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1Level 1: Section 02 – Version 3© 2014 SBCA

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Section 02: Terminology

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Section Downloads

Download & Print TTT I Sec 02 Slides

TTT I Sec 02 Handouts

Version 2.1

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Terminology Outline

Industry Standards/Publications

Truss Terms

Bracing Terms

Design Terms

Lumber Terms

Miscellaneous Construction Terms

4

Industry Standards/ Publications

5

American Softwood Lumber Standard

6

ANSI/TPI 1


7

ANSI/TPI 1 Chapter 2

Section 03: Design Responsibilities 8

ANSI/TPI 2

9

ASCE 7

10

BCSI

11

DSB-89

12

International Building Code (IBC)


13

International Residential Code (IRC)

14

ICC-ES Evaluation Report

Technical Evaluation Report

15 16

Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Handbook

17

National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS)

18

Quiz 1


19

Truss Terms

20

Truss

21

Metal Connector Plate

22

Chase Opening

23

Truss Design Drawing

24

TrussPlacementDiagram


25

Truss Spacing

26

Clear Span (Clear Opening)

Different than Span

27

Span

28

Overall Truss Depth

29

Bearing

Usually a Beam or Wall30

Interior Bearing


31

Top Chord

32

Top Chord Bearing

33

Bottom Chord

Typically Carry Combined Tension & Bending Stresses

34

Bottom Chord Bearing

35

Web Member

Typically Carry Axial Forces36

Panel


37

Panel Point

38

Peak

39

Splice

40

Heel Joint

41

Butt Cut

¼″

42

Heel Height

energy heel


43

Cutting Sheets

44

Overhang

45

Cantilever

46

Ladder Panel

47

Slider

Reinforcing Member48

Wedge

Determined Through Engineering Analysis


49

Soffit

50

Soffit Vents

51

Fascia

52

Plumb Cut

53

Square Cut

90°

54

Nail-On Plate

Used in Repairs


55

Scab

Used in Repairs

56

Toenail

57

Field Splice Piggyback Truss

58

Courtesy of Alpine Engineered Products

59

Gable End Frame

60

Girder Truss


61

Ply

62

Set Back

GirderSetback

63

Hip Roof

64

Hip Truss

Step Down Truss

65

Hip Girder

66

End Jack


67

Hip Corner

68

Hip Set

69

Break Point Joint

AKA: Pitch Break Joint

Purlin Gable Frame

70

Courtesy of Alpine Engineering

71

Rise / Run

Run

Rise

72

Pitch

12 in.

9 in.


73

Valley Set

Usually Require Support

74

Jig

75

Set-up

76

Roller Press

77

Hydraulic Press

78

Quiz 2


79

Bracing Terms

80

Diagonal/cross Bracing

81

Cross Bridging

Intended to Spread the Load

Intended to stabilize the member82

Lateral Restraint

83

Permanent Bracing – Top chord

Stays in Place for the Life of the Structure

84

Purlin


85

Strongbacking

Dampens Vibration & Improves Deflection Performance86

Individual Web Reinforcement

BRACE ON ONE EDGE

TRUSSMEMBER

87

Temporary Bracing

88

Quiz 3

89

Design Terms

Discussed Further in Sections 06 & 0790

Axial Force

compression tension

Usually Measured in pounds, kips, or tons


91

Transverse

Includes Radial & Tangential Directions92

Compression/Tension Chords

93

Force Diagram

Also Known as a Free Body Diagram94

Stress

Usually Measured in psi

95

Bending Stress

Usually Measured in psi

96

Moment


97

Compression Parallel-to-Grain

98

Compression Perpendicular-to-Grain

99

Tension Parallel-to-Grain

100

Shear

Horizontal shear

101

Combined Stress

Index (CSI)

CSITC 0.84BC 0.52WB 0.51

Shall Not Exceed 1.00 or 100%

Stressed

102

Load


103

Dead Load

104

Live Load

Image courtesy of TrusJoist, A Weyerhaeuser Business

105

Wind Load

Usually Measured in psf

106

Reaction

107

Uniform Load

108

Concentrated Load


109

Load-Bearing Wall

110

Deflection

111

Creep

Deflection / Time

112

CamberThis image cannot currently be displayed.

113

Quiz 4

114

Lumber Terms

Discussed Further in Section 05


115

Softwoods

No Reference to Hardness

116

Cambium

117

Heartwood

Sapwood

Courtesy of Wood Engineering and Construction Handbook118

Early Wood

Also Called Spring Wood

119

Late Wood

Also Called Summer Wood120

Dense


121

Pith

Courtesy of Wood Engineering and Construction Handbook122

Juvenile Wood

Cross section of 14-year-old tree in a high

yield forest

Cross section of 24-year-old tree in an unmanaged forest

123

Compression Wood

Compression Wood

Shrinks Excessively Lengthwise

124

Fiber Saturation Point

Between 25 to 30%

125

Seasoning

126

Lumber


127

Board

128

Dimension Lumber

129

Nominal Size

3.5’’

1.5’’2 x 4

5.5’’

1.5’’2 x 6

7.25’’

1.5’’2 x 8

9.25’’

1.5’’2 x 10

11.25’’

1.5’’2 x 12

Selections from ANSI/TPI 1-2002

130

Warp

CUP

BOWCROOK

TWIST

131

Defect

132

Decay


133

Grade/ Visual Grade

134

Machine Evaluated Lumber (MEL)

135

Machine-Stress Rated Lumber (MSR)

Design Bending Stress Modulus of ElasticityBending Stress = 1650 psi MOE = 1,500,000 psi

136

Compound Cut

#1

#2

137

Structural Composite Lumber (SCL)

Structural Use138

Plywood

Thin Sheets of Wood Veneer- called Plys


139

I-Joists

Used in Floors & Roofs140

Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)

Veneer Thickness Does Not Exceed ¼″

141

Parallel Strand Lumber (PSL)

Average Length is Min. of 150X Strand Least Dimension

Strand Least Dimension Does Not Exceed ¼″

Laminated/Oriented Strand Lumber

142

143

Quiz 5

144

Miscellaneous Construction Terms


145

Anchorage

146

Beam Pocket

147

Bird’s Mouth Cut

148

Built-Up Beam

149

Built-Up Roof

1

234

5

150

CAD

Courtesy of MiTek Industries, Inc.


151

Clinched Nail

152

Construction Design Documents

153

Conventional Framing Ribbon

154

Rim Joist

155 156

Scupper


157

Quiz 6

158

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