secondary education in vietnam

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Updated: 12/10/06Secondary Education in Vietnam

Dr. Nguyen Van Trang, Director General

Secondary Education Department

I. General Background

1. Educational Goals

Vietnams Education Law dated December 11, 1998 has affirmed the goals of education are to

comprehensively develop Vietnams human resource, with morality, knowledge, good health,and loyal to the idea of national independence and socialism; to develop individual personality

and capacity for the building and protection of the country.

The goals set forth for secondary education are students all-round development in terms of

morality, physical body, arts, and basic skills so that they can be prepared to pursue furtherstudies or to become fully responsible citizens contributing to the building of the country.

There are specific objectives designed for each level within secondary education. Basic

secondary education strengthens and enhances students achievements gained from lowereducation, develop their basic knowledge and introduce technical and vocational skills so that

they can follow their future studies at high schools, vocational college or go to work. Highschool education further develop students knowledge after basic secondary education with

vocational orientation so that after graduation, high school students can join university programsor vocation colleges or can directly go to work.

2. Educational Principle and Methodology

To achieve such goals and objectives at the level of secondary education, it is stated in the Lawon Education that the basic principal of education is to incorporate theory and practices, to link

education with production, and school education to be cooperated with family and societyeducation.

Educational methodologies for secondary students should develop students creativeness and

pro-activeness, to build up and enhance their self-study, to instruct them to use their knowledgefor practical purposes and need to initiate the students desires, and interests in studying.

3. Secondary Education Structure

The secondary education encompasses two levels:

+ The basic secondary education lasts for four years from the sixth form to the ninth. Those inthe sixth form must be eleven years old and have primary education diplomas.

+ The high school education completes in three years from the tenth to the twelfth forms. Those

in the tenth form must be fifteen years old and have basic secondary education diplomas.


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II. Vietnams Secondary Education: Facts and Figures

As shown by statistical figures for secondary education at the beginning of academic years 2001-2002 and 2002 - 2003:

2001 - 2002 2002 - 2003 Notes

Basic

Secondary

Education

General

Secondary

Education

Basic

Secondary

Education

General

Secondary

EducationSchool

quantity8,092 1,393 8,396 1,532 *

Class

quantity153,700 48,684 161,329 52,131

Student

quantity6,253,525 2,333,069 6,497,548 2,458,446

AveragedStudent per

class40.69 47.92 40.28 47.16

Classroomquantity

102,166 33,626 108,898 36,976

3 shift

per day

classroom

103 18 113 12

Class per

classroom1.51 1.49 1.64 1.42

Teacher

quantity243,208 81,684 262,543 89,357

Teachers

per class1.58 1.63 1.68 1.71

*: This figure also includes those schools that provide both Lower Education and Secondary

Education (Basic and General).

2001 - 2002 2002 - 2003Basic

Secondary

Education

GeneralSecondary

Education

BasicSecondary

Education

GeneralSecondary

EducationSchool

quantity1,270 570 1,197 523

Class per

classroom 1.39 1.64 1.34 1.583 shift

classrooms117 31 131 15

The budget for secondary education comes from different sources such as basic construction

budget, objective programs, various aids (both non-reimbursable and loans from WB and ADB)combined with other sources mobilized from the society. There have been improvements in the

infrastructure of schools, some of which have achieved national standards; however, figures


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show that both the quantity and quality of secondary education schools in Vietnam areinsufficient.

In terms of teaching resource, ninety six point seven percent of secondary education teachers

have reached national standards. Still the ratio of teachers per class is still high at 1.54 teachers/

class of basic secondary education and 1.64 teachers/ class of general secondary education.Therefore, the system is still in lack of about 18,700 teachers for secondary education.

III. Further Development of Secondary Education

1. To improve curriculum for secondary education, to improve the contents and methodologies

for secondary education as designed by Resolution 40/QH10 dated 29 December 2000 by theNational Assembly.

2. To push up the process of universalization of education to achieve the goal of completion by

2010 nationwide.

3. To define responsibilities and rights attained by Ministries, agencies, and authorities at alllevels in the administration of education and training to assure the governments roles combined

with line management and territorial management.

4. To develop plans and conduct the enhancement of training capacity for secondary education

teachers in line with changes in the curriculum designed for secondary education.

5. To further invest in the improvement of schooling infrastructure to better serve thedevelopment needs of the country.

secondary education in vietnam

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