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WILDFIRES

WILDFIRESRESPONSESECONDARY LEVEL

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

IN THIS LESSON YOU WILL LEARNReminder - what is a wildfire?How to stay safe during a wildfireWho will help during a wildfire?What should you do if someone gets hurt or there is an emergency?What should you do and not do during a wildfire? Who will help after a wildfire?How can you help after a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

WHAT IS A WILDFIRE?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWHAT IS A WILDFIRE?A wildfire is Any uncontrolled vegetation fire which requires a decision or action regarding suppression.

(Source: European Glossary for Wildfires and Forest Fires (2012)

Source: Frederiksborg Fire and Rescue Service (Denmark)Source: Northumberland Fire and Rescue Service (UK)

These photos give an idea of the scale, damage and destruction that can be caused by wildfires. Watch the video on the following page to learn more about the impact of wildfires in Europe.

Source: Junta da Andaluca (Spain)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK8hghtHSoA

HOW TO STAY SAFE DURING A WILDFIRE e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

How to stay safe during a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFollow your EMERGENCY PLAN

How to stay safe during a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFollow your EMERGENCY PLAN

Listen to adults and profesionals

How to stay safe during a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFollow your EMERGENCY PLAN

Listen to the weather forecast

Listen to adults and profesionals

How to stay safe during a wildfire??e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersYOUR PARENTS, FAMILY AND FRIENDS WILL TELL YOU WHAT TO DO

IF YOU ARE AT HOME

How to stay safe during a wildfire??e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersYOUR PARENTS, FAMILY AND FRIENDS WILL TELL YOU WHAT TO DO

FOLLOW YOUR EMERGENCY PLANIF YOU ARE AT HOME

How to stay safe during a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersYOUR TEACHERS WILL TELL YOU WHAT TO DO. THEY WILL TELL YOU HOW TO FOLLOW YOUR SCHOOL EMERGENCY PLANIF YOU ARE AT SCHOOL

How to stay safe during a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersYOUR TEACHERS WILL TELL YOU WHAT TO DO. THEY WILL TELL YOU HOW TO FOLLOW YOUR SCHOOL EMERGENCY PLANIF YOU ARE AT SCHOOLLISTEN TO ADULTS ANDPROFESIONALS

WHO WILL HELP DURING A WILDFIRE?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

WHO WILL HELP?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFire fighters will assess the fire and the surrounding area. They will look at the current and forecasted weather. They will use this information to predict where the fire will spread and where they can extinguish it quickly and safely. They will use this information to develop a suppression plan a plan to extinguish the fire. They may also decide to evacuate people from areas at risk from the fire.

Source: Swedish Civil Contingencies AgencyFIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersTo suppress the fire, they may use different hand tools: chainsaws, fire beaters, backpack sprayers, and pumps and hoses. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Fire-fighters using tools to stop the progression of a fireImage courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersThey may sometimes use heavy machinery, such as tractors, diggers, bulldozers, water tankers etc. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Source: Frederiksborg Fire and Rescue Service (Denmark)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFire fighters may also have at their disposal different vehicles, such as fire engines with a water cannons. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Source: Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency

Source: Frederiksborg Fire and Rescue Service (Denmark)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersSome wildfires occur in places which are hard to reach with vehicles. During these types of wildfires, firefighters may need to walk a distance to the fire and use hand tools to suppress the fire.. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Source: Northumberland Fire and Rescue Service (UK)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersPlanes and helicopters can play a really useful role at wildfires. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Helicopter dropping water over a wildfire to support the work of the ground crewImage courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFIRE AND RESCUE SERVICESThey can be used to get an overhead view of the incident ground which is really useful as wildfires often cover a large area

Source: Junta da Andaluca (Spain)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFIRE AND RESCUE SERVICESThey can be used to transport ground crews directly to the scene of the fireThey can be used to get an overhead view of the incident ground which is really useful as wildfires often cover a large area

Source: Junta da Andaluca (Spain)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFIRE AND RESCUE SERVICESThey can be used to transport ground crews directly to the scene of the fireThey can be used to drop water or fire retardant on or in front of the fire They can be used to get an overhead view of the incident ground which is really useful as wildfires often cover a large area

Source: Junta da Andaluca (Spain)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersPlanes and helicopters are not commonly used at wildfires in the UK, but they are used more widely in other European countries such as Spain, France, Italy and Portugal. FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Source: Junta da Andaluca (Spain)

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhen a fire starts, planes and helicopters can get to the scene faster and provide an initial attack which can play a key role in stopping the development of a fire.FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES

Image courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhen a fire starts, planes and helicopters can get to the scene faster and provide an initial attack which can play a key role in stopping the development of a fire.FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICESPlanes and helicopters provide support to fire crews on the ground. But attack from the air needs to be closely coordinated with work on the ground to ensure everyone is kept safe and to ensure that the tactics are effective.

Image courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

They may evacuate areas

POLICE

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

They may evacuate areas

POLICEThey may control public access to the area around the wildfire

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

They may evacuate areas

POLICEThey may control public access to the area around the wildfireThey may control traffic and help to close roads

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

They may evacuate areas

POLICEThey may control public access to the area around the wildfireThey may control traffic and help to close roads

They may provide information about the wildfire to the general public

WHO WILL HELPe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersAMBULANCE SERVICEThey provide help to members of the public or firefighters that need medical assistance

WHO WILL HELP

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersLOCAL AUTHORITIES

Support the Emergency Services

WHO WILL HELP

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersLOCAL AUTHORITIES

Support the Emergency Services

Decide to close roads, if necessary

WHO WILL HELP

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersLOCAL AUTHORITIES

Support the Emergency Services

Decide to close roads, if necessary

Open and manage Rest Centres for people that have been evacuated or whom have lost their homes

WHO WILL HELP

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersLOCAL AUTHORITIES

Support the Emergency Services

Decide to close roads, if necessary

Open and manage Rest Centres for people that have been evacuated or whom have lost their homes

Provide information to the general public about the wildfire

What should you do if someone gets hurt or there is an emergency?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

What should you do if someone gets hurt or there is an emergency?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

CALL999

CALLING 999 STEP ONEe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

CALMLY AND BRIEFLY EXPLAIN THE EMERGENCY TO THE OPERATOR999

CALLING 999 STEP TWOe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters The operator will put you through to thePOLICE orFIRE AND RESCUE SERVICE orAMBULANCE SERVICE

999

CALLING 999 STEP THREE

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters TELL THE OPERATOR:

WHO YOU AREWHAT THE EMERGENCY ISWHERE THE EMERGENCY IS

999

CALLING 999 STEP FOURe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters IF SOMEONE IS HURT, TELL THE OPERATORWHO IS HURTHOW THEY ARE HURT

999

CALLING 999 STEP FIVEe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersFOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS PROVIDED BY THE OPERATOR

While listening to the information you provide, the operator will determine what kind of help you need and will start to send the right types of emergency crews.999

CALLING 999 STEP SIXe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersDONT HANG UP UNTIL THE OPERATOR TELLS YOU TO DO SO!

999

WHEN CALLING 999 - REMEMBERe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersSPEAK SLOWLY AND CLEARLY

999

WHEN CALLING 999 - REMEMBERe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersSPEAK SLOWLY AND CLEARLY

LISTEN TO THE OPERATOR AND DO AS HE/SHE TELLS YOU

999

WHEN CALLING 999 - REMEMBERe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersSPEAK SLOWLY AND CLEARLY

LISTEN TO THE OPERATOR AND DO AS HE/SHE TELLS YOU

DO NOT HANG UP UNTIL THE OPERATOR TELLS YOU TO DO SO

999

WHEN CALLING 999 - REMEMBERe-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersSPEAK SLOWLY AND CLEARLY

LISTEN TO THE OPERATOR AND DO AS HE/SHE TELLS YOU

DO NOT HANG UP UNTIL THE OPERATOR TELLS YOU TO DO SO

DO NOT CALL 999 IF THERE IS NO EMERGENCY YOU MAY SLOW DOWN THE EMERGENCY SERVICES GOING TO HELP SOMEONE IN DANGER999

What TO DO and what NOT TO DO during a wildfire

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

REMAIN CALMDO NOT STAY NEAR THE FIRE MOVE TO A PLACE OF SAFETY. CALL 999 IF YOU SEE THE SIGNS OF A WILDFIRE

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you have to walk away from a wildfire:

Walk or drive in the opposite direction of the flames and smoke

What should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you have to walk away from a wildfire:

Walk or drive in the opposite direction of the flames and smokeHead for places of safety ideally places where there is no vegetation that could burn

What should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you have to walk away from a wildfire:

Walk or drive in the opposite direction of the flames and smokeHead for places of safety ideally places where there is no vegetation that could burn Try not to inhale smoke. If you need to, protect your face with a wet cloth (piece of clothing, towel,etc.).

What should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you have to walk away from a wildfire:

Walk or drive in the opposite direction of the flames and smokeHead for places of safety ideally places where there is no vegetation that could burn Try not to inhale smoke. If you need to, protect your face with a wet cloth (piece of clothing, towel,etc.). Try to avoid walking towards cliffs or ravines plan where you are going so you do not become trapped by the fire.

What should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you have to walk away from a wildfire:

Walk or drive in the opposite direction of the flames and smokeHead for places of safety ideally places where there is no vegetation that could burn Try not to inhale smoke. If you need to, protect your face with a wet cloth (piece of clothing, towel,etc.). Try to avoid walking towards cliffs or ravines plan where you are going so you do not become trapped by the fire. Do not try to escape by walking in front of the fire or walking on a slope above a fire. Also, never walk into a saddle (a depression between two hills) during a wildfire.

What should I do if I find myself near a wildfire?

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family.

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family. Ring 999 to inform the emergency services of you situation

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family. Ring 999 to inform the emergency services of you situation Stay together in the safest area of the house.

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family. Ring 999 to inform the emergency services of you situation Stay together in the safest area of the house. Close all the doors and windows and pour water on them and cover them with wet towels or curtains.

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family. Ring 999 to inform the emergency services of you situation Stay together in the safest area of the house. Close all the doors and windows and pour water on them and cover them with wet towels or curtains. Close all gas stopcocks and turn off any air conditioning.

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersWhat should I do if there is a wildfire near my home?Stay with your family. Ring 999 to inform the emergency services of you situation Stay together in the safest area of the house. Close all the doors and windows and pour water on them and cover them with wet towels or curtains. Close all gas stopcocks and turn off any air conditioning. Fill the bathtubs, sinks, and any buckets you may have with water.

A bushfire burns behind a house in West Bendigo on February 7, 2009. source: Richmeister at en.wikipedia

What NOT TO DO during a wildfire.

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters DO NOT put yourself or others in danger!

Who will help after a wildfiree-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersLocal authorities will prepare the recovery plan for areas that have been effected by wildfires. This will be the launch of the recovery phase.

Reconstructive measures will then be taken in the longer term aiming at restoring the natural environment. Urgent measures will be taken to reduce the immediate impacts of the fire on people and infrastructure and help get life back to normal. Burned areas may be fragile and may need to be stabilised or cleared for safety.

Who will help after a wildfiree-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersOther organisations (such as charities and Non Governmental Organisations or NGOs) may also assist in the restoration of the natural environment. For example: when nature does not succeed in recovering on its own, it may be necessary to replant trees and other vegetation.

The recovery phase for a wildfire may begin before a wildfire is completely extinguished.

Who will help after a wildfire

The recovery phase for a wildfire may begin before a wildfire is completely extinguished.

Firefighters, local authorities and other organisations can sometimes take actions to limit the impact of the fire before it is completely extinguished. Who will help after a wildfire

The recovery phase for a wildfire may begin before a wildfire is completely extinguished.

Firefighters, local authorities and other organisations can sometimes take actions to limit the impact of the fire before it is completely extinguished.

Depending upon the incident, recovery may be complicated and it may take months or even years.Who will help after a wildfire

The recovery phase for a wildfire may begin before a wildfire is completely extinguished.

Firefighters, local authorities and other organisations can sometimes take actions to limit the impact of the fire before it is completely extinguished.

Depending upon the incident, recovery may be complicated and it may take months or even years.

Learn more about recovery from wildfires by watching the videos on the next pagesWho will help after a wildfire

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVDENWj13Yk&index=4&list=PLqinXfUQzOKXAAbQ9j9J__Ag24Crr63yV

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dc8UqQ5K6aI

What to do when returning home after a wildfiree-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

What to do when returning home after a wildfiree-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersIf you had to leave your home during a wildfire, dont return until the emergency services or local authority have told you it is safe to do so

Image courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

What to do when returning home after a wildfiree-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural DisastersUse caution when entering burned areas as hazards may still exist there may still be hot areas which can flare up without warningAvoid damaged or fallen trees, power lines and other downed wires.

Image courtesy of Junta de Andaluca

What to do when returning home after a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

Ensure your food and water are safe:

What to do when returning home after a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

Throw away any food that has been exposed to heat or smoke

Ensure your food and water are safe:

What to do when returning home after a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

Throw away any food that has been exposed to heat or smoke

Do NOT drink or use water to wash yourself, wash dishes, brush your teeth or prepare food if you think it may have been contaminated. If the water may have been contaminated, contact your water supplier to check.

Ensure your food and water are safe:

What to do when returning home after a wildfire?e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

Throw away any food that has been exposed to heat or smoke

Do NOT drink or use water to wash yourself, wash dishes, brush your teeth or prepare food if you think it may have been contaminated. If the water may have been contaminated, contact your water supplier to check.

Ensure your food and water are safe:

You may need to use bottled water.

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

A wildfire is a fire that spreads out of control. Wildfires can be extremely dangerous and destructive. Always stay safe.

REMEMBER!

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

A wildfire is a fire that spreads out of control. Wildfires can be extremely dangerous and destructive. Always stay safe.

Help to prevent wildfires in your area do not leave litter on the ground, only light fires if it is safe to do so and, if you do light a fire, make sure you put it out right out.

REMEMBER!

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

A wildfire is a fire that spreads out of control. Wildfires can be extremely dangerous and destructive. Always stay safe.

Help to prevent wildfires in your area do not leave litter on the ground, only light fires if it is safe to do so and, if you do light a fire, make sure you put it out right out.

If you live in an area at risk of wildfires, make sure you are prepared. Develop an emergency plan and know how to make a grab bag.

REMEMBER!

e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

A wildfire is a fire that spreads out of control. Wildfires can be extremely dangerous and destructive. Always stay safe.

Help to prevent wildfires in your area do not leave litter on the ground, only light fires if it is safe to do so and, if you do light a fire, make sure you put it out right out.

If you live in an area at risk of wildfires, make sure you are prepared. Develop an emergency plan and know how to make a grab bag.

In an emergency, call 999!!!

REMEMBER!

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Unless otherwise stated, this educational resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. It is attributed to the partners of the e-PPR project. Further information can be found at www.e-ppr.eu

The authors are committed to respecting the intellectual property rights of others, and have taken all reasonable efforts to ensure that the reproduction of content (text, pictures, etc.) has been done with the full consent of copyright holders and that all copyright holders are acknowledged in such reproductions. If you feel that your copyright has not been fully respected, please contact us by email at [email protected].

If you are going to use parts of the content with materials whose copyright holder(s) is/are not the authors, it is your responsibility to make sure you do so, respecting the original holders copyrights. This content is the sole responsibility of the project partners and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters82