http://espo.nasa.gov/missions/seac4rs/

SEAC4RSGround and Ship MeasurementsJanuary 2012

NCAR

Surface Network Overview• Because of metrological complexity & political

sensitivities in SE Asia, data from a ground network is required to adequately cover the region.

• All SEAC4RS ground components of sun photometer, lidar, ozone and in situ measurements have field history in the region with established partners.

• There are few total “unknowns” but we expect the deployment to be fairly “fluid.” in nature.

• Also, there is still room to accommodate needs of the science team, including the deployment of additional instrumentation-particularly at supersites and at sea.

Ground Network Components and preliminary POCs

• AERONET/MAN: Brent Holben (brent.n.holben@nasa.gov )– 20 Long term+7 Temporary– 3 ferry lines to be manned with microtops for MAN

• MPLNET: Judd Welton (ellsworth.j.welton@nasa.gov )– 4 Long term +5 Temporary sites. – NEIS in Thailand

• SHADOZ: Anne Thompson (anne@atmos.psu.edu)– 3 Long term+ 4/6 temporary*

• VASCO Jeffrey Reid and Haf Jonsson (hjonsson@nps.navy.mil ).• Singapore Super Site: Jeffrey Reid (jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil) • Source sampling: Yokelson (Bob.Yokelson@mso.umt.edu )• Other likely data collections:

– Puji Lesteri (IIT-Bandung), Bandung- Filter chemistry– Mastura Mahamud (UKM)-Filter Chemistry– BMG– GAW sites on Maylay Peninsula, Sabah, and Sumatra– Japanese sun photometer network?– Extensive Malaysian raobs

Hanoi

Hong Kong

EPA-NCU

Bac Lieu

Penang

SingaporeSupersite

Kuching

Jambi

Jakarta

AERONET

Pre-ex MPLNET Lidar

AERONET IntensiveRadiation Enhanced Site

Other meas. (GAW, SKYNET)

SHADOZ

MANVASCORaobs

Intensive ALS LidarLidar Partner

Kampur

Nepal Llhasa

SEAC4RSGround Network

AERONET+MPLNet HQ

COAMPS/FLAMBE surface smoke concentration-August 2007

AERONET

MPLnet Intensive lidar

Perm. Lidar

SEAC4RSSE Asia Ground Network

+

AERONET Intensive.Radiation Enhanced

Other aerosol measurementsSHADOZ

MANVASCORaobs

Airspace• Previous studies often

focused on VPs over ground sites.

• But both the political situation and clouds dictate that such profiles will be rare.

• Even the range circles are a “best estimate.

• Ground network is being developed to provide scale and “perspective” on airborne measurements.

• But, we may get lucky….

Name Location, Partner Network Status LidarEPA-NCU Taiwan, NCU Permanent MPL

Hanoi Vietnam, VAST Permanent MPL

Kanpur India, ITT Permanent MPL

Singapore Singapore, NUS Permanent MPL

Bac Lieu Vietnam, VAST Temporary ALS

Penang Malaysia, USM Temporary ALS

Kuching Malaysia, NUS/??? Temporary ✗ ALS

Jambi Indonesia, BMKG Temporary ✗ ALS

Jakarta Indonesia, BMKG Temporary ✗ ALS

Nepal Nepal, U Virginia Temporary ALS

RV Ship, NRL/??? Temporary ALS

Hong Kong Hong Kong, PolyU Pending * ALS

✗ International agreement not final

* Hong Kong group operates their own ALS lidar. They are not part of MPLNET due to current ban on bi-lateral NASA-China interactions.

MPLNET has exclusively used MPL instruments in past. Newer lidars from Leosphere (ALS model) are now accepted in MPLNET.• MPL: 527 or 532 nm, elastic backscatter lidar. Fully autonomous, 24/7 data. • ALS: 355 nm elastic backscatter lidar with depolarization capability. Autonomous, and 24/7 data where possible.• Standard network Level 1 data: 0000-2400 UTC, 0-30 km, 1 minute temporal and 75 m vertical resolutions.• MPL does good job of detecting thin cirrus in this region, we are still evaluating ALS performance but looks promising• NRT Data: available on website, 1 hour for some sites (still evaluating), next day for others

MPLNET Overviewhttp://mplnet.gsfc.nasa.gov

All sites co-locatedwith AERONET

SHADOZ:Where & Who?

1

3

Name Contacts Link Status1 Pokhara,

NepalUVA PSU,

NOAADetails TBD ¥

2 Hanoi VN VN Hydromet

JAMSTEC,NOAA

SHADOZ augment

3 Utapao, Thailand

PSU, GSFC

@ NASAAircraft site

CFH; DetailsTBD

4 Southern VN

PSU, GSFC

Aeronet, NOAA

Details TBD

5 Kuala Lumpur

Mal Met Dept

U Tokyo, NIAES

SHADOZ augment

6 Watukosek LAPAN Hokkaido U SHADOZ augment

Enter Euphemism

Here

2

4

5

6Currently in Network

45 sondes per station,~Daily release

Hanoi Ozone

VASCO w/ Manila Observatory

Cruise SpecificsSept. 1-28, 2008 to catch Borneo outflowOn board lead: Haf Jonsson CIRPASMeteorology: Raobs, mean met, fluxesChemistry: Filters, DRUM Samper, CO2,

Blake cans?Cloud: Radar (95 Ghz, dopper, zenith),

CeilometerLidar: Leosphere ALSParticles: PCASP, SMPS, CN, CCN,

APS, FSSPOptics: 3-l Neph & PSAP.Ocean: Water samples, CDOM, physoOther: cameras, dust trak.Room for more gear…..

Maritime Aerosol Network as a Component of AERONET

• MAN represents an important strategic sampling initiative and ship-borne data acquisition complements island-based

AERONET measurements

Smirnov, A., B.N.Holben, D.M.Giles, et al., Maritime Aerosol Network as a component of AERONET – first results and comparison with global aerosol models and satellite retrievals, Atm.Meas.Tech., 4, 583–597, doi:10.5194/amt-4-583-2011, 2011.

In the last several years data acquisition was extended to

the areas that previously had very little or no coverage at all

MAN coverage-Oct 06 to Jan 2012

Singapore Supersite

• Lidar: MPL Lidar, maybe Wisc HSRL• Radiation: AERONET, Solar, IR, direct/diffuse solar• Aerosol: SMPS, 3l neph & PSAP, TEOM• Filters: Elemental (DRUM), ICPMS, Organics,

OC/BC gravimetery• Gas: O3, SO2, CO, NOx

• Other: All sky camera, time-lapse video, local weather

Roof and lab site on National University of Singapore campus. Easy to add equipment

Other site enhancements and measurements in the region.

• Solar flux radiometers will be added to several AERONET sites from GSFC and NRL.

• 2 others will have “direct diffuse” solar radiometers.

Enhancements

• 4 sites in Thailand have extensive radiation measurements as part of the Silpakorn University network.

• There are three global GAW sites in our domino, plus 9 “regional.” They have widely varying data collection protocols and efficiencies.

• Japanese SKYNET and a NEIS lidar in Phemai are also in the region, as is a lidar in Hong Kong.

• We may be able to get other filter measurements in the region.

Other measurements (Need to negotiate data access)

Yokelson Group Battery Powered Mobile FTIR

Gases: HCN, CO, CH4, CO2, NH3, NOx, HCl, NMHC, OVOCPM2.5: EC/OC, metals (filters can be added)

Brick Kilns

Trash Burning

Crop Residue Fires

Cooking Fires

Major Sources That Are Virtually Unstudied in Asia

Room for more.

• Generally we can get into key sites.• If other team members want to provide more

instruments, we can help get them in and maintained.

• There is also an opportunity for students for site staffing.

• We are light on gas measurements. More Blake cans?

Summary• We have the most extensive ground largely in place network

in the history of SE Asia.• Flight and weather restrictions imply the ground network is

largely for regional context. The AERONET sites in particular will be around for a while.

• SHADOZ will add three sites.• We have funding for a September cruise in Philippines water.• Singapore is a comprehensive supersite and easy to work

with.• Other source measurements may be made by Yokelson’s

group.• There are lots of other measurements being made in the

region, but access is not always straightforward.