sec23 geog chapt8 water qs

Earth: Our Home 2 (S/E and N(A)) QUESTION BANK Chapter 8

CHAPTER 8: WATER RESOURCES

Multiple-choice Questions (15 marks)

1. Which portion shows the proportion of fresh surface water?

Ans: D

2. Why is water constraint experienced in different parts of the world?

A Some areas do not experience seasonal changes in weather.B Some areas may experience long periods of drought.C Some areas do not use irrigation to get their water supply.D Some areas may experience snow melting during spring.

Ans: B

3. How do changes in lifestyle result in a rising demand for water?

A People use more electrical appliances such as washing machines that use up water.

B People engage in more agricultural activities because of increasing population.

C As a result of a growing world population, more people will need more water.

D With a growing demand for food, more water will be needed for agriculture.

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Ans: A4. What is a catchment area?

A It is an area over which rivers and streams are found.B It is an area over which rain falls and is collected.C It is an area over which the sea collects water from rivers.D It is an area over which drains and canals collect water.

Ans: B

5. Which area is suitable as a catchment area?

A ValleyB MountainC Nature reserveD Old quarry Ans: C

6. What is the advantage and disadvantage of increasing catchment areas?

Advantage Disadvantage

ACatchment areas have multiple landuses such as industrial landuse.

There is little control over the amount of water collected.

BFresh water collected in catchment areas is easier to purify.

Not much water can be collected in a catchment area.

CIn times of drought, catchment areas are able to collect water.

There are few areas suitable for catchment areas.

D More areas for nature conservation are set aside.

Less land is available for other uses.

Ans: D

7. How can international agreements help to increase water supply?

A They allow countries to collect water from other countries.B They allow countries to develop catchment areas in other

countries.C They allow countries to share and manage water resources.D They allow countries to use water resources from other

countries for free.




Ans: C8. Why is water reclaimed?

A There is available waste water that can be recycled.B It is cheaper to reclaim water than to treat fresh water.C Water that is reclaimed has a higher quality than treated fresh

water.D Although water is abundant, there is a need to reclaim water.

Ans: A

9. How is desalination carried out?

A It is carried out by processes that remove salt from sea water.B It is carried out by processes that recycle waste water.C It is carried out by processes that treat water from rivers.D It is carried out by processes that purify fresh water.

Ans: A

Study the diagram below and answer questions 10 and 11.

10. Which area has the largest portion of desalination plants in the world?

A North AmericaB Middle EastC Europe



Distribution of major desalination plants in the world Middle East

North America

EuropeAsia

Africa

South America

Central America

Australia


D Africa Ans: B11. Why does the area mentioned in Question 10 have the most

desalination plants in the world?

I. Low costs have enabled this area to carry out desalination.II. Proximity to the sea has enabled sea water to be used.III. The dry climate does not allow much water to be collected. IV. Available advanced technology has allowed desalination to be

carried out.

A I onlyB I and IIC II, III and IVD All of the above Ans: C

12. Why is conserving water beneficial to individual households?

A Water treatment costs are lower.B More water is allocated to individual households.C Households get a continuous supply of water.D It helps to reduce water consumption bills.

Ans: D

13. Which one of the following statements is true about NEWater?

A NEWater cannot be drunk without treating it further.B The quality of NEWater surpasses international drinking water

standards.C NEWater is supplied directly to households for consumption.D The desalination process is used to produce NEWater.

Ans: B




14. Study the graph below. What is a possible reason for the highest consumption of water shown in the graph?

A There are more occupants in HDB 5-room and bigger flats, resulting in higher water consumption.

B In HDB 4-room flats, more water is used for domestic purposes.C More water is used in filling swimming pools at condominiums

and private flats.D In some private houses, more water is used in watering the

garden.

Ans: D

15. Which one of the following is an example of water conservation measures in Singapore?

A A water conservation tax is imposed to discourage people from using too much water.

B Water is limited for use for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes only.

C Water-rationing is carried out for a month at some estates to reduce water consumption.

D The amount of water that can be used in one household is limited.

Ans: A




Structured Essay Questions (15 marks)

1. Study the graph below carefully.

World’s consumption of water supply from 1900 to 2000

(a) Describe the trend of total water use in the world. [1]

The total water use in the world is increasing.

(b) What impact does this have on the world’s water supply? [1]

There will be a shortage in the future if the demand for water is not reduced.

(c) Why is there a big change in total water use from the year 1940? [2]

Any one of the following:- The growth of industries after 1940 has increased water consumption.






- The rise in world population after 1940 has increased water consumption.

(Also accept other plausible answers.)(d) Which use consumed the highest portion of water in the world? [1]

Agricultural use

(e) Why has this use consumed the highest portion? [2]

- The rise in the world’s population results in the increasing need to grow food.- Therefore, most water is used to grow crops and rear livestock.




2. Study the comic strip below carefully. The Public Utilities Board (PUB) in Singapore uses similar comic strips on brochures and posters.






(a) What is the method that is used to help conserve water in Singapore? [1]

Public campaign / education is used to raise awareness on water conservation in Singapore.

(b) Why is this method used to help conserve water in Singapore? [2]

This method is used because it encourages all Singaporeans to play a part in water conservation on an individual level.

(c) Explain how the comic strip tells us how to conserve water. [2]

- The comic strip describes how water should be used more efficiently.

- Filling a washtub with water to wash dishes instead of washing them under a running tap will reduce the wastage of water.

(d) Suggest another two ways in which water can be conserved by individuals. [2]

Any two of the following: - Washing a full load of laundry at a time instead of only a few items - Installing water-saving devices on taps and water cisterns

- Collecting water in a tumbler for brushing teeth instead of leaving the tap running

(Also accept other plausible answers.)

(e) Why is there a need to conserve water? [1]

Water needs to be conserved to prevent water shortage in the future. Water is a basic requirement for all living things.



sec23 geog chapt8 water qs

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