sec 2 unit 8 transport and communications
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Unit 8 : Transport and CommunicationsChong Boon Secondary School Humanities DepartmentGeography Unit
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Unit Objectives
• By the end of the unit you will be able to:• Identify the types of transport and
communications• Improvements to accessibility and
connectivity• The effects of the Shrinking World and
Globalisation
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Types of Transport
•Modern transport is multi-modal•Air•Planes / Shuttles• Land •Road/ Rail / Animal• Sea• Ships
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Starter Activity
• In the handout provided, look at the picture and write down in the spaces the different modes of transport you can identify.
Developments in Transport• Improvements in Mode of Transport• Over time with technology, transport has become
faster and safer.• 9000 years ago, key transport modes were animals and
simple rafts/canoes• 7500 years ago, the invention of the wheel made carts
possible• In the 1760s, the steam engine was invented • Boats, trains, cars.
• In the 1860s, airships were flown• In 1885, the combustion engine made the first cars.• In 1903, man first had flight
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9000 years ago
7500 years ago
1769
1869
1885
1903
Present date
The Future??
Technological gains in transport
1.Improvements in Speed2.Improvements in Passenger
Transport
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Improvements in Speed
• Modern transport able to travel at higher speeds.• Time taken to cover distances is reduced.• Eg, to travel 100km, the following transport modes will
take the following time• Donkey (10km/hr) - 10 hours• Horse (20km/hr) - 5 hours• Car/Bus (50km/hr) - 2 hours• Train (100km/hr) - 1 hour• Bullet Train (200km/hr) - 30
minutes• Plane (300km/hr) - 20 minutes
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Improvements in Passenger Transport
•Better comfort•Larger planes/ships•More comfortable rides•Greater safety•Lower accident rates
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Think for a moment
My new super flying car can get you to wherever you want in half the time
of any other mode of transport on earth!
Minor issue is it only land 20% of the time. The rest of the time it will crash.
Accessibility
•The ease with which you can reach a location .•A place that is easily reached is said to be accessible.•A place that is not easily reached is said to be inaccessible.
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Connectivity•Connectivity refers to the degree of interlinkages in a network.•A place that is well connected is said to be well-connected.•Well-connected places are better able to share information.
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Take a look at the 2 maps below
1980s MRT Map Singapore
2012 MRT Map Singapore
Has the connectivity of Singapore
improved in the past 30 years?
Improvements with Transport Infrastructure
• Roads, railways, bridges and tunnels are infrastructure that improve transport.• Eg, the Channel Tunnel • Links England and France under the sea.
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Communications1.Process where information
is transferred 2.Possible to be one-way or
interactive
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One-way communication• Process to obtain information or to share
feelings with others.• Printed materials (magazines,
newspapers, etc)• Art work (paintings, sculptures, etc)• Broadcast media (Television and radio
programmes)• Internet media (Websites, Social Media,
etc)
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Interactive Communication• Process where humans communicate with
one another.• Constantly happens over varying distances
(depending on technology available)• Talking in person• Telephone call / SMS• Fb / Twitter / Weibo
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Developments in communications
• Technology has made it easier to communicate.•We communicate more however, the
depth of communication is decreased.• Physical Distance has decreased but social
distance has been pushed apart.
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A shrinking world (Globalisation)• The world is not actually shrinking• Technology has made the time taken to
cover a certain distance become shorter (shrinking world)• A letter from Singapore to Los Angeles
would take 6 working days to reach it’s destination. •With emails, it is now almost
instantaneous .
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Our essential questions
1.How has technology helped us in our communications?
2.How does the ‘shrinking world’ benefit modern man?
3.What are the various modes of transport?
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