o& ZXSDReui!"ent o7er &reuenc !lanning
J$&Scenarios
: RR-6G@69Cz 9 RR-#G6@#9Cz ;Kes!Jo 8
aseband frequenc)0#opping bet"een RR/ andRR/2 of t#e same cell and t#e same /<
Jes
2aseband frequenc)0#opping bet"een RR/ andRR/2 of t#e same cell' but different /<
@o
3Radio frequenc)0#opping bet"een RR/ and RR/2of t#e same cell
@o
Separate radio frequenc)0#opping on RR/ and RR/2
of t#e same cell
Jes
9:it#in one cell' some frequenc) points for basebandfrequenc)0#opping' and some for radio frequenc)0#opping
Jes
6An t#e same RR/' baseband frequenc)0#opping andradio frequenc)0#opping b) t#e same carrier frequenc)
@o
/&g&. t"e configuration of frequency point for bot" RR; and
RR< is ;30(E&
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IV. Scenarios &or t$e a!!lication o& ZXSDReui!"ent
1. 7hat are the scenarios for the app)ication of XR euip#ent
2. 7hat is the app)ication of DTR for high6spee& rai)*ay )i5e
. 7hat shou)& %e consi&ere& as to the app)ication for high6spee& rai)*ay net*or5
p)anning
:. 7hat shou)& %e consi&ere& for han&o9er+rese)ection para#eters p)anning for high6
spee& rai)*ay app)ication
$. 7hat is the so)ution for DTR app)ication in cities of great intensity ()i5e =ong <ong!
-. 7hat is the app)ication for in&oor co9erage of a &istri%ute& %ase station )i5e
8. 7hat is the app)ication for u)tra )ong range co9erage of a &istri%ute& %ase station )i5e
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1. #$at are t$e scenarios &or t$e a!!lication o& ZXSDReui!"ent'%&SDR is a series of base station equipment, and satises dierent
'inds of application scenarios=
#"e networking for a distributed base
station is more flexible. and is quite
suitable for t"ese scenarios=
(ig" speed motion scenarios @ e&g&. "ig"-speed railway or "ig"ways 9*ities of "ig" intensity w"ic" need t"ree-
dimensional coverage @ e&g&. (ong
Long 9indoor coverage @ e&g&. s"opping malls.
"otels. etc&M
outdoor coverage @ e&g&. deserts. sea
coverage&
/0#
R002 R002
0acro 1#S is suitable for t"e following scenarios.
e&g&. cities of "ig" intensity. urban areas. suburban
areas. rural areas. and roads& #"is application is
similar wit" traditional macro 1#S&
Suitable for $#SRnetworking to reduce
"andover!reselection
between cells
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%. #$at is t$e a!!lication o& O=SR &or $ig$Gs!eed railwa like'
Se!eral RR- are con"igured in one logical cell%
connected troug OTSR networking
S(ncronized and undistorted remotion realized )(
//- and RR-
Te deplo( is "le*i)le% te construction o" network is"ast% and equipment rooms and oter kinds o" rele!ant
resources can )e sa!ed,
RR- supports cascade ierarcical remote @ and is
suita)le "or continuous co!erage "or )elt like areas,
Te con"iguration o" se!eral RR- in one cell is
supported% longer cell co!erage is realized% and
ando!er )etween cells is reduced,
/ecause o" te s(ncronized and undistorted remotion
and "requenc( o""set compensation )etween //- and
RR-% te qualit( o" co!erage is guaranteed.
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(. #$at s$ould *e considered as to t$e a!!lication &or$ig$Gs!eed railwa network !lanning'
+etworkplanning
>at sould )e considered "or ig;speed railwa( network planningH
Co9eragep)anning
Co#pare& to the pu%)ic net*or5, the &esign of signa) )e9e) shou)& pay #ore attention to the fa&ing #argin &uring the ti#e ofhan&o9er ED9er)apping areas of neigh%or ce))s shou)& %e consi&ere&, especia))y rese)ection+han&o9er %et*een ce))sEThe )ocation of RRU shou)& not %e too far fro# the rai)*ay , no #ore than $# is suita%)eEChoice of types of antenna < =igh6spee& rai)*ay specia) net*or5 for#s a ri%%on co9erage, narro* %ea# )o%e, horiFonta) %ea#*i&this a%out $ &egree, is suita%)eE the antenna gain shou)& %e 1' 21&BiE the antenna shou)& not %e too high, an& it shou)& %e )o*er
than that of a pu%)ic net*or5, an& the suggeste& height is $ 1#E: TRX &i9ersity gain for up)in5E trans#ission &i9ersity gain for &o*n)in5
Capacityp)anning
The carrier freuency for each ce)) is ca)cu)ate& accor&ing to the nu#%er of passengers, an& the c)assic traffic #o&e) for high6spee&rai)*ay. The configuration of carrier freuency for each RRU is the sa#e in one ce))Ef possi%)e, areas a)ong the rai)*ay shou)& use the sa#e >AC to a9oi& freuent )ocation up&ateEDn >AC %or&er, CC= shou)& %e a&&e& proper)y to re&uce signa)ing Ha# cause& %y )ocation up&ate.
reuencyp)anning
The specia) net*or5 uses ; freuency point to re&uce the inf)uence of opp)er shiftEt is suggeste& that so#e freuency point shou)& %e reser9e& for high6spee& rai)*ay specia) net*or5 Ef the freuency point is share& %y a specia) net*or5 an& a pu%)ic net*or5, it is suggeste& that the specia) net*or5 BBC= #ust useTC= freuency point of the pu%)ic net*or5 for p)anning , *hen freuency p)anning is #a&e for high6spee& rai)*ay specia) net*or5. o itcan %e a9oi&e& that a su%scri%er is *rong)y connecte& to a specia) net*or5 ce)), *hen he po*ers on the phone near the specia)net*or5 ce))EThe )ocation of "CC of a specia) net*or5 shou)& a)so %e &ifferent fro# that of a pu%)ic net*or5 so as to guarantee the in&epen&enceof the specia) net*or5 *hen it is p)anne&.
"eigh%orce))sp)anning
The specia) net*or5 for high6spee& rai)*ay an& the pu%)ic net*or5 are re)ati9e)y in&epen&ent. The configuration of neigh%or ce))s areon)y for areas %et*een the station an& the pu%)ic net*or5. =ere are the specific suggestions0
Ce))s near the station an& the *aiting roo# are configure& as neigh%or ce))s to %e use& as a area for transition an& iso)ation%et*een the pu%)ic net*or5 an& the specia) net*or5E o it can %e guarantee& that the ce)) phones of passengers can %econnecte& to the pu%)ic net*or5 *hen their tra9e) is finishe&E7hen the train is #o9ing, there is no configuration of neigh%or ce))s %et*een the specia) net*or5 an& the pu%)ic net*or5,an& the configuration of neigh%or ce))s is on)y %et*een specia) net*or5sE 7hen the train is #o9ing, it shou)& %e guarantee&that the ce)) phone is *ithin the specia) net*or5E the ce))s, *hich are configure& as neigh%or ce))s for a specific ce)), are t*oce))s right %efore an& after that specific ce)), so the nu#%er of neigh%or ce))s can %e re&uce&.
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-.1 Princi!les o& $ando7erreselection !ara"eters!lanning &or $ig$Gs!eed railwa station s!ecialnetwork cell
=mportant parameters Suggestions
RxBe(&ccessin & platform cell s#ould be 2d lo"er t#an a public net"or8.
-RA %c#oosing and reselection offset, & platform cell s#ould be $ d #ig#er t#an a public net"or8.
TA %temporar) offset, $
<T %penalt) time, $
-R
ando(er algorit#m
Set on uplin8!do"nlin8 #ando(er based on qualit)'uplin8!do"nlin8 #ando(er based on signal le(el' <T#ando(er' rapid signal le(el drop #ando(er %t#e rele(ant cellss#ould be a c#ain net"or8,.
<T t#res#old
=t is suggested t#at <T t#res#old of #ando(er from t#e public net"or8 to t#e special net"or8 cell s#ould be reduced.=t is suggested t#at <T t#res#old of #ando(er from t#especial net"or8 to t#e public net"or8 s#ould be increased.
S*-- #ando(er Set on %t#e platform special net"or8 cell,
ando(er preprocessing $ : t#e platform special net"or8 cell ;
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-.% !rinci!les o& $ando7erreselection !ara"eters !lanning&or $ig$Gs!eed railwa c$ain s!ecial network cell
=mportant parameters Suggestions
-2 parameter s#ould be set onor not @o
ando(er algorit#m
Set on uplin8!do"nlin8 #ando(er based on qualit)' uplin8!do"nlin8#ando(er based on signal le(el' <T #ando(er' rapid signal le(eldrop #ando(er %t#e special net"or8 cell s#ould be a c#ain net"or8,
<T t#res#old
=t is suggested t#at t#e <T t#res#old of #ando(er bet"een special
net"or8 cells s#ould be 27 %3d,
S*-- #ando(er Set on
&(erage "indo" si?e 2
Be(el!qualit) #ando(er @!< 2!
<T #ando(er @!< 2!
Rapid signal le(el drop#ando(er @ (alue 2
T#e s#ortest #ando(er inter(al $
oFail<enalt)Time bet"eencells $
ando(er preprocessing $
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. BB/RR/ O=SR networking in)ong ong
OTSR; as antennae "or directions% eac o" wic co!ers di""erent target co!erage areas.
-suall(% on eac direction% te target co!erage area is limited% )ut te target is speci"ic% "or
e*ample% a street% a )uilding% a sopping center% etc%.
1ll te RR- on tese directions )elong to one logical cell% so no ando!er7reselection is
needed "or tem,
1s to neig)or cell planning% o!erlapping co!erage on all tese directions sould )e
considered.#"is antenna covers t"e
streets below and t"e
residents buildings
nearby&
#"is antenna
covers t"e
residents building
rig"t in front of it&
#"is antenna covers
anot"er residents
building&
#"ey belong
to one logical
cell&
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2. BB/RR/ indoor co7eragea!!lication
Feeder Fiber
%ndoor t"ree-dimensional
coverage covers all floors
and basementsM
#"e structure of 114RR
is easy to install. and its
networking is flexible& ,lso.it saves feeder loss&
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4. BB/RR/ outdoor co7eragea!!lication
R002
;& (ig" gain antenna : ;2 <<d1i ; is used 9
<& R2283 is installed near t"e antenna on t"e tower so as to save
feeder loss. and to increase t"e effective radiated power 5/iRG6 of
an antennaM
>& $ne carrier for a single RR wit" 83H output power of a set-top
unit 9
I& %f t"e maximum coverage is over >Akm. dual timeslot s"ould be
set on& #"en. t"e capacity of eac" carrier is "alf reduced& %f
remote coverage of 2 timeslot is required. < RR will be needed&
#"e configuration is ; carrier for ; RR. and ; antenna for one
cellM
A& %f t"e number of RR for a cell is more t"an <. it is suggested t"at
an extra antenna s"ould be configured wit"out c"ange of t"e
output power of t"e set-top unitM
8& +or installation. t"e weig"t capacity of t"e tower and t"e
installation space for RR s"ould be considered&
;& (ig" gain antenna : ;2 <<d1i ; is used 9
<& R2283 is installed near t"e antenna on t"e tower so as to save
feeder loss. and to increase t"e effective radiated power 5/iRG6 ofan antennaM
>& $ne carrier for a single RR wit" 83H output power of a set-top
unit 9
I& %f t"e maximum coverage is over >Akm. dual timeslot s"ould be
set on& #"en. t"e capacity of eac" carrier is "alf reduced& %f
remote coverage of 2 timeslot is required. < RR will be needed&
#"e configuration is ; carrier for ; RR. and ; antenna for one
cellM
A& %f t"e number of RR for a cell is more t"an <. it is suggested t"at
an extra antenna s"ould be configured wit"out c"ange of t"e
output power of t"e set-top unitM
8& +or installation. t"e weig"t capacity of t"e tower and t"e
installation space for RR s"ould be considered&
(ig" gain
antenna
%nstallation of RR near
t"e antenna on a tower
11 can be installed
independently. or in a
macro station prepared&
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