section 02220 selective site demolition part 1

Mt. Pleasant Library 02220 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Selective Site Demolition

SECTION 02220

SELECTIVE SITE DEMOLITION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following: 1. Demolition and removal of selected site elements.

B. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this Section:

1. Section 02300 – Earthwork.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Remove & Dispose: Remove to an approved off site facility and legally dispose of any items noted as such in the contract documents, except those items indicated.

B. Remove and Salvage: Items indicated to be removed and salvaged remain the Owner's property. Remove, clean, and pack or crate items to protect against damage. Identify contents of containers and deliver to Owner's designated storage area.

C. Remove and Reinstall: Remove items indicated; clean, service, and otherwise prepare them for reuse; store and protect against damage. Reinstall items in the same locations or in locations indicated.

D. Existing to Remain: Protect construction indicated to remain against damage and soiling during selective demolition. When permitted by the Owner, items may be removed to a suitable, protected storage location during selective demolition and then cleaned and reinstalled in their original locations.

1.4 MATERIALS OWNERSHIP

A. Except for items or materials indicated to be reused, salvaged, reinstalled, or otherwise indicated to remain the Owner's property, demolished materials shall become the Con-tractor's property and shall be removed from the site with further disposition at the Con-tractor's option.

1.5 SUBMITTALS


A. General: Submit each item in this Article according to the Conditions of the Contract and Division 1 Specification Sections, for information only, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Proposed dust-control measures.

C. Proposed noise-control measures.

D. Photographs or videotape, sufficiently detailed, of existing conditions of adjoining con-struction and site improvements that might be misconstrued as damage caused by selec-tive demolition operations.

E. Record drawings at Project closeout according to Division 1 Section "Contract Closeout."

F. Landfill records indicating receipt and acceptance of hazardous wastes by a landfill facili-ty licensed to accept hazardous wastes.

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with governing EPA notification regulations before starting selective demolition. Comply with hauling and disposal regulations of authori-ties having jurisdiction.

1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Owner assumes no responsibility for actual condition of area to be selectively demo-lished.

1. Conditions existing at time of inspection for bidding purpose will be maintained by Owner as far as practical.

B. Storage or sale of removed items or materials on-site will not be permitted.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Verify that utilities have been disconnected and capped.

B. Survey existing conditions and correlate with requirements indicated to determine extent of selective demolition required.

C. Inventory and record the condition of items to be removed and reinstalled and items to be removed and salvaged.

D. When unanticipated mechanical, electrical, or structural elements that conflict with the intended function or design are encountered, investigate and measure the nature and ex-tent of the conflict. Promptly submit a written report to the Owner.


E. Perform surveys as the Work progresses to detect hazards resulting from selective demo-lition activities.

3.2 UTILITY SERVICES

A. Maintain existing utilities and protect them against damage during selective demolition operations.

3.3 PREPARATION

A. Conduct demolition operations and remove debris to ensure minimum interference with roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied and used facilities.

1. Do not close or obstruct streets, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facili-ties without permission from Owner and authorities having jurisdiction. Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by governing regulations.

B. Conduct demolition operations to prevent injury to people and damage to adjacent build-ings and facilities to remain. Ensure safe passage of people around selective demolition area.

1. Erect temporary protection, such as walks, fences, railings, canopies, and covered passageways, where required by authorities having jurisdiction.

2. Protect existing site improvements, appurtenances, and landscaping to remain. 3. Erect a plainly visible fence around drip line of individual trees or around peri-

meter drip line of groups of trees to remain. 4. Cover and protect equipment that has not been removed.

3.4 POLLUTION CONTROLS

A. Use water mist, temporary enclosures, and other suitable methods to limit the spread of dust and dirt. Comply with governing environmental protection regulations.

1. Do not use water when it may damage existing construction or create hazardous or objectionable conditions, such as ice, flooding, and pollution.

B. Remove and transport debris in a manner that will prevent spillage on adjacent surfaces and areas.

C. Clean adjacent structures and improvements of dust, dirt, and debris caused by selective demolition operations. Return adjacent areas to condition existing before start of selec-tive demolition.

3.5 DISPOSAL OF DEMOLISHED MATERIALS

A. General: Promptly dispose of demolished materials. Do not allow demolished materials to accumulate on-site.

B. Burning: Do not burn demolished materials.


C. Disposal: Transport demolished materials off Owner's property and legally dispose of them.

END OF SECTION 02220

Mt. Pleasant Library 02300 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Earthwork

SECTION 02300

PART 1 - GENERAL

EARTHWORK

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following:

1. Preparing subgrades for slabs-on-grade, walks, pavements, lawns and grasses. 2. Excavating and backfilling for buildings and structures. 3. Drainage course for slabs-on-grade. 4. Subbase course for concrete walks. 5. Excavating and backfilling for utility trenches.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: Soil material used to fill an excavation.

1. Initial Backfill: Backfill placed beside and over pipe in a trench, including haunches to support sides of pipe.

2. Final Backfill: Backfill placed over initial backfill to fill a trench.

B. Base Course: Course placed between the subbase course and hot-mix asphalt paving.

C. Bedding Course: Course placed over the excavated subgrade in a trench before laying pipe.

D. Borrow Soil: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill.

E. Drainage Course: Course supporting the slab-on-grade that also minimizes upward capillary flow of pore water.

F. Excavation: Removal of material encountered above subgrade elevations and to lines and dimensions indicated.

1. Authorized Additional Excavation: Excavation below subgrade elevations or beyond indicated lines and dimensions as directed by Architect. Authorized additional excavation and replacement material will be paid for according to Contract provisions changes in the Work.

2. Unauthorized Excavation: Excavation below subgrade elevations or beyond indicated lines and dimensions without direction by Architect. Unauthorized excavation, as well as remedial work directed by Architect, shall be without additional compensation.

G. Fill: Soil materials used to raise existing grades.

H. Structures: Buildings, footings, foundations, retaining walls, slabs, tanks, curbs, mechanical and electrical appurtenances, or other man-made stationary features constructed above or below the ground surface.


I. Utilities: On-site underground pipes, conduits, ducts, and cables, as well as underground services within buildings.


A. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted in writing by Architect and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SOIL MATERIALS

A. General: Provide borrow soil materials when sufficient satisfactory soil materials are not available from excavations.

B. Satisfactory Soils: ASTM D 2487 Soil Classification Groups ML, SC, SM, SP, SW, GC, GM, GP or GW, or a combination of these groups; free of rock or gravel larger than 3 inches

C. Unsatisfactory Soils: Soil Classification Groups C, CL, or M according to ASTM D 2487, or a combination of these groups.

in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials, vegetation, and other deleterious matter.

1. Unsatisfactory soils also include satisfactory soils not maintained within 2 percent of optimum moisture content at time of compaction.

D. Subbase Material: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand; ASTM D 2940; with at least 90 percent passing a 1-1/2-inch sieve and not more than 12 percent passing a No. 200

E. Base Course: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand; ASTM D 2940; with at least 95 percent passing a

sieve.

1-1/2-inch sieve and not more than 8 percent passing a No. 200

2.2 ACCESSORIES

sieve.

A. Warning Tape: Acid- and alkali-resistant polyethylene film warning tape manufactured for marking and identifying underground utilities, 6 inches wide and 4 mils

PART 3 - EXECUTION

thick, continuously inscribed with a description of the utility.

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earthwork operations.

B. Protect and maintain erosion and sedimentation controls during earthwork operations.


3.2 EXCAVATION

A. Unclassified Excavation: Excavate to subgrade elevations regardless of the character of surface and subsurface conditions encountered. Unclassified excavated materials may include rock, soil materials, and obstructions. No changes in the Contract Sum or the Contract Time will be authorized for rock excavation or removal of obstructions.

1. If excavated materials intended for fill and backfill include unsatisfactory soil materials and rock, replace with satisfactory soil materials.

3.3 EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES

A. Excavate to indicated elevations and dimensions within a tolerance of plus or minus 1 inch

1. Excavations for Footings and Foundations: Do not disturb bottom of excavation. Excavate by hand to final grade just before placing concrete reinforcement. Trim bottoms to required lines and grades to leave solid base to receive other work.

. If applicable, extend excavations a sufficient distance from structures for placing and removing concrete formwork, for installing services and other construction, and for inspections.

3.4 EXCAVATION FOR WALKS AND PAVEMENTS

A. Excavate surfaces under walks and pavements to indicated lines, cross sections, elevations, and subgrades.

3.5 EXCAVATION FOR UTILITY TRENCHES

A. Excavate trenches to indicated gradients, lines, depths, and elevations.

B. Excavate trenches to uniform widths to provide the following clearance on each side of pipe or conduit. Excavate trench walls vertically from trench bottom to 12 inches

1. Clearance:

higher than top of pipe or conduit, unless otherwise indicated.

12 inches

C. Trench Bottoms: Excavate and shape trench bottoms to provide uniform bearing and support of pipes and conduit. Shape subgrade to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and barrels of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits. Remove projecting stones and sharp objects along trench subgrade.

each side of pipe or conduit.

1. Excavate trenches 6 inches deeper than elevation required in rock or other unyielding bearing material, 4 inches

3.6 SUBGRADE INSPECTION

deeper elsewhere, to allow for bedding course.

A. Reconstruct subgrades damaged by freezing temperatures, frost, rain, accumulated water, or construction activities, as directed by Architect, without additional compensation.


3.7 UNAUTHORIZED EXCAVATION

A. Fill unauthorized excavation under foundations or wall footings by extending bottom elevation of concrete foundation or footing to excavation bottom, without altering top elevation. Lean concrete fill, with 28-day compressive strength of 2500 psi

1. Fill unauthorized excavations under other construction or utility pipe as directed by Architect.

, may be used when approved by Architect.

3.8 STORAGE OF SOIL MATERIALS

A. Stockpile borrow soil materials and excavated satisfactory soil materials without intermixing. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles to drain surface water. Cover to prevent windblown dust.

1. Stockpile soil materials away from edge of excavations. Do not store within drip line of remaining trees.

3.9 UTILITY TRENCH BACKFILL

A. Place backfill on subgrades free of mud, frost, snow, or ice.

B. Place and compact bedding course on trench bottoms and where indicated. Shape bedding course to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and barrels of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits.

C. Place and compact initial backfill of satisfactory soil, free of particles larger than 1 inch in any dimension, to a height of 12 inches

1. Carefully compact initial backfill under pipe haunches and compact evenly up on both sides and along the full length of utility piping or conduit to avoid damage or displacement of piping or conduit. Coordinate backfilling with utilities testing.

over the utility pipe or conduit.

D. Place and compact final backfill of satisfactory soil to final subgrade elevation.

E. Install warning tape directly above utilities, 12 inches below finished grade, except 6 inches

3.10 SOIL MOISTURE CONTROL

below subgrade under pavements and slabs.

A. Uniformly moisten or aerate subgrade and each subsequent fill or backfill soil layer before compaction to within 2 percent of optimum moisture content.

1. Do not place backfill or fill soil material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost or ice.

2. Remove and replace, or scarify and air dry otherwise satisfactory soil material that exceeds optimum moisture content by 2 percent and is too wet to compact to specified dry unit weight.


3.11 COMPACTION OF SOIL BACKFILLS AND FILLS

A. Place backfill and fill soil materials in layers not more than 8 inches in loose depth for material compacted by heavy compaction equipment, and not more than 4 inches

B. Place backfill and fill soil materials evenly on all sides of structures to required elevations, and uniformly along the full length of each structure.

in loose depth for material compacted by hand-operated tampers.

C. Compact soil materials to not less than the following percentages of maximum dry unit weight according to ASTM D 698:

1. Under structures, building slabs, steps, and pavements, scarify and recompact top 12 inches

2. Under walkways, scarify and recompact top of existing subgrade and each layer of backfill or fill soil material at 95 percent.

6 inches

3. Under lawn or unpaved areas, scarify and recompact top

below subgrade and compact each layer of backfill or fill soil material at 92 percent.

6 inches

4. For utility trenches, compact each layer of initial and final backfill soil material in accordance with 1,2 or 3 above.

below subgrade and compact each layer of backfill or fill soil material at 85 percent.

3.12 GRADING

A. General: Uniformly grade areas to a smooth surface, free of irregular surface changes. Comply with compaction requirements and grade to cross sections, lines, and elevations indicated.

B. Site Grading: Slope grades to direct water away from buildings and to prevent ponding. Finish subgrades to required elevations within the following tolerances:

1. Lawn or Unpaved Areas: Plus or minus 1 inch2. Walks: Plus or minus

. 1 inch

3. Pavements: Plus or minus .

1/2 inch

C. Grading inside Building Lines: Finish subgrade to a tolerance of

.

1/2 inch when tested with a 10-foot

3.13 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

straightedge.

A. Testing Agency: Owner will engage a qualified independent geotechnical engineering testing agency to perform field quality-control testing.

B. Allow testing agency to inspect and test subgrades and each fill or backfill layer. Proceed with subsequent earthwork only after test results for previously completed work comply with requirements.

C. Footing Subgrade: At footing subgrades, at least one test of each soil stratum will be performed to verify design bearing capacities. Subsequent verification and approval of other footing subgrades may be based on a visual comparison of subgrade with tested subgrade when approved by Architect.

D. Testing agency will test compaction of soils in place according to ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167, ASTM D 2922, and ASTM D 2937, as applicable.


E. When testing agency reports that subgrades, fills, or backfills have not achieved degree of compaction specified, scarify and moisten or aerate, or remove and replace soil to depth required; recompact and retest until specified compaction is obtained.

3.14 PROTECTION

A. Protecting Graded Areas: Protect newly graded areas from traffic, freezing, and erosion. Keep free of trash and debris.

B. Repair and reestablish grades to specified tolerances where completed or partially completed surfaces become eroded, rutted, settled, or where they lose compaction due to subsequent construction operations or weather conditions.

C. Where settling occurs before Project correction period elapses, remove finished surfacing, backfill with additional soil material, compact, and reconstruct surfacing.

1. Restore appearance, quality, and condition of finished surfacing to match adjacent work, and eliminate evidence of restoration to greatest extent possible.

3.15 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS

A. Disposal: Remove surplus satisfactory soil and waste material, including unsatisfactory soil, trash, and debris, and legally dispose of it off Owner's property.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02370 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Erosion and Sediment Control

SECTION 02370

PART 1 - GENERAL

EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL



B. All erosion and sediment control materials, installation, and quality assurance shall be in accordance with the standards and specifications of the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs (DCRA) and applicable permits from DC Department of Environment (DOE).

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This work shall consist of erecting temporary measures to control soil erosion and sediment through the use of swales, dikes, sediment basins or traps, berms, silt fences, dams, paved chutes or flumes, riprap, fiber mats, netting, gravel, mulches, grasses or other devices or methods. Permanent control provisions, contained in the contract shall be coordinated with the temporary control provisions to the extent practical to assure economical, effective and continuous control throughout the construction and post-construction periods.

B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Division 2 Section “Site Clearing”. 2. Division 2 Section “Earthwork”.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. DC or District: District of Columbia.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated.

B. Shop Drawings: Erosion and Sediment Control drawings and details, if they are included in the contract plans, may be used by the Contractor without submitting them for approval. If they are not part of the contract plans, or if the Contractor wishes to use an alternate approach, plans, details along with a written proposal and schedule for accomplishment of soil erosion and sediment control work shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. No work on land disturbing activities shall be started until the control proposals, schedules, and methods of operation have been received and approved by the Engineer.



A. Regulatory Requirements: 1. The District of Columbia Department of Public Works has adopted the D.C. Department

of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs “1987 Standards and Specifications for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control” and the District of Columbia “Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook”. All work described herein shall be performed in strict conformance with the requirements of Sections I (Temporary Structural Practices) and II (Permanent Structural Practices) as applicable of the DCRA Standards and Specifications and in accordance with the erosion control regulations in the current Title 21 of the D.C. Municipal Regulations (DCMR 21). Copies of these referenced publications are available to persons, at no cost, in the office of the Program Manager, Soil Resources Management Division, Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs, 941 North Capitol Street, NE, Washington, DC 20002 2100 Martin Luther King, Jr. Avenue, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20020.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. ACF Environmental, Inc.

B. Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 The Engineer has the authority to limit the surface area of erodible earth material exposed by clearing and grubbing, and by excavation, borrow and fill operations. The Engineer may direct the Contractor to provide immediate permanent or temporary control measures to prevent contamination of adjacent streams or other watercourses, lakes, ponds, or other areas of water impoundment, and to prevent damaging erosion or sediment deposits on neighboring lands. Such work may involve the construction of interim berms, dikes, dams, sediment basins, and slope drains, and use of interim mulches, mats, seeding, or other control devices or methods as necessary to control erosion and sedimentation. Fill and cut slopes shall be seeded and mulched as the excavation proceeds to the extent considered desirable and practicable. In some instances, incremental heights of slopes for sequential seeding and mulching will be specified.

3.2 The Contractor shall be required to incorporate all permanent erosion and sediment control features into the project at the earliest practicable time as outlined in his accepted schedule. Temporary erosion and sediment control measures will be used as needed to correct conditions that develop during construction that were not foreseen during the design stage; as needed prior to installation of permanent control features; and as needed temporarily to control erosion or sedimentation that develops during normal construction practices but are not associated with permanent control features on the project.

3.3 Where erosion is likely to be a problem, clearing and grubbing operations should be so scheduled and performed that grading operations and permanent erosion and sediment control


features can follow immediately thereafter if the project conditions permit; otherwise, temporary control measures may be required between successive stages. Under no conditions shall the surface area of erodible earth material exposed at one time by clearing and grubbing exceed 43,560 square feet without approval of the Engineer. The limitation will apply to clearing operations only unless exempted by the Engineer.

3.4 The Engineer will limit the area of excavation, borrow, and embankment operations in progress commensurate with the Contractor’s capability and progress in keeping the finish grading, mulching, seeding, and other such permanent erosion and sediment control measures current in accordance with the approved schedule. Should seasonal limitations make such coordination unrealistic, temporary control measures shall be taken immediately to extent feasible and justifiable.

3.5 Under no conditions shall the amount of surface area of erodible earth material exposed at one time by excavation, borrow, or fill within the right-of-way exceed 43,560 square feet without prior approval by the Engineer. This is in addition to the limitation on clearing and grubbing previously set forth.

3.6 The Engineer may increase or decrease the surface area of erodible earth material to be exposed at one time by clearing and grubbing, excavation, borrow, and fill operations as determined by an analysis of project conditions. The roadbed area will be included in the surface area limitations if site conditions are judged to be unfavorable by the Engineer. Erosion and sediment control measures shall be required on construction work outside the right-of-way where such work is necessary as a result of roadway construction. Included are borrow pit operations, haul roads and equipment storage sites within the District of Columbia.

3.7 The erosion and sediment control features installed by the Contractor shall be acceptably maintained by the Contractor until accepted by the District.

3.8 In the event of conflict between these requirements and laws, rules, or regulations of other Federal or State or local agencies, the more strict laws, rules, or regulations shall apply.

3.9 PAYMENT

A. When EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL is listed as an itemin the Pay Ham Schedule, payment, will be made at the contract lump sum price, which payment will include all labor, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the work as specified herein. Also included is the removal and disposal of all materials and restoration of the affected areas to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

B. When Erosion and Sediment Control is not listed as an item in the Pay Item Schedule, no direct payment will be made and the cost of meeting the requirements of this work shall be reflected in and distributed among the various contract pay items.

C. Temporary erosion control measures required due to Contractor negligence, carelessness, or failure to install permanent controls as scheduled shall be at the Contractor’s expense.


D. The Engineer reserves the right to employ outside assistance or to use District forces to provide needed erosion control measures if the Contractor fails to do so. Such incurred direct costs plus project engineering costs will be charged to the Contractor.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02510 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Water Distribution

SECTION 02510

PART 1 - GENERAL

WATER DISTRIBUTION



B. All water distribution materials, installation, and quality assurance shall be in accordance with the standards and specifications of the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DC WASA) and applicable permits from DC WASA.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes water-distribution piping and related components outside the building for fire-service mains and combined water service and fire-service mains.

B. DC WASA usually provides water meters and bills charges directly or through Contractor to Owner. The DC WASA-furnished products include water meters and fire hydrants that will be purchased by the contractor from DC WASA.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. DIP: Ductile iron pipe.

1.4 SUBMITTALS


B. Shop Drawings: Detail precast concrete water meter vault assemblies and indicate dimensions, method of field assembly, and components.

C. Field quality-control test reports.

D. Operation and Maintenance Data: For water valves and specialties to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals.


A. Regulatory Requirements:

1. Comply with requirements of the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DC WASA), including tapping of water mains and backflow prevention.

Mt. Pleasant Library 02510 – 2 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Water Distribution

2. Comply with standards of DC WASA for potable-water-service piping, including materials, installation, testing, and disinfection.

3. Comply with standards of DC WASA for fire-suppression water-service piping, including materials, hose threads, installation, and testing.

B. Piping materials shall bear label, stamp, or other markings of specified testing agency.

C. NFPA Compliance: Comply with NFPA 24 for materials, installations, tests, flushing, and valve and hydrant supervision for fire-service-main piping for fire suppression.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02530 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Sanitary Sewerage

SECTION 02530

PART 1 - GENERAL

SANITARY SEWERAGE



B. Standards and Specifications of the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DC WASA), latest edition.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes gravity-flow, non-pressure sanitary sewerage outside the building, with the following components:

1. Cleanouts. 2. Corrosion-protection piping encasement. 3. Precast concrete manholes. 4. Piping

B. All materials, methods of installation, testing, and inspections will be in accordance with DC WASA standards and specifications.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02620 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Subdrainage

SECTION 02620

PART 1 - GENERAL

SUBDRAINAGE

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Perforated-wall pipe and fittings. 2. Geotextile filter fabrics.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For geotextile filter fabrics.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PERFORATED-WALL PIPES AND FITTINGS

A. Perforated PE Pipe and Fittings: ASTM F 405 or AASHTO M 252, Type CP; corrugated, for coupled joints.

2.2 SOIL MATERIALS

A. Soil materials are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork."

2.3 GEOTEXTILE FILTER FABRICS

A. Description: Fabric of PP or polyester fibers or combination of both, with flow rate range from 110 to 330 gpm/sq. ft. when tested according to ASTM D 4491.

B. Structure Type: Nonwoven, needle-punched continuous filament.

1. Survivability: AASHTO M 288 Class 2 . 2. Styles: Flat and sock.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EARTHWORK

A. Excavating, trenching, and backfilling are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork."


3.2 FOUNDATION DRAINAGE INSTALLATION

A. Place impervious fill material on subgrade adjacent to bottom of footing after concrete footing forms have been removed. Place and compact impervious fill to dimensions indicated, but not less than 6 inches deep and 12 inches wide.

B. Lay flat-style geotextile filter fabric in trench and overlap trench sides.

C. Place supporting layer of drainage course over compacted subgrade and geotextile filter fabric, to compacted depth of not less than 4 inches.

D. Encase pipe with sock-style geotextile filter fabric before installing pipe. Connect sock sections with adhesive.

E. Install drainage piping as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Installation" Article for foundation subdrainage.

F. Add drainage course to width of at least 6 inches on side away from wall and to top of pipe to perform tests.

G. After satisfactory testing, cover drainage piping to width of at least 6 inches on side away from footing and above top of pipe to within 12 inches of finish grade.

H. Install drainage course and wrap top of drainage course with flat-style geotextile filter fabric.

I. Place layer of flat-style geotextile filter fabric over top of drainage course, overlapping edges at least 4 inches.

J. Place backfill material over compacted drainage course. Place material in loose-depth layers not exceeding 6 inches. Thoroughly compact each layer. Final backfill to finish elevations and slope away from building.

3.3 UNDERSLAB DRAINAGE INSTALLATION

A. Excavate for underslab drainage system after subgrade material has been compacted but before drainage course has been placed. Include horizontal distance of at least 6 inches between drainage pipe and trench walls. Grade bottom of trench excavations to required slope, and compact to firm, solid bed for drainage system.

B. Lay flat-style geotextile filter fabric in trench and overlap trench sides.

C. Place supporting layer of drainage course over compacted subgrade and geotextile filter fabric, to compacted depth of not less than 4 inches.

D. Encase pipe with sock-style geotextile filter fabric before installing pipe. Connect sock sections with adhesive.

E. Install drainage piping as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Installation" Article for underslab subdrainage.

F. Add drainage course to width of at least 6 inches on side away from wall and to top of pipe to perform tests.


G. After satisfactory testing, cover drainage piping with drainage course to elevation of bottom of slab, and compact and wrap top of drainage course with flat-style geotextile filter fabric.

3.4 PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Install piping beginning at low points of system, true to grades and alignment indicated, with unbroken continuity of invert. Bed piping with full bearing in filtering material. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves, and couplings according to manufacturer's written instructions and other requirements indicated.

1. Foundation Subdrainage: Install piping level and with a minimum cover of 36 inches unless otherwise indicated.

2. Underslab Subdrainage: Install piping level. 3. Lay perforated pipe with perforations down. 4. Excavate recesses in trench bottom for bell ends of pipe. Lay pipe with bells facing

upslope and with spigot end entered fully into adjacent bell.

B. Use increasers, reducers, and couplings made for different sizes or materials of pipes and fittings being connected. Reduction of pipe size in direction of flow is prohibited.

C. Install thermoplastic piping according to ASTM D 2321.

3.5 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION

A. Join perforated PE pipe and fittings with couplings according to ASTM D 3212 with loose banded, coupled, or push-on joints.

B. Special Pipe Couplings: Join piping made of different materials and dimensions with special couplings made for this application. Use couplings that are compatible with and fit materials and dimensions of both pipes.

3.6 BACKWATER VALVE INSTALLATION

A. Comply with requirements for backwater valves specified in Division 2 Section "Storm Drainage."

B. Install horizontal backwater valves in header piping downstream from perforated subdrainage piping.

C. Install horizontal backwater valves in piping in manholes where indicated.

3.7 CLEANOUT INSTALLATION

A. Comply with requirements for cleanouts specified in Division 2 Section "Storm Drainage."

B. Cleanouts for Foundation Subdrainage:

1. Install cleanouts from piping to grade. Locate cleanouts at beginning of piping run and at changes in direction. Install fittings so cleanouts open in direction of flow in piping.


2. In nonvehicular-traffic areas, use NPS 4 PVC pipe and fittings for piping branch fittings and riser extensions to cleanout. Set cleanout frames and covers in a cast-in-place concrete anchor, 12 by 12 by 4 inches deep. Set top of cleanout 1 inch above grade.

3. Comply with requirements for concrete specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

C. Cleanouts for Underslab Subdrainage:

1. Install cleanouts and riser extensions from piping to top of slab. Locate cleanouts at beginning of piping run and at changes in direction. Install fittings so cleanouts open in direction of flow in piping.

2. Use NPS 4 cast-iron soil pipe and fittings for piping branch fittings and riser extensions to cleanout flush with top of slab.

3.8 CONNECTIONS

A. Comply with requirements for piping specified in Division 2 Section "Storm Drainage." Drawings indicate general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties.

B. Connect low elevations of subdrainage system to building's solid-wall-piping storm drainage system.

C. Where required, connect low elevations of foundation and underslab subdrainage to stormwater sump pumps. Comply with requirements for sump pumps specified in Division 15 Section "Sump Pumps."


A. Tests and Inspections:

1. After installing drainage course to top of piping, test drain piping with water to ensure free flow before backfilling.

2. Remove obstructions, replace damaged components, and repeat test until results are satisfactory.

B. Drain piping will be considered defective if it does not pass tests and inspections.

C. Prepare test and inspection reports.

3.10 CLEANING

A. Clear interior of installed piping and structures of dirt and other superfluous material as work progresses. Maintain swab or drag in piping and pull past each joint as it is completed. Place plugs in ends of uncompleted pipe at end of each day or when work stops.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02630 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Storm Drainage

SECTION 02630

PART 1 - GENERAL

STORM DRAINAGE



1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes gravity-flow, nonpressure storm drainage outside the building, with the following components:

1. Cleanouts. 2. Drains. 3. Precast concrete manholes. 4. Pipe

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. PE: Polyethylene plastic, or HDPE (high density polyethylene plastic).

B. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic.

C. RCP: Reinforced concrete pipe.

1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Gravity-Flow, Nonpressure, Drainage-Piping Pressure Rating: 10-foot head of water

1.5 SUBMITTALS

. Pipe joints shall be at least silttight, unless otherwise indicated.

A. Product Data: For the following:

1. Special pipe fittings. 2. Backwater valves. 3. Drains.

B. Shop Drawings: For the following:

1. Manholes: Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and frames and covers. 2. Stormwater Inlets. Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and frames, covers, and

grates.


3. Stormwater Structure: Include plans, elevations, sections, details, frames and covers, design calculations, and concrete design-mix report.

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Do not store plastic pipe, and fittings in direct sunlight.

B. Protect pipe, pipe fittings, and seals from dirt and damage.

C. Handle manholes according to manufacturer's written rigging instructions.

D. Handle stormwater inlets according to manufacturer's written rigging instructions.


A. Interruption of Existing Storm Drainage Service: Do not interrupt service to facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary service according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner no fewer than two days in advance of proposed interruption of service. 2. Do not proceed with interruption of service without Owner’s written permission.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. In other Part 2 articles where titles below introduce lists, the following requirements apply to product selection:

1. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, manufacturers specified.

2.2 PE PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. Corrugated PE Drainage Pipe and Fittings NPS 10

1. Silttight Couplings: PE sleeve with ASTM D 1056, Type 2, Class A, Grade 2 gasket material that mates with tube and fittings.

and Smaller: AASHTO M 252M, Type S, with smooth waterway for coupling joints.

2. Corrugated PE Pipe and Fittings NPS 12 to NPS 48

3. Soiltight Couplings: AASHTO M 294M, corrugated, matching pipe and fittings.

: AASHTO M 294M, Type S, with smooth waterway for coupling joints.

2.3 PVC PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. PVC Water-Service Pipe and Fittings: ASTM D 1785, Schedule 40 pipe, with plain ends for solvent-cemented joints with ASTM D 2466, Schedule 40 socket-type fittings.


B. PVC Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings: ASTM F 794 pipe, with bell-and-spigot ends; ASTM D 3034 fittings, with bell ends; and ASTM F 477, elastomeric seals.

2.4 CONCRETE PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. Reinforced-Concrete Sewer Pipe and Fittings: ASTM C 76

1. Class III, Wall C.

, with groove and tongue ends.

2. Class IV, Wall C.

2.5 BACKFLOW PREVENTION VALVES

A. Valves: Bladder type as shown on plan.

1. Manufacturers:

a. Canplas Inc. b. IPS Corporation. c. NDS Inc. d. Plastic Oddities, Inc. e. Sioux Chief Manufacturing Company, Inc. f. Zurn Industries, Inc.; Zurn Light Commercial Specialty Plumbing Products.

2.6 CLEANOUTS

A. PVC Cleanouts: PVC body with PVC threaded plug. Include PVC sewer pipe fitting and riser to cleanout of same material as sewer piping.

1. Manufacturers: a. Red Valve (Tideflex Division).

2.7 DRAINS

A. Brass Area Drains: ASME A112.21.1M, round body with anchor flange and round grate. Include bottom outlet with inside calk or spigot connection, of sizes indicated.

1. Manufacturers:

a. Josam Company. b. MIFAB Manufacturing, Inc. c. Smith, Jay R. Mfg. Co. d. Wade Div.; Tyler Pipe. e. Zurn Industries, Inc.; Zurn Specification Drainage Operation. f. Neenah East Jordan Iron Works.

2. Top-Loading Classification(s): Medium and heavy duty.

B. Gray-Iron Trench Drains: ASME A112.21.1M, 6-inch- wide top surface, rectangular body with anchor flange or other anchoring device, and rectangular[ secured] grate. Include units of total


length indicated and number of bottom outlets with inside calk or spigot connections, of sizes indicated.

1. Manufacturers:

a. Josam Company. b. Smith, Jay R. Mfg. Co. c. Wade Div.; Tyler Pipe. d. Zurn Industries, Inc.; Zurn Specification Drainage Operation. e. Neenah East Jordan Iron Works.

2. Top-Loading Classification(s): Heavy duty.

2.8 MANHOLES

A. Standard Precast Concrete Manholes: ASTM C 478

1. Diameter:

, precast, reinforced concrete, of depth indicated, with provision for sealant joints.

48 inches2. Ballast: Increase thickness of precast concrete sections or add concrete to base section,

as required to prevent flotation.

minimum, unless otherwise indicated.

3. Base Section: 6-inch minimum thickness for floor slab and 4-inch

4. Riser Sections:

minimum thickness for walls and base riser section, and having separate base slab or base section with integral floor.

4-inch5. Top Section: Eccentric-cone type unless concentric-cone or flat-slab-top type is

indicated. Top of cone of size that matches grade rings.

minimum thickness, and lengths to provide depth indicated.

6. Joint Sealant: ASTM C 9907. Resilient Pipe Connectors:

, bitumen or butyl rubber. ASTM C 923

8. Steps: Individual FRP steps or FRP ladder, wide enough to allow worker to place both feet on 1 step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off of step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at

, cast or fitted into manhole walls, for each pipe connection.

12- to 16-inch intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of manhole to finished grade is less than 60 inches

9. Adjusting Rings: Interlocking rings with level or sloped edge in thickness and diameter matching manhole frame and cover. Include sealant recommended by ring manufacturer.

.

10. Grade Rings: Reinforced-concrete rings, 6- to 9-inch

11. Protective Coating: Plant-applied, SSPC-Paint 16, coal-tar, epoxy-polyamide paint;

total thickness, to match diameter of manhole frame and cover.

10-mil or 15-mil

12. Manhole Frames and Covers: Ferrous; minimum thickness applied to exterior surfaces.

24-inch ID by 7- to 9-inch riser with 4-inch- minimum width flange and 26-inch-

a. Material: ASTM A 536, Grade 60-40-18 ductile iron, unless otherwise indicated.

diameter cover. Include indented top design with lettering cast into cover, using wording equivalent to "STORM DRAIN."

b. Protective Coating: Foundry-applied, SSPC-Paint 16, coal-tar, epoxy-polyamide paint; 10-mil or 15-mil minimum thickness applied to all surfaces, unless otherwise indicated.


2.9 CONCRETE

A. General: Cast-in-place concrete according to ACI 318/318R, ACI 350R, and the following:

1. Cement: ASTM C 150, Type II. 2. Fine Aggregate: ASTM C 33, sand. 3. Coarse Aggregate: ASTM C 33, crushed gravel. 4. Water: Potable.

B. Portland Cement Design Mix: 4000 psi

1. Reinforcement Fabric: ASTM A 185, steel, welded wire fabric, plain.

minimum, with 0.45 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio.

2. Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60

C. Ballast and Pipe Supports: Portland cement design mix,

, deformed steel.

3000 psi

1. Reinforcement Fabric: ASTM A 185, steel, welded wire fabric, plain.

minimum, with 0.58 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio.

2. Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60

2.10 STORMWATER INLETS

, deformed steel.

A. Grate Inlets: Made with horizontal grate openings, of materials and dimensions according to utility standards. Include heavy-duty frames and grates.

B. Frames and Grates: Heavy-duty frames and grates according to utility standards.

2.11 STORMWATER STRUCTURE

A. Cast-in-Place Concrete, Stormwater Structure: Construct of reinforced-concrete bottom, walls, and top; designed according to ASTM C 890 for A-16 (AASHTO HS20-44), heavy-traffic, structural loading; of depth, shape, dimensions, and appurtenances indicated.

1. Ballast: Increase thickness of concrete, as required to prevent flotation. 2. Grade Rings: Include 2 or 3 reinforced-concrete rings, of 6- to 9-inch

3. Steps: Individual FRP steps or FRP ladder, wide enough to allow worker to place both feet on 1 step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off of step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at

total thickness, that match frame and cover.

12- to 16-inch intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of structure to finished grade is less than 60 inches

B. Manhole Frames and Covers: ASTM A 536, Grade 60-40-18, ductile-iron castings designed for heavy-duty service. Include

.

30-inch ID by 7- to 9-inch riser with 4-inch minimum width flange, and 30-inch-

C. Bilco type access hatch door : Aluminum (4’x4’)

diameter cover. Include indented top design with lettering "STORM DRAIN" cast into cover.


PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EARTHWORK

A. Excavation, trenching, and backfilling are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork."

3.2 PIPING INSTALLATION

A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details indicate general location and arrangement of underground storm drainage piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take design considerations into account. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. Where specific installation is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Install piping beginning at low point, true to grades and alignment indicated with unbroken continuity of invert. Place bell ends of piping facing upstream. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves, and couplings according to manufacturer's written instructions for use of lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements.

C. Install manholes for changes in direction unless fittings are indicated. Use fittings for branch connections unless direct tap into existing sewer is indicated.

D. Install proper size increasers, reducers, and couplings where different sizes or materials of pipes and fittings are connected. Reducing size of piping in direction of flow is prohibited.

E. Install gravity-flow, nonpressure drainage piping according to the following:

1. Install piping pitched down in direction of flow, at minimum slope as specified on plans. 2. Install piping with 12-inch3. Install PE corrugated sewer piping according to CPPA's "Recommended Installation

Practices for Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings."

minimum cover.

4. Install PVC profile gravity sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 5. Install reinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ASTM C 1479 and ACPA's

"Concrete Pipe Installation Manual."

3.3 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION

A. Join gravity-flow, nonpressure drainage piping according to the following:

1. Join corrugated PE piping according to CPPA 100 and the following:

a. Use silttight couplings for Type 1, silttight joints. b. Use soiltight couplings for Type 2, soiltight joints.

2. Join PVC cellular-core piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 891 for solvent-cement joints.

3. Join PVC profile gravity sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 for elastomeric-seal joints or ASTM F 794 for gasketed joints.

4. Join reinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ACPA's "Concrete Pipe Installation Manual" for rubber-gasket joints.

5. Join dissimilar pipe materials with nonpressure-type flexible[ or rigid] couplings.


3.4 CLEANOUT INSTALLATION

A. Install cleanouts and riser extension from storm drain pipe to cleanout at grade. Use PVC pipe fittings in storm drain pipes at branches for cleanouts and PVC pipe for riser extensions to cleanouts. Install piping so cleanouts open in direction of flow in storm drain pipe.

1. Use medium-duty, top-loading classification cleanouts in paved foot-traffic areas. 2. Use heavy-duty, top-loading classification cleanouts in vehicle-traffic service areas.

B. Set cleanout frames and covers in earth in cast-in-place concrete block, 18 by 18 by 12 inches deep. Set with tops 1 inch

C. Set cleanout frames and covers in concrete pavement with tops flush with pavement surface.

above surrounding earth grade.

3.5 DRAIN INSTALLATION

A. Install type of drains in locations indicated.

1. Use light-duty, top-loading classification drains in earth or unpaved foot-traffic areas. 2. Use medium-duty, top-loading classification drains in paved foot-traffic areas. 3. Use heavy-duty, top-loading classification drains in vehicle-traffic service areas. 4. Use extra-heavy-duty, top-loading classification drains in roads areas.

B. Embed drains in 4-inch

C. Fasten grates to drains if indicated.

minimum depth of concrete around bottom and sides.

D. Set drain frames and covers with tops flush with pavement surface.

E. Assemble trench sections with flanged joints.

F. Embed trench sections in 4-inch

3.6 MANHOLE INSTALLATION

minimum concrete around bottom and sides.

A. General: Install manholes, complete with appurtenances and accessories indicated.

B. Install precast concrete manhole sections according to ASTM C 891.

C. Set tops of frames and covers flush with finished surface of manholes that occur in pavements. Set tops 1 inch

3.7 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

above finished surface elsewhere, unless otherwise indicated.

A. Place cast-in-place concrete according to ACI 318/318R.

3.8 DRAINAGE SYSTEM INSTALLATION

A. Assemble and install components according to manufacturer's written instructions.


B. Install with top surfaces of components, except piping, flush with finished surface.

C. Assemble channel sections to form slope down toward drain outlets. Use sealants, adhesives, fasteners, and other materials recommended by system manufacturer.

D. Embed channel sections and drainage specialties in 4-inch

E. Fasten grates to channel sections if indicated.


F. Assemble channel sections with flanged or interlocking joints.

G. Embed channel sections in 4-inch

3.9 PAINTING


A. Clean and prepare concrete manhole surfaces for field painting. Remove loose efflorescence, chalk, dust, grease, oils, and release agents. Roughen surface as required to remove glaze. Paint the following concrete surfaces as recommended by paint manufacturer:

1. Cast-in-Place-Concrete Manholes: All exterior, except bottom. 2. Precast Concrete Manholes: All exterior.

B. Prepare ferrous frame and cover surfaces according to SSPC-PA 1 and paint according to SSPC-PA 1 and SSPC-Paint 16. Do not paint surfaces with foundry-applied, corrosion-resistant coating.

3.10 IDENTIFICATION

A. Materials and their installation are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork." Arrange for installation of green warning tape directly over piping and at outside edge of underground structures.

1. Use detectable warning tape over nonferrous piping and over edges of underground structures.


A. Inspect interior of piping to determine whether line displacement or other damage has occurred. Inspect after approximately 24 inches

1. Submit separate reports for each system inspection.

of backfill is in place, and again at completion of Project.

2. Defects requiring correction include the following:

a. Alignment: Less than full diameter of inside of pipe is visible between structures. b. Deflection: Flexible piping with deflection that prevents passage of ball or

mandrel cylinder of size not less than 92.5 percent of piping diameter. c. Crushed, broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged piping. d. Infiltration: Water leakage into piping. e. Exfiltration: Water leakage from or around piping.


3. Replace defective piping using new materials, and repeat inspections until defects are within allowances specified.

4. Reinspect and repeat procedure until results are satisfactory.

B. Test new piping systems, and parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended, or repaired, for leaks and defects.

1. Do not enclose, cover, or put into service before inspection and approval. 2. Test completed piping systems according to authorities having jurisdiction. 3. Schedule tests and inspections by authorities having jurisdiction with at least 24 hours'

advance notice. 4. Submit separate report for each test. 5. Gravity-Flow Storm Drainage Piping: Test according to requirements of authorities

having jurisdiction, UNI-B-6, and the following:

a. Exception: Piping with soiltight joints unless required by authorities having jurisdiction.

b. Option: Test plastic piping according to ASTM F 1417. c. Option: Test concrete piping according to ASTM C 924

C. Leaks and loss in test pressure constitute defects that must be repaired.

.

D. Replace leaking piping using new materials, and repeat testing until leakage is within allowances specified.

3.12 CLEANING

A. Clean interior of piping of dirt and superfluous materials. Flush with potable water.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02751 – 1 Issued for Permit - 04 December 2009 CORE Group, P.C. Cement Concrete Pavement

SECTION 02751

PART 1 - GENERAL

CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes exterior cement concrete pavement for the following:

1. Walkways.

1.2 SUBMITTALS


B. Design Mixtures: For each concrete pavement mixture.


A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Manufacturer of ready-mixed concrete products who complies with ASTM C 94/C 94M requirements for production facilities and equipment.

B. ACI Publications: Comply with ACI 301, "Specification for Structural Concrete," unless modified by requirements in the Contract Documents.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

A. Deformed-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A 497, flat sheet.

B. Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60; deformed.

2.2 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Cementitious Material: Use the following cementitious materials, of the same type, brand, and source throughout the Project:

1. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I.

B. Normal-Weight Aggregates: ASTM C 33, Class 4S coarse aggregate, uniformly graded. Provide aggregates from a single source.

C. Water: ASTM C 94/C 94M.

D. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260.


E. Chemical Admixtures: ASTM C 494/C 494M, of type suitable for application, certified by manufacturer to be compatible with other admixtures and to contain not more than 0.1 percent water-soluble chloride ions by mass of cementitious material.

2.3 CURING MATERIALS

A. Absorptive Cover: AASHTO M 182, Class 2, burlap cloth.

B. Moisture-Retaining Cover: ASTM C 171, polyethylene film or white burlap-polyethylene sheet.

C. Water: Potable.

D. Evaporation Retarder: Waterborne, monomolecular film forming; manufactured for application to fresh concrete.

E. Clear Waterborne Membrane-Forming Curing Compound: ASTM C 309, Type 1, Class B, dissipating.

F. White Waterborne Membrane-Forming Curing Compound: ASTM C 309, Type 2, Class B.

2.4 RELATED MATERIALS

A. Expansion- and Isolation-Joint-Filler Strips: ASTM D 1752, cork or self-expanding cork.

B. Color Pigment: ASTM C 979, synthetic mineral-oxide pigments or colored water-reducing admixtures; color stable, free of carbon black, nonfading, and resistant to lime and other alkalis.

C. Slip-Resistive Aggregate Finish: Factory-graded, packaged, rustproof, nonglazing, abrasive aggregate of fused aluminum-oxide granules or crushed emery with emery aggregate containing not less than 50 percent aluminum oxide and not less than 20 percent ferric oxide; unaffected by freezing, moisture, and cleaning materials.

2.5 CONCRETE MIXTURES

A. Prepare design mixtures, proportioned according to ACI 301, with the following properties:

1. Compressive Strength (28 Days): 3500 psi. 2. Maximum Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio at Point of Placement: 0.50. 3. Slump Limit: 5 inches, plus or minus 1 inch. 4. Air Content: 4-1/2 percent plus or minus 1.5 percent.

2.6 CONCRETE MIXING

A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Measure, batch, and mix concrete materials and concrete according to ASTM C 94/C 94M. Furnish batch certificates for each batch discharged and used in the Work.


PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EDGE FORMS AND SCREED CONSTRUCTION

A. Set, brace, and secure edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed guides for pavement to required lines, grades, and elevations. Install forms to allow continuous progress of work and so forms can remain in place at least 24 hours after concrete placement.

B. Clean forms after each use and coat with form-release agent to ensure separation from concrete without damage.

3.2 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

A. General: Comply with CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice" for fabricating, placing, and supporting reinforcement.

3.3 JOINTS

A. General: Form construction, isolation, and contraction joints and tool edgings true to line with faces perpendicular to surface plane of concrete. Construct transverse joints at right angles to centerline, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Construction Joints: Set construction joints at side and end terminations of pavement and at locations where pavement operations are stopped for more than one-half hour unless pavement terminates at isolation joints.

C. Isolation Joints: Form isolation joints of preformed joint-filler strips abutting concrete curbs, catch basins, manholes, inlets, structures, walks, other fixed objects, and where indicated.

D. Contraction Joints: Form weakened-plane contraction joints, sectioning concrete into areas as indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to at least one-fourth of the concrete thickness.

E. Edging: Tool edges of pavement, gutters, curbs, and joints in concrete after initial floating with an edging tool to a 1/4-inch radius. Repeat tooling of edges after applying surface finishes. Eliminate tool marks on concrete surfaces.


A. Moisten subbase to provide a uniform dampened condition at time concrete is placed.

B. Comply with ACI 301 requirements for measuring, mixing, transporting, and placing concrete.

C. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse joints. Do not push or drag concrete into place or use vibrators to move concrete into place.

D. Screed pavement surfaces with a straightedge and strike off.

E. Commence initial floating using bull floats or darbies to impart an open textured and uniform surface plane before excess moisture or bleed water appears on the surface. Do not further disturb concrete surfaces before beginning finishing operations or spreading surface treatments.


3.5 FLOAT FINISHING

A. General: Do not add water to concrete surfaces during finishing operations.

B. Float Finish: Begin the second floating operation when bleed-water sheen has disappeared and concrete surface has stiffened sufficiently to permit operations. Float surface with power-driven floats, or by hand floating if area is small or inaccessible to power units. Finish surfaces to true planes. Cut down high spots and fill low spots. Refloat surface immediately to uniform granular texture.

1. Medium-to-Fine-Textured Broom Finish: Draw a soft bristle broom across float-finished concrete surface perpendicular to line of traffic to provide a uniform, fine-line texture.

3.6 CONCRETE PROTECTION AND CURING

A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot temperatures.

B. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection.

C. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retarder to concrete surfaces if hot, dry, or windy conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h before and during finishing operations. Apply according to manufacturer's written instructions after placing, screeding, and bull floating or darbying concrete, but before float finishing.

D. Begin curing after finishing concrete but not before free water has disappeared from concrete surface.

E. Curing Methods: Cure concrete by moisture curing, curing compound or a combination of these methods.

3.7 REPAIRS AND PROTECTION

A. Remove and replace concrete pavement that is broken, damaged, or defective or that does not comply with requirements in this Section.

B. Protect concrete from damage. Exclude traffic from pavement for at least 14 days after placement.

C. Maintain concrete pavement free of stains, discoloration, dirt, and other foreign material. Sweep concrete pavement not more than two days before date scheduled for Substantial Completion inspections.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02751-1 Issued for Permit 4 December 2009 OCULUS CONCRETE WALKS

SECTION 02751

CONCRETE WALKS

PART 1 - GENERAL



1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes exterior cement concrete pavement for the following:

1. Concrete Walks.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete" for general building applications of

concrete.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Cementitious Materials: Portland cement alone or in combination with one or more of blended hydraulic cement, expansive hydraulic cement, fly ash and other pozzolans, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, and silica fume.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of manufactured material and product indicated.

B. Design Mixes: For each concrete pavement mix. Include alternate mix designs when characteristics of materials, project conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances warrant adjustments.

C. Material Certificates: Signed by manufacturers certifying that each of the following materials complies with requirements:

1. Cementitious materials and aggregates. 2. Joint fillers.



A. Installer Qualifications: An experienced installer who has completed pavement work similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance.

B. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 to conduct the testing indicated, as documented according to ASTM E 548.

C. Source Limitations: Obtain each type or class of cementitious material of the same brand from the same manufacturer's plant and each aggregate from one source.

D. ACI Publications: Comply with ACI 301, "Specification for Structural Concrete," unless modified by the requirements of the Contract Documents.

E. Concrete Testing Service: Engage a qualified independent testing agency to perform material evaluation tests.

1.6 STANDARDS

A. District of Columbia Department of Public Works Standard Specifications for Highways and Structures, 1996.

B. ANSI/ASTM.

C. American Concrete Institute (ACI).


A. Traffic Control: Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other construction activities.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FORMS

A. Form Materials: Plywood, metal, metal-framed plywood, or other approved panel-type materials to provide full-depth, continuous, straight, smooth exposed surfaces.

1. Use flexible or curved forms for curves of a radius 100 feet (30.5 m)

B. Form-Release Agent: Commercially formulated form-release agent that will not bond with, stain, or adversely affect concrete surfaces and will not impair subsequent treatments of concrete surfaces.

or less.

2.2 CONCRETE MATERIALS


A. General: 1. Use the same brand and type of cementitious material from the same manufacturer

throughout the Project. 2. Concrete materials and coloring agents shall comply with requirements for Standard Dis-

trict of Columbia Concrete Sidewalks as defined by District of Columbia Department of Public Works Standard Specifications for Highways and Structures, 1996.

B. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or II.

C. Aggregate: ASTM C 33, uniformly graded, from a single source, with coarse aggregate as follows: 1. Maximum Aggregate Size: 3/4 inch (19 mm)2. Do not use fine or coarse aggregates containing substances that cause spalling.

nominal.

D. Water: ASTM C 94.

2.3 CURING MATERIALS

A. Moisture-Retaining Cover: ASTM C 171, polyethylene film or white burlap-polyethylene sheet.

B. Water: Potable.

2.4 CONCRETE MIXES

A. Prepare design mixes, proportioned according to ACI 211.1 and ACI 301, for each type and strength of normal-weight concrete determined by either laboratory trial mixes or field experience.

B. Use a qualified independent testing agency for preparing and reporting proposed mix designs for the trial batch method.

1. Do not use Owner's field quality-control testing agency as the independent testing agency.

C. Concrete Walks: concrete mix for concrete walks shall comply with District of Columbia Stan-dard Specifications for Highways and Structures - Article 608.01.

1. Color Admixtures: District of Columbia Standard Specifications for Highways and Struc-

tures - Article 814.06.

2.5 CONCRETE MIXING

A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Comply with requirements and with ASTM C 94.


B. Project-Site Mixing: Comply with requirements and measure, batch, and mix concrete materials and concrete according to ASTM C 94. Mix concrete materials in appropriate drum-type batch machine mixer.

2.6 JOINT MATERIALS:

A. Expansion and isolation joints which abut existing pavements, buildings, walls, curbs, utility structures: District of Columbia Standard Specifications for Highways and Structures - Article 608.01. 1. Type: Cork.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Proof-roll prepared subbase surface to check for unstable areas and verify need for additional compaction. Proceed with pavement only after nonconforming conditions have been corrected and subgrade is ready to receive pavement.

B. Remove loose material from compacted subbase surface immediately before placing concrete.

3.2 EDGE FORMS AND SCREED CONSTRUCTION

A. Set, brace, and secure edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed guides for pavement to required lines, grades, and elevations. Install forms to allow continuous progress of work and so forms can remain in place at least 24 hours after concrete placement.

B. Clean forms after each use and coat with form release agent to ensure separation from concrete without damage.

3.3 JOINTS

A. General: Construct construction, isolation, and contraction joints and tool edgings true to line with faces perpendicular to surface plane of concrete. Construct transverse joints at right angles to centerline, unless otherwise indicated.

1. When joining existing pavement, place transverse joints to align with previously placed joints, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Construction Joints: Set construction joints at side and end terminations of pavement and at locations where pavement operations are stopped for more than one-half hour, unless pavement terminates at isolation joints.

1. Provide preformed galvanized steel or plastic keyway-section forms or bulkhead forms with keys, unless otherwise indicated. Embed keys at least 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) into concrete.


2. Provide tie bars at sides of pavement strips where indicated. 3. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against hardened or

partially hardened concrete surfaces. 4. Use epoxy bonding adhesive at locations where fresh concrete is placed against hardened

or partially hardened concrete surfaces.

C. Isolation Joints: Form isolation joints of preformed joint-filler strips abutting concrete curbs, catch basins, manholes, inlets, structures, walks, other fixed objects, and where indicated.

1. Locate expansion joints at intervals of 50 feet (15.25 m)2. Extend joint fillers full width and depth of joint.

, unless otherwise indicated.

3. Terminate joint filler less than 1/2 inch (12 mm) or more than 1 inch (25 mm)

4. Place top of joint filler flush with finished concrete surface if joint sealant is not indicated.

below finished surface if joint sealant is indicated.

5. Furnish joint fillers in one-piece lengths. Where more than one length is required, lace or clip joint-filler sections together.

6. Protect top edge of joint filler during concrete placement with metal, plastic, or other temporary preformed cap. Remove protective cap after concrete has been placed on both sides of joint.

D. Contraction Joints: Form weakened-plane contraction joints, sectioning concrete into areas as indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to at least one-fourth of the concrete thickness, as follows:

1. Grooved Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and finishing each edge of joint with groover tool to the following radius. Repeat grooving of contraction joints after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover marks on concrete surfaces.

a. Radius: 1/4 inch (6 mm)

2. Sawed Joints: Form contraction joints with power saws equipped with shatterproof abrasive or diamond-rimmed blades. Cut

.

1/8-inch- (3-mm-)

E. Edging: Tool edges of pavement, gutters, curbs, and joints in concrete after initial floating with an edging tool to the following radius. Repeat tooling of edges after applying surface finishes. Eliminate tool marks on concrete surfaces.

wide joints into concrete when cutting action will not tear, abrade, or otherwise damage surface and before developing random contraction cracks.

1. Radius: 1/4 inch (6 mm)


.

A. Inspection: Before placing concrete, inspect and complete formwork installation, reinforcement steel, and items to be embedded or cast in. Notify other trades to permit installation of their work.


B. Remove snow, ice, or frost from subbase surface and reinforcement before placing concrete. Do not place concrete on frozen surfaces.

C. Moisten subbase to provide a uniform dampened condition at the time concrete is placed. Do not place concrete around manholes or other structures until they are at the required finish elevation and alignment.

D. Comply with requirements and with recommendations in ACI 304R for measuring, mixing, transporting, and placing concrete.

E. Do not add water to concrete during delivery, at Project site, or during placement.

F. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse joints. Do not push or drag concrete into place or use vibrators to move concrete into place.

G. Consolidate concrete by mechanical vibrating equipment supplemented by hand-spading, rodding, or tamping. Use equipment and procedures to consolidate concrete according to recommendations in ACI 309R.

H. Screed pavement surfaces with a straightedge and strike off. Commence initial floating using bull floats or darbies to form an open textured and uniform surface plane before excess moisture or bleed water appears on the surface. Do not further disturb concrete surfaces before beginning finishing operations or spreading dry-shake surface treatments.

I. Cold-Weather Placement: Comply with ACI 306.1 and as follows. Protect concrete work from physical damage or reduced strength that could be caused by frost, freezing actions, or low temperatures.

1. When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 deg F (4.4 deg C), uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain a concrete mixture temperature of not less than 50 deg F (10 deg C) and not more than 80 deg F (27 deg C)

2. Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow.

at point of placement.

3. Do not use calcium chloride, salt, or other materials containing antifreeze agents or chemical accelerators, unless otherwise specified and approved in mix designs.

J. Hot-Weather Placement: Place concrete according to recommendations in ACI 305R and as follows when hot-weather conditions exist:

1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature at time of placement below 90 deg F (32 deg C)

2. Cover reinforcement steel with water-soaked burlap so steel temperature will not exceed ambient air temperature immediately before embedding in concrete.

. Chilled mixing water or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor's option.

3. Fog-spray forms, reinforcement steel, and subgrade just before placing concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.

3.5 CONCRETE FINISHING


A. General: Wetting of concrete surfaces during screeding, initial floating, or finishing operations is prohibited.

B. Float Finish: Begin the second floating operation when bleed-water sheen has disappeared and the concrete surface has stiffened sufficiently to permit operations. Float surface with power-driven floats, or by hand floating if area is small or inaccessible to power units. Finish surfaces to true planes. Cut down high spots, and fill low spots. Refloat surface immediately to uniform granular texture.

1. Medium-to-Fine-Textured Broom Finish: Draw a soft bristle broom across float-finished

concrete surface perpendicular to line of traffic to provide a uniform, fine-line texture.

3.6 CONCRETE PROTECTION AND CURING

A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection and follow recommendations in ACI 305R for hot-weather protection during curing.

B. Begin curing after finishing concrete, but not before free water has disappeared from concrete surface.

C. Curing Methods: Cure concrete by moisture curing or moisture-retaining-cover curing as follows:

1. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moist for not less than seven days with the following materials:

a. Water. b. Continuous water-fog spray. c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept continuously wet. Cover concrete

surfaces and edges with 12-inch (300-mm)

2. Moisture-Retaining-Cover Curing: Cover concrete surfaces with moisture-retaining cover for curing concrete, placed in widest practicable width, with sides and ends lapped at least

lap over adjacent absorptive covers.

12 inches (300 mm)

3.7 PAVEMENT TOLERANCES

, and sealed by waterproof tape or adhesive. Immediately repair any holes or tears during curing period using cover material and waterproof tape.

A. Comply with tolerances of ACI 117 and as follows:

1. Elevation: 1/4 inch (6 mm)2. Thickness: Plus

. 3/8 inch (9 mm), minus 1/4 inch (6 mm)

3. Surface: Gap below .

10-foot- (3-m-) long, unleveled straightedge not to exceed 1/4 inch (6 mm)

4. Joint Spacing: .

3 inches (75 mm)5. Contraction Joint Depth: Plus

. 1/4 inch (6 mm), no minus.


6. Joint Width: Plus 1/8 inch (3 mm)


, no minus.

A. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified independent testing and inspection agency to sample materials, perform tests, and submit test reports during concrete placement according to requirements specified in this Article.

3.9 REPAIRS AND PROTECTION

A. Remove and replace concrete pavement that is broken, damaged, or defective, or does not meet requirements in this Section.

B. Drill test cores where directed by Architect when necessary to determine magnitude of cracks or defective areas. Fill drilled core holes in satisfactory pavement areas with portland cement concrete bonded to pavement with epoxy adhesive.

C. Protect concrete from damage. Exclude traffic from pavement for at least 14 days after placement. When construction traffic is permitted, maintain pavement as clean as possible by removing surface stains and spillage of materials as they occur.

D. Maintain concrete pavement free of stains, discoloration, dirt, and other foreign material. Sweep concrete pavement not more than two days before date scheduled for Substantial Completion inspections.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02781-1 Issued for Permit 4 December 2009 OCULUS EXTERIOR STONE PAVING

SECTION 02781

EXTERIOR STONE PAVING

PART 1 - GENERAL



1.2 SUMMARY


1. Dimension stone paving (exterior).


1. Division 2 Section "Unit Pavers". 2. Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants" for sealing control and expansion joints in stone

paving with elastomeric sealants.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each variety of stone, stone accessory, and other manufactured products specified.

1. For stone varieties proposed for use on Project, include data on physical properties required by referenced ASTM standards.

B. Grout Samples for Initial Selection: Manufacturer's standard samples of actual products showing the full range of colors available.

C. Stone Samples for Verification: Sets for each color, grade, finish, and variety of stone required; not less than 12 inches (300 mm)

D. Maintenance Data: For stone paving to include in the maintenance manuals specified in Division 1. Include Product Data for stone-care products used or recommended by Installer and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of local sources for products.

square. Include 2 or more samples in each set showing the full range of variations in appearance characteristics expected in completed Work.



A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced installer who has completed stone paving similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for Project that has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance.

B. Fabricator Qualifications: Engage a firm experienced in producing stone paving similar to that indicated for this Project and with a record of successful in-service performance, as well as sufficient production capacity to produce required units without delaying the Work.

C. Source Limitations for Stone: Obtain each variety of stone, regardless of finish, from a single quarry with resources to provide materials of consistent quality in appearance and physical properties and to cut and finish material without delaying the Work.

1. Obtain each variety of stone from a single quarry, whether specified in this Section or in another Section of the Specifications.

D. Source Limitations for Other Materials: Obtain each type of cementitious material, grout, admixture, stone accessory, sealant, and other material from a single manufacturer for each product.


A. Deliver materials to Project site in undamaged condition.

B. Store and handle stone and related materials to prevent deterioration or damage due to moisture, temperature changes, contaminants, corrosion, breaking, chipping, or other causes.

1. Store stone on wood skids or pallets with nonstaining, waterproof covers. Arrange to distribute weight evenly and to prevent damage to stone. Ventilate under covers to prevent condensation.

2. Store cementitious materials off ground, under cover, and in dry location. 3. Store aggregate materials covered and in dry location.


A. Do not set stone paving when air temperature or material temperature is below 50 deg F (10 deg C)

B. Maintain minimum ambient temperatures of

.

50 deg F (10 deg C)

C. Weather Limitations for Stone Paving: Comply with the following requirements:

during installation of stone paving and for 7 days after completion, unless higher temperatures are required by fabricator's or supplier's instructions.

1. Cold-Weather Requirements: Protect stone paving against freezing when atmospheric temperature is 40 deg F (4 deg C) and falling. Heat materials to provide mortar and grout temperatures between 40 and 120 deg F (4 and 49 deg C). Provide the following protection for completed portions of work for 24 hours after installation when the mean daily air temperature is as indicated: below 40 deg F (4 deg C), cover with weather-


resistant membrane; below 25 deg F (minus 4 deg C), cover with insulating blankets; below 20 deg F (minus 7 deg C), provide enclosure and temporary heat to maintain temperature above 32 deg F (0 deg C)

2. Hot-Weather Requirements: Protect stone paving when temperature and humidity conditions produce excessive evaporation of setting beds and grout. Provide artificial shade and windbreaks and use cooled materials as required. Do not apply mortar to substrates with temperatures of

.

100 deg F (38 deg C)

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

and above.

2.1 STONE SOURCES

A. Available Varieties and Sources: Subject to compliance with requirements, stone varieties that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, those indicated in the Stone Schedule.

B. Varieties and Sources: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the stone varieties indicated in the Stone Schedule for each stone type.

1. Where 2 or more stone types listed in the Stone Schedule are identical except for size or finish, provide the same variety from the same source for each type.

2.2 STONE, GENERAL

A. Match Architect's samples for variety, color, finish, and other stone characteristics relating to aesthetic effects.

B. Provide stone that is free of cracks, seams, and starts impairing structural integrity or function.

C. Provide stone from a single quarry for each variety of stone required.

1. Provide matched blocks extracted from contiguous locations in a single bed of quarry stratum unless stone from blocks randomly selected for aesthetic effect is approved by Architect.

2.3 QUARTZ-BASED STONE

A. Quartz-Based Dimension Stone Standard: ASTM C 616, classification as follows:

1. Classification: III Quartzite.

B. Quartzite: 1. Quartzite Paving shall be supplied by Stone Source, Washington, DC, or approved equal. 2. Type: Green Mountain Mist Quartzite. 3. Size: as indicated. 4. Thickness: 1 ¼” unless otherwise noted


5. Finish: Natural cleft. 6. Setting Bed: 1” mortar. 7. Joints: 3/8” grout. 8. Pattern: As indicated.

2.4 MORTAR MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement-Lime Mix: Packaged blend of portland cement complying with ASTM C 150, Type I or Type III, and hydrated lime complying with ASTM C 207.

1. For pigmented mortars, use colored portland cement-lime mix of formulation required to produce color indicated or, if not indicated, as selected from manufacturer's standard formulations. Pigments shall not exceed 10 percent of portland cement by weight for mineral oxides nor 2 percent for carbon black.

B. Aggregate: ASTM C 144 and as indicated below:

1. For joints narrower than 1/4 inch (6 mm), use aggregate graded with 100 percent passing No. 16 (1.18-mm)

2. For pointing mortar, use aggregate graded with 100 percent passing sieve.

No. 16 (1.18-mm)

3. Colored-Mortar Aggregates: Natural, colored sand or ground marble, granite, or other sound stone, as required to match Architect's sample.

sieve.

C. Mortar Pigments: Natural and synthetic iron oxides and chromium oxides, compounded for use in mortar mixes. Use only pigments with record of satisfactory performance in stone mortars.

D. Water: Potable.

2.5 GROUT

A. Grout Colors: Provide colors to comply with the following requirements:

1. Provide Architect's selection from manufacturer's full range of colors.

B. Latex-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A118.6, for materials described in H-2.4, composed as follows:

1. Factory-Prepared Dry-Grout Mixture: Factory-prepared mixture of portland cement; dry, redispersible, ethylene vinyl acetate additive; and other ingredients to produce the following:

a. Unsanded grout mixture for joints 1/8 inch (3 mm)b. Sanded grout mixture for joints

and narrower. 1/8 inch (3 mm)

2.6 ACCESSORIES

and wider.


A. Water-Cleanable Epoxy Adhesive: ANSI A118.3.

B. Setting Shims: Resilient plastic shims, nonstaining to stone, sized to suit joint thicknesses.

C. Isolation and Expansion Joints: Cork Joint Filler - Preformed strips complying with ASTM D 1752, Type II.

D. Cleaner: Provide stone cleaners specifically formulated for stone types, finishes, and applications indicated as recommended by stone producer and, if a sealer is specified, by sealer manufacturer. Do not use cleaning compounds containing acids, caustics, harsh fillers, or abrasives.

E. Floor Sealer: Colorless, slip- and stain-resistant sealer not affecting color or physical properties of stone surfaces, as recommended by stone producer for application indicated.

2.7 STONE FABRICATION

A. General: Fabricate stone paving in sizes and shapes required to comply with requirements indicated, including details on Drawings and Shop Drawings.

B. Cut stone to fit stone pattern as indicated on Drawings and Shop Drawings. Produce units to minimize field cutting for thickness, face sizes, and within fabrication tolerances recommended by applicable stone association or, if none, by stone source.

2.8 MORTAR AND GROUT MIXES

A. General: Comply with referenced standards and with manufacturers' written instructions for mix proportions, mixing equipment, mixer speeds, mixing containers, mixing time, and other procedures needed to produce mortar and grout of uniform quality and with optimum performance characteristics.

1. Do not use admixtures, including pigments, air-entraining agents, accelerators, retarders, water-repellent agents, antifreeze compounds, or other admixtures, unless otherwise indicated. Do not use calcium chloride.

2. Mixing: Combine and thoroughly mix cementitious materials, water, and aggregates in a mechanical batch mixer, unless otherwise indicated. Discard mortar and grout when they have reached initial set.

B. Portland Cement-Lime Setting Mortar: Comply with ASTM C 270, Proportion Specification for cement-lime mortar indicated below:

1. Type: Type S.

C. Latex-Modified-Portland Cement Setting-Bed Mortar: Proportion and mix portland cement, aggregate, and latex additive for setting bed to comply with latex additive manufacturer's written instructions and as necessary to produce stiff mixture with a moist surface when bed is ready to receive stone.


D. Latex-Modified-Portland Cement Slurry Bond Coat: Proportion and mix portland cement, aggregate, and latex additive for slurry bond coat to comply with latex additive manufacturer's written instructions.

E. Cement-Paste Slush Coat: Mix slush coat to a consistency similar to that of thick cream and consisting of either neat cement and water or cement, sand, and water.

1. For latex-modified-portland cement setting-bed mortar, substitute latex admixture for part or all of water according to latex additive manufacturer's written instructions.

F. Pointing Mortar: Provide pointing mortar mixed to match Architect's sample and complying with requirements indicated above for setting mortar, including type and the following:

1. Packaged Portland Cement-Lime Mix Mortar: Use portland cement-lime mix of selected color.

G. Joint Grout: Comply with mixing requirements of referenced ANSI standards and manufacturer's written instructions.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine surfaces to receive stone paving and conditions under which stone will be installed, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of stone paving.

1. For the record, prepare written report, endorsed by Installer, listing conditions detrimental to performance of stone paving.

2. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Vacuum clean concrete substrates to remove dirt, dust, debris, and loose particles.

B. Remove substances from concrete substrates that could impair mortar bond, including curing and sealing compounds, form oil, and laitance.

C. Clean stone surfaces that have become dirty or stained by removing soil, stains, and foreign materials before setting. Clean stone by thoroughly scrubbing with fiber brushes and then drenching with clear water. Use only mild cleaning compounds that contain no caustic or harsh materials or abrasives.

3.3 INSTALLATION, GENERAL


A. Execute stone paving installation by skilled mechanics and employ skilled stone fitters at the site to do necessary field cutting as stone is set.

1. Use power saws to cut stone. Produce lines cut straight and true, with edges eased slightly to prevent snipping.

B. Scribe and field-cut stone as necessary to fit at obstructions. Produce tight and neat joints.

C. Expansion- and Control-Joint Installation: Locate and install according to Drawings and Shop Drawings. Joint-sealant materials and installation are specified in Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants."

3.4 INSTALLATION TOLERANCES

A. Variation in Line: For position shown in plan for edges of paving and ramps, steps, changes in color or finish, and continuous joint lines, do not exceed 1/8 inch in 96 inches (3 mm in 2400 mm), 1/4 inch in 20 feet (6 mm in 6 m), or 3/8 inch (10 mm)

B. Variation in Surface Plane of Flooring: Do not exceed

maximum.

1/8 inch in 10 feet (3 mm in 3 m), 1/4 inch in 20 feet (6 mm in 6 m), or 3/8 inch (10 mm)

C. Variation in Joint Width: Do not vary joint thickness more than

maximum from level or slope indicated.

1/16 inch (1.5 mm)

D. Variation in Plane between Adjacent Units (Lipping): Do not exceed

or one-fourth of the nominal joint width, whichever is less.

1/32-inch (0.8-mm)

3.5 INSTALLING STONE DIRECTLY OVER CONCRETE

difference between planes of adjacent units.

A. Saturate concrete with clean water several hours before placing setting bed. Remove surface water about one hour before placing setting bed.

B. Apply cement-paste slush coat over surface of concrete about 15 minutes before placing setting bed. Limit area of slush coat to avoid its drying out before placing setting bed. Do not exceed 1/16-inch (1.5-mm)

C. Apply mortar setting bed over cement-paste slush coat immediately after slush coat has been applied. Spread and screed setting bed to uniform thickness at subgrade elevations required for accurate setting of stone to finished grades indicated.

thickness for cement-paste slush coat.

D. Mix and place only as much mortar setting bed as can be covered with stone before initial set. Cut back, bevel edge, remove, and discard setting-bed material that has reached initial set before placing stone.

E. Place stone before initial set of cement occurs. Immediately before placing stone on setting bed, apply uniform 1/16-inch- (1.5-mm-) thick, slurry bond coat to bed or to back of each stone unit with a flat trowel.


F. Tamp and beat stone with a wooden block or rubber mallet to obtain full contact with setting bed and to bring finished surfaces within indicated tolerances. Set each unit in a single operation before initial set of mortar; do not return to areas already set and disturb stone for purposes of realigning finished surfaces or adjusting joints.

G. Point joints after setting. Fill full with mortar type and color indicated. Tool joints flat, uniform, and smooth, without visible voids.

3.6 GROUTING STONE PAVING

A. Grout stone joints to comply with ANSI A108.10 and manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Grout joints as soon as possible after initial set of setting bed. Force grout into joints, taking care not to smear grout on adjoining stone and other surfaces. After initial set of grout, finish joints by tooling to produce a slightly concave polished joint, free from drying cracks.

C. Cure grout by maintaining in a damp condition for 7 days, except as otherwise recommended by latex additive manufacturer.

3.7 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING

A. Remove and replace stone paving of the following description:

1. Broken, chipped, stained, or otherwise damaged stone. Stone may be repaired if methods and results are approved by Architect.

2. Defective joints. 3. Stone paving, flooring, and joints not matching approved samples and mockups. 4. Stone paving not complying with other requirements indicated.

B. Replace in a manner that results in stone paving's matching approved samples and mockups, complying with other requirements, and showing no evidence of replacement.

C. In-Progress Cleaning: Clean stone paving as work progresses. Remove mortar fins and smears before tooling joints.

D. Clean stone paving after setting and grouting are complete. Use procedures recommended by stone fabricator for types of application.

E. Apply sealer to cleaned stone flooring according to sealer manufacturer's written instructions.

3.8 PROTECTION

A. Prohibit traffic from installed stone for a minimum of 72 hours.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02821-1 Issued for Permit OCULUS 4 December 2009 CHAIN LINK FENCING

SECTION 02821

CHAIN-LINK FENCING

PART 1 - GENERAL



1.2 SUMMARY


1. Chain-Link Fences:

B. Related Section s include the following:

1. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for site excavation, fill, and backfill where chain-link fences and gates are located.

2. Division 3 Section “Cast-in-Place Concrete”.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Include construction details, material descriptions, dimensions of individual components and profiles, and finishes for chain-link fences and gates.

1. Fence and posts, rails, and fittings. 2. Chain-link fabric.

B. Samples for Verification: For each type of chain-link fence indicated.

1. Polymer-coated steel wire (for fabric) in 6-inch (150-mm)

C. Product Certificates: For each type of chain-link fence signed by product manufacturer.

lengths.

1. Strength test results for framing according to ASTM F 1043.


A. Installer Qualifications: An experienced installer who has completed chain-link fences and gates similar in material, design, and extent to those indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance.



A. Field Measurements: Verify layout information for chain-link fences and gates shown on Drawings in relation to property survey and existing structures. Verify dimensions by field measurements.

B. Interruption of Existing Utility Service: Do not interrupt utility services to facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Architect no fewer than two days in advance of proposed interruption of utility services.

2. Do not proceed with interruption of utility services without Architect's written permission.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CHAIN-LINK FENCE FABRIC

A. General: Height indicated on Drawings. Provide fabric in one-piece heights measured between top and bottom of outer edge of selvage knuckle or twist. Comply with ASTM A 392, CLFMI CLF 2445, and requirements indicated below:

1. Steel Wire Fabric: Polymer-coated wire with a diameter of 0.148 inch

a. Mesh Size:

(3.76 mm

2 inchesb. Polymer Coating: ASTM D 668, Class 2a over metallic-coated steel wire.

(50 mm)

1) Color: Black, complying with ASTM F 934.

2. Selvage: Knuckled at both selvages.

2.2 INDUSTRIAL FENCE FRAMING

A. Posts and Rails: Comply with ASTM F 1043 for framing, ASTM F 1083 for Group IC round pipe, and the following:

1. Group: IA, round steel pipe, Schedule 40 2. Fence Height: 8 feet3. Strength Requirement: Heavy industrial according to ASTM F 1043.

(2.44 m)

4. Post Diameter and Thickness: According to ASTM F 1043 5. Post Size and Thickness: According to ASTM F 1043.

a. Top Rail, Bottom Rail and Intermediate Rail: 1.66 inchesb. Line Post:

(42 mm) 2.375 inches

c. End, Corner and Pull Post: (60 mm)

2.875 inches (73 mm)


6. Coating for Steel Framing:

a. Polymer coating over metallic coating.

2.3 FITTINGS

A. General: Comply with ASTM F 626.

B. Post and Line Caps: Provide for each post.

1. Line post caps with loop to receive tension wire or top rail.

2. Provide watertight closure for each post

C. Rail and Brace Ends: Attach rails securely to each gate, corner, pull, and end post.

D. Rail Fittings: Provide the following:

1. Top Rail Sleeves: Pressed-steel or round-steel tubing not less than 6 inches (152 mm)

2. Rail Clamps: Line and corner boulevard clamps for connecting intermediate and bottom rails in the fence line-to-line posts.

long.

E. Tension and Brace Bands: Aluminum Alloy 6063.

F. Tension Bars: Aluminum length not less than 2 inches (50 mm)

G. Tie Wires, Clips, and Fasteners: According to ASTM F 626.

shorter than full height of chain-link fabric. Provide one bar for each gate and end post, and two for each corner and pull post, unless fabric is integrally woven into post.

1. Standard Round Wire Ties: For attaching chain-link fabric to posts, rails, and frames, complying with the following: a. Aluminum: ASTM B 211 (ASTM B 211M); Alloy 1350-H19; 0.148-inch- (3.76-

mm-)

H. Finish:

diameter, mill-finished wire.

1. Polymer coating, black.

2.4 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

A. General: Comply with ACI 301 for cast-in-place concrete.

B. Materials: Portland cement complying with ASTM C 150 aggregates complying with ASTM C 33, and potable water.


1. Concrete Mixes: Normal-weight concrete air entrained with not less than 3000-psi (20.7- MPa) compressive strength (28 days), 3-inch (75-mm) slump, and 1-inch (25-mm)

2.5 GROUT AND ANCHORING CEMENT

max-imum size aggregate.

A. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grout: Premixed, factory-packaged, nonstaining, noncorrosive, nongaseous grout complying with ASTM C 1107. Provide grout, recommended in writing by manufacturer, for exterior applications.

B. Erosion-Resistant Anchoring Cement: Factory-packaged, nonshrink, nonstaining, hydraulic-controlled expansion cement formulation for mixing with potable water at Project site to create pourable anchoring, patching, and grouting compound. Provide formulation that is resistant to erosion from water exposure without needing protection by a sealer or waterproof coating and that is recommended in writing by manufacturer, for exterior applications.

2.6 FENCE GROUNDING

A. Conductors: Bare, solid wire for No. 6 AWG and smaller; stranded wire for No. 4 AWG and larger.

1. Material above Finished Grade: Aluminum. 2. Material on or below Finished Grade: Copper. 3. Bonding Jumpers: Braided copper tape, 1 inch (25 mm)

B. Connectors and Grounding Rods: Comply with UL 467.

wide, woven of No. 30 AWG bare copper wire, terminated with copper ferrules.

1. Connectors for Below-Grade Use: Exothermic welded type. 2. Grounding Rods: Copper-clad steel.

a. Size: 5/8 by 96 inches (16 by 2440 mm)

2.7 POLYMER FINISHES

.

A. Supplemental Color Coating: provide fence components with polymer coating.

B. Aluminum Framing and Fittings: Comply with ASTM F 626 and ASTM F 1043 for polymer coating applied to exterior surfaces and, except inside cap shapes, to exposed interior surfaces.

1. Polymer Coating: Not less than 3-mil- (0.076-mm-)

C. Color: Black, complying with ASTM F 934.

thick polyester finish.


PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for site clearing, earthwork, pavement work, and other conditions affecting performance.

1. Do not begin installation before final grading is completed, unless otherwise permitted by Architect.

2. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Stake locations of fence lines, gates, and terminal posts. Do not exceed intervals of 500 feet (152.5 m)


or line of sight between stakes. Indicate locations of utilities, lawn sprinkler system, underground structures, benchmarks, and property monuments.

A. Install chain-link fencing to comply with ASTM F 567 and more stringent requirements specified.

1. Install fencing on established boundary lines inside property line.

3.4 CHAIN-LINK FENCE INSTALLATION

A. Post Excavation: Drill or hand-excavate holes for posts to diameters and spacings indicated, in firm, undisturbed soil.

B. Post Setting: Set posts in concrete at indicated spacing into firm, undisturbed soil.

1. Verify that posts are set plumb, aligned, and at correct height and spacing, and hold in position during setting with concrete or mechanical devices.

C. Terminal Posts: Locate terminal end, corner, and gate posts per ASTM F 567 and terminal pull posts at changes in horizontal or vertical alignment of 30 degrees or more.

D. Line Posts: Space line posts as indicated on drawings.

E. Post Bracing and Intermediate Rails: Install according to ASTM F 567, maintaining plumb position and alignment of fencing. Install braces at end and gate posts and at both sides of corner and pull posts.

1. Locate horizontal braces at midheight of fabric 4 feet (1.83 m) or higher, on fences with top rail and at 2/3 fabric height on fences without top rail. Install so posts are plumb when diagonal rod is under proper tension.


F. Top Rail: Install according to ASTM F 567, maintaining plumb position and alignment of fencing. Run rail continuously through line post caps, bending to radius for curved runs and terminating into rail end attached to posts or post caps fabricated to receive rail at terminal posts. Provide expansion couplings as recommended in writing by fencing manufacturer.

G. Bottom Rails: Install, spanning between posts.

H. Chain-Link Fabric: Apply fabric to outside of enclosing framework. Leave 2 inches (50 mm)

I. Tension or Stretcher Bars: Thread through fabric and secure to end, corner, pull, and gate posts with tension bands spaced not more than

between finish grade or surface and bottom selvage, unless otherwise indicated. Pull fabric taut and tie to posts, rails, and tension wires. Anchor to framework so fabric remains under tension after pulling force is released.

15 inches (380 mm)

J. Tie Wires: Use wire of proper length to firmly secure fabric to line posts and rails. Attach wire at 1 end to chain-link fabric, wrap wire around post a minimum of 180 degrees, and attach other end to chain-link fabric per ASTM F 626. Bend ends of wire to minimize hazard to individuals and clothing.

o.c.

1. Maximum Spacing: Tie fabric to line posts at 12 inches (300 mm) o.c. and to braces at 24 inches (610 mm)

K. Fasteners: Install nuts for tension bands and carriage bolts on the side of the fence opposite the fabric side. Peen ends of bolts or score threads to prevent removal of nuts.

o.c.

3.5 GROUNDING AND BONDING

A. Fence Grounding: Install at maximum intervals of 1500 feet (450 m)

1. Fences within

except as follows:

100 Feet (30 m) of Buildings, Structures, Walkways, and Roadways: Ground at maximum intervals of 750 feet (225 m)

a. Gates and Other Fence Openings: Ground fence on each side of opening.

.

1) Bond metal gates to gate posts. 2) Bond across openings, with and without gates, except openings indicated as

intentional fence discontinuities. Use No. 2 AWG wire and bury it at least 18 inches (460 mm)

2. Grounding Method: At each grounding location, drive a ground rod vertically until the top is

below finished grade.

6 inches (150 mm)

B. Connections: Make connections so possibility of galvanic action or electrolysis is minimized. Select connectors, connection hardware, conductors, and connection methods so metals in direct contact will be galvanically compatible.

below finished grade. Connect rod to fence with No. 6 AWG conductor. Connect conductor to each fence component at the grounding location.


1. Use electroplated or hot-tin-coated materials to ensure high conductivity and to make contact points closer in order of galvanic series.

2. Make connections with clean, bare metal at points of contact. 3. Make aluminum-to-steel connections with stainless-steel separators and mechanical

clamps. 4. Make aluminum-to-galvanized-steel connections with tin-plated copper jumpers and

mechanical clamps. 5. Coat and seal connections having dissimilar metals with inert material to prevent future

penetration of moisture to contact surfaces.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02822-1 Issued for Permit 4 December 2009 OCULUS METAL FENCES AND GATES

SECTION 02822

METAL FENCES AND GATES

PART 1 - GENERAL



1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following: 1. Decorative steel tubular picket fences. 2. Swing gates.

B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete" for post footings.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Material descriptions, construction details, dimensions of individual components and profiles, and finishes for the following: 1. Gates and hardware. 2. Fencing system information.

B. Shop Drawings: Show locations of fence, each gate, posts, and fence panels. Indicate materials, dimensions, sizes, and finishes of components. Include plans, elevations, sections, gate swing and other required installation and operational clearances, and details of post anchorage and attachment and bracing.

C. Product Certificates: Signed by manufacturers of fences and gates certifying that products furnished comply with requirements.


A. Installer Qualifications: An experienced installer who has completed installation of fences and gates similar in material, design, and extent to those indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance.

B. Source Limitations for Fences and Gates: Obtain each color, grade, finish, type, and variety of component for fences and gates from one source with resources to provide fences and gates of consistent quality in appearance and physical properties.



A. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner’s Representative not less than two days in advance of proposed utility interruptions.

2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without Owner’s Representative's written permission.

B. Field Measurements: Verify layout information for fences and gates shown on Drawings in relation to property survey and existing structures. Verify dimensions by field measurements.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 STEEL

A. Plates, Shapes, and Bars: ASTM A 36/A 36M.

B. Bars (Pickets): Hot-rolled, carbon steel complying with ASTM A 29/A 29M, Grade 1010.

C. Tubing: ASTM A 500, cold formed steel tubing.

D. Bar Grating: NAAMM MBG 531.

1. Bars: Hot-rolled steel strip, ASTM A 1011/A 1011M, Commercial Steel, Type B. 2. Wire Rods: ASTM A 510

2.2 COATING MATERIALS

.

A. Shop Primers for Steel: Provide primers that comply with Division 09 Section "Exterior Painting."

B. Epoxy Zinc-Rich Primer for Steel: Complying with MPI #20 and compatible with coating specified to be applied over it.

1. Use primer with a VOC content of 340 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

C. Epoxy Primer for Galvanized Steel: Complying with MPI #101 and compatible with coating specified to be applied over it.

1. Use primer with a VOC content of 300 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

D. Epoxy Intermediate Coat: Complying with MPI #77 and compatible with primer and topcoat.


1. Use product with a VOC content of 250 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

E. Polyurethane Topcoat: Complying with MPI #72 and compatible with undercoat.

1. Use product with a VOC content of 250 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2.3 DECORATIVE STEEL FENCES

A. Decorative Steel Fences: Fences made from steel tubing and shapes.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, available manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. A & T Iron Works, Inc. b. Long Fence

B. Posts: Square steel tubing.

1. Line Posts: 2 by 2 inches (50 by 50 mm) 3/16-inch (4.76-mm)2. End and Corner Posts:

wall thickness. 2 by 2 inches (51 by 51 mm) 3/16-inch (4.76-mm)

3. Swing Gate Posts: wall thickness.

2 by 2 inches (51 by 51 mm) 3/16-inch (4.76-mm)

C. Post Caps: Flat post cap, formed from steel sheet and hot-dip galvanized after forming.

wall thickness.

D. Rails: 1. Steel Channel Rails: Steel channels 1-1/2 by 1-1/2 inch

E. Pickets:

.

3/4 inch (25 mm) square by 0.083-inch (2.11-mm)

1. Terminate tops of pickets at top rail for flush top appearance.

steel tubes.

2. Picket Spacing: 4-1/2 inches (101.6 mm),

F. Fasteners: Industrial drive rivets.

4” clear, maximum.

G. Fabrication: Assemble fences into sections by welding pickets to rails.

1. Fabricate sections with clips welded to rails for fastening to posts in field. 2. Drill posts and clips for fasteners before finishing to maximum extent possible.

H. Finish exposed welds to comply with NOMMA Guideline 1, Finish #4 - good-quality, uniform undressed weld with minimal splatter.

I. Galvanizing: For items other than hardware that are indicated to be galvanized, hot-dip galvanize to comply with ASTM A 123/A 123M. For hardware items, hot-dip galvanize to comply with ASTM A 153/A 153M.

1. Hot-dip galvanize posts and rails.


2. Hot-dip galvanize rail and picket assemblies after fabrication. 3. Hot-dip galvanize bar grating infill after fabrication.

2.4 SWING GATES

A. Gate: 1. Gate configuration: Single leaf. 2. Swing Direction: As indicated 3. Gate Height: as noted on drawings 4. Gate Opening: as noted on drawings

B. Galvanized-Steel Frames and Bracing: Fabricate members from square tubes 2 by 2 inches (50 by 50 mm) 0.108-inch (2.74-mm)

C. Picket Size, Configuration, and Spacing: Comply with requirements for adjacent fence.

nominal-thickness, metallic-coated steel sheet and hot-dip galvanized after fabrication.

D. Hardware: Latches permitting operation from both sides of gate, hinges, and keepers for each gate leaf. Provide center gate stops for pairs of gates. Fabricate latches with integral eye openings for padlocking.

E. Hinges: BHMA A156.1, Grade 1, suitable for exterior use.

1. Function: 39 - Full surface, triple weight, antifriction bearing. 2. Material: Wrought steel, forged steel, cast steel, or malleable iron.

F. Finish exposed welds to comply with NOMMA Guideline 1, Finish #4 - good-quality, uniform undressed weld with minimal splatter.

G. Galvanizing: For items other than hardware that are indicated to be galvanized, hot-dip galvanize to comply with ASTM A 123/A 123M unless otherwise indicated. For hardware items, hot-dip galvanize to comply with ASTM A 153/A 153M.

2.5 STEEL FINISHES

A. Surface Preparation: Clean surfaces according to SSPC-SP 5/NACE No. 1, "White Metal Blast Cleaning

1. After cleaning, apply a conversion coating suited to the organic coating to be applied over it.

B. Powder Coating: Immediately after cleaning, apply 2-coat finish consisting of epoxy primer and TGIC polyester topcoat, with a minimum total dry film thickness of not less than 8 mils (0.20 mm)

1. Color and Gloss: As selected by Architect from manufacturer’s full range.

. Comply with coating manufacturer's written instructions.


C. Primer Application: Apply zinc-rich epoxy primer immediately after cleaning, to provide a minimum dry film thickness of 2 mils (0.05 mm)

D. Shop-Painted Finish: Comply with Division 09 Section "Exterior Painting."

per applied coat, to surfaces that will be exposed after assembly and installation, and to concealed surfaces.

E. High-Performance Coating: Apply epoxy intermediate and polyurethane topcoats to prime-coated surfaces. Comply with coating manufacturer's written instructions and with requirements in SSPC-PA 1, "Paint Application Specification No. 1: Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting of Steel," for shop painting. Apply at spreading rates recommended by coating manufacturer.

1. Match approved Samples for color, texture, and coverage. Remove and refinish, or recoat work that does not comply with specified requirements.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for site clearing, earthwork, pavement work, and other conditions affecting performance.

B. Do not begin installation before final grading is completed, unless otherwise permitted by Owner’s Representative.

C. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.


A. Stake locations of fence lines, gates, and terminal posts.

B. Post Excavation: Drill or hand-excavate holes for posts to diameters and spacings indicated, in firm, undisturbed or compacted soil.

C. Posts Set in Concrete: Extend post to within 6 inches (150 mm) of specified excavation depth, but not closer than 3 inches (75 mm)

D. Post Setting: Hand-excavate holes for post foundations in firm, undisturbed or compacted soil. Set posts in concrete footing. Protect portion of posts aboveground from concrete splatter. Place concrete around posts and vibrate or tamp for consolidation. Slope top of concrete to drain water away from post.

to bottom of concrete.

E. Verify that posts are set plumb, aligned, and at correct height and spacing, and hold in position during placement and finishing operations until concrete is sufficiently cured.

1. Dimensions and Profile: As indicated on Drawings.


3.3 FENCE AND GATE INSTALLATION

A. Fence: Install Fence in accordance with manufactures installation instructions and recommendations, and as indicated.

B. Gates: Install gates according to manufacturer's written instructions, level, plumb, and secure for full opening without interference. Attach hardware using tamper-resistant or concealed means. Install ground-set items in concrete for anchorage. Adjust hardware for smooth operation and lubricate where necessary.

3.4 ADJUSTING

A. Gate: Adjust gate to operate smoothly, easily, and quietly, free from binding, warp, excessive deflection, distortion, nonalignment, misplacement, disruption, or malfunction, throughout entire operational range. Confirm that latches and locks engage accurately and securely without forcing or binding.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02870-1 Issued for Permit OCULUS 4 December 2009 SITE FURNISHINGS

SECTION 02870

SITE FURNISHINGS

PART 1 - GENERAL



1.2 SUMMARY

A. Extent of each type of site furnishings is indicated on drawings and specified herein.

B. Types of site furnishings include the following:

1. Trench Drains and Grates 2. Gravel Bedding 3. Steel Edging 4. Bollards & Chain 5. Bench Wood

1.3 DELIVERY STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Deliver components in containers designed to protect system and finish until final installation. Make arrangements to receive furnishings at project site or to hold in warehouse until delivery can be made to job site.

B. Store all components in original containers and in location to provide adequate protection to equipment while not interfering with other construction operations.

C. Handle components carefully to avoid damage to components, and finish. Do not install damaged furnishings; replace and return damaged components to furniture manufacturer.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Samples for Verification: For each of the following: 1. Chain samples for verification: include two samples of no less than 12” length. 2. 3lbs. Gravel labeled in plastic containers


3. Bench Wood: Size: Nominal width and thickness by 12-inch length components to match architect’s sample.

B. Product Data: Submit manufacturer’s technical data and installation instructions for each site furnishings item. 1. Submit manufacturers color chart for all painted items. Final colors to be selected by

Architect.

C. Descriptive Literature: Submit manufacturers descriptive literature and installation instructions for the following: 1. Trench Drains and Grates 2. Steel Edging 3. Bollards

D. Shop Drawings: Show details of fabrications and installation of wood bench. Indicate layout, materials, dimensions, and all adjacencies. Provide plans, sections and details for all components. 1. Show locations and details of anchors, fasteners and supports 2. Show locations and dimensions of joints. 3. Show locations, dimensions, and detailing of hardwood components. 4. Show profiles including all anti-slip grooves, edge radii, tapers, and joints where separate

pieces of wood will be joined to form composite shapes as indicated per Drawings.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A. Delivery and Storage:

1. Keep materials under cover and dry. 2. Protect against exposure to weather and contact with damp or wet surfaces. 3. Stack lumber and place spacers between each bundle to provide air circulation. Store

lumber a minimum of 8” above ground. 4. Provide for air circulation within and around stacks and under temporary coverings. 5. Do not store hardwood under tarps, plastics, or other coverings that will trap humidity. 6. Protect stored lumber from direct sunlight prior to installation. 7. Store lumber in a manner to eliminate staining from stacked pieces.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 TRENCH DRAINS and GRATES

A. Trench Drains shall be manufactured by NDS, 1-800-726-1994, www.ndspro.com/cms/ 1. Type: Mini Channel drain 2. Spigot Outlet Type: 2” Bottom

B. Trench Drain Grates shall be manufactured by Iron Age Designs, 206-276-0925 www.ironagegrates.com

http://www.ndspro.com/cms/�

http://www.ironagegrates.com/�


1. Type: Interlaken 2. Material: Raw cast grey iron 3. Finish: Baked oil 4. Width: 3” 5. Length: Standard 11” lengths

2.2 GRAVEL BEDDING

A. Gravel Bedding material shall be “Chalet”.

1. Size: 1” to 3”. 2. Depth: 4”, or as indicated.

B. Filter Fabric: Geotextile shall be Hoechst Trevira Spunbound 1114 or approved equal.

2.3 STEEL EDGING

A. Steel edging shall be manufactured by Border Concepts Inc., Charlotte, NC, or approved equal.

1. Size: 3/8 “ by 4” by standard length. 2. Finish: factory finish paint – black.

2.4 BOLLARDS

A. Bollards shall be manufactured by Creative Pipe, Inc., Rancho Mirage, California, 1-800-644-8467 www.creativepipe.com , or approved equal.

1. Type: CBR-4-P-DT-2 2. Color: Black.

B. Bollard Chain shall be provided with the requirements below.

1. Size: 3/8”, inside length 1.45”, inside width .60” 2. Color: Black.

2.5 BENCH WOOD

A. Black Locust

1. #1 Grade 2. Hardwood that shows signs of twisting, warping, or checking will be rejected

http://www.creativepipe.com/�


B. Fasteners for Exterior Finish Carpentry: Provide fasteners of size and type indicated that comply with requirements specified in this Section and the Drawings for material and manufacturer: 1. Provide stainless steel fasteners for all exterior attachments. 2. For all anchoring or fastening systems, use fasteners as required and specified by the

manufacturer. 3. Nails, screws, and other anchoring devices of type, size, material, and finish required for

application indicated to provide secure attachment, concealed where possible.

C. Bolts: Stainless Steel bolts complying with ASTM A 301, Grade A; with ASTM A 563 hex nuts and, where indicated, flat washers.

D. Fabrication: 1. Wood Moisture Content: Comply with requirements of specified inspection agencies and

manufacturer's recommendations for moisture content of finish carpentry on relative humidity conditions existing during time of fabrication and in installation areas.

2. Fabricate finish carpentry to dimensions, profiles, and details indicated. a. Back out or kerf backs of the following members, except members with ends

exposed in finished work. b. Ease edges of lumber less than 1 inch in nominal thickness to 1/16-inch radius. c. Ease edges of lumber 1 inch or more in nominal thickness to 1/8-inch radius.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Install items in accordance with manufacturer’s installation instructions, and approved shop drawings using fasteners that are appropriate to substrate and recommended by manufacturer of item. 1. Where items are installed over structure, verify that fasteners do not penetrate

waterproofing membrane.

B. Where fasteners are exposed, the fastener shall be finished to match the accessories. All fasteners that are accessible to the public shall be theft proof type.

C. Protect completed installations from damage. Repair or replace damaged items as directed by the Architect.


Mt. Pleasant Library 02920-1 Issued for Permit 4 December 2009 OCULUS LAWNS AND GRASSES

SECTION 02920

LAWNS AND GRASSES

PART 1 - GENERAL


A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Condi-tions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY


1. Fine grading and preparing lawn areas. 2. Furnishing and applying new topsoil. 3. Furnishing and applying soil amendments. 4. Furnishing and applying fertilizers. 5. Seeding new lawns. 6. Sodding new lawns.

B. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this Section:

1. Division 2 Section "Site Clearing" for protection of existing trees and planting, topsoil stripping and stockpiling, and site clearing.

2. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for excavation, filling, rough grading, and subsurface ag-gregate drainage and drainage backfill.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Submit each item in this Article according to the Conditions of the Contract and Divi-sion 1 Specification Sections.

B. Certification of grass seed from seed vendor for each grass-seed mixture stating the botanical and common name and percentage by weight of each species and variety, and percentage of purity, germination, and weed seed. Include the year of production and date of packaging.

1. Certification of each seed mixture for sod, identifying sod source, including name and telephone number of supplier.

C. Certification by product manufacturer that the following products supplied comply with re-quirements:

1. Limestone. 2. Fertilizers.


D. Material test reports from qualified independent testing agency indicating and interpreting test results relative to compliance of the following materials with requirements indicated.

1. Analysis of stockpiled existing topsoil. 2. Analysis of imported topsoil.


A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer who has completed landscaping work similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of suc-cessful grass establishment.

1. Installer's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time su-pervisor on the Project site during times that grass planting is in progress.

B. Topsoil Analysis: Furnish a soil analysis made by a qualified independent soil-testing agency stating percentages of organic matter, inorganic matter (silt, clay, and sand), deleterious materi-al, pH, and mineral and plant-nutrient content of topsoil.

1. Report suitability of topsoil for lawn growth. State recommended quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash nutrients and any limestone, aluminum sulfate, or other soil amendments to be added to produce a satisfactory topsoil.


A. Seed: Deliver seed in original sealed, labeled, and undamaged containers.

B. Sod: Harvest, deliver, store, and handle sod according to the requirements of the American Sod Producers Association's (ASPA) "Specifications for Turfgrass Sod Materials and Transplant-ing/Installing."

1.6 COORDINATION AND SCHEDULING

A. Planting Season: Sow lawn seed and install sod during normal planting seasons for type of lawn work required. Correlate planting with specified maintenance periods to provide required maintenance from date of Substantial Completion.

B. Weather Limitations: Proceed with planting only when existing and forecast weather conditions are suitable for work.

1.7 MAINTENANCE

A. Begin maintenance of lawns immediately after each area is planted and continue until accepta-ble lawn is established, but for not less than the following periods:

1. Seeded Lawns: 60 days after date of Substantial Completion.


a. When full maintenance period has not elapsed before end of planting season, or if lawn is not fully established at that time, continue maintenance during next plant-ing season.

2. Sodded Lawns: 60 days after date of Substantial Completion.

B. Maintain and establish lawns by watering, fertilizing, weeding, mowing, trimming, replanting, and other operations. Roll, regrade, and replant bare or eroded areas and remulch to produce a uniformly smooth lawn.

1. Replant bare areas with same materials specified for lawns. 2. Add new mulch in areas where mulch has been disturbed by wind or maintenance opera-

tions sufficiently to nullify its purpose. Anchor as required to prevent displacement.

C. Watering: Provide and maintain temporary piping, hoses, and lawn-watering equipment to con-vey water from sources and to keep lawns uniformly moist to a depth of 4 inches (100 mm)

1. Lay out temporary lawn-watering system and arrange watering schedule to prevent wilt-ing, puddling, erosion, and displacement of seed or mulch. Lay out temporary watering system to avoid walking over muddy or newly seeded, plugged, or sprigged areas.

.

2. Water lawn at the minimum rate of 1 inch (25 mm)

D. Mow lawns as soon as there is enough top growth to cut with mower set at specified height for principal species planted. Repeat mowing as required to maintain specified height without cut-ting more than 40 percent of the grass height. Remove no more than 40 percent of grass-leaf growth in initial or subsequent mowings. Do not delay mowing until grass blades bend over and become matted. Do not mow when grass is wet. Schedule initial and subsequent mowings to maintain following grass height:

per week.

1. Seed Mix Type 1: Mow grass from 2 to 3 inches high.

E. Postfertilization: Apply fertilizer to lawn after first mowing and when grass is dry.

1. Use fertilizer that will provide actual nitrogen of at least 1 lb per 1000 sq. ft. (0.5 kg per 100 sq. m)

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

of lawn area.

2.1 SEED

A. Grass Seed: Fresh, clean, dry, new-crop seed complying with the Association of Official Seed Analysts' "Rules for Testing Seeds" for purity and germination tolerances.

1. Seed Mixture: Provide seed of grass species and varieties, proportions by weight, and minimum percentages of purity, germination, and maximum percentage of weed seed as indicated on Schedules at the end of this Section.

2.2 SOD


A. Sod: Certified turfgrass sod complying with ASPA specifications for machine-cut thickness, size, strength, moisture content, and mowed height, and free of weeds and undesirable native grasses. Provide viable sod of uniform density, color, and texture of the following turfgrass species, strongly rooted, and capable of vigorous growth and development when planted.

1. Species: Provide sod of grass species and varieties, proportions by weight, and minimum percentages of purity, germination, and maximum percentage of weed seed as indicated on Schedules at the end of this Section.

2.3 TOPSOIL

A. Topsoil: ASTM D 5268, pH range of 5.5 to 7, 4 percent organic material minimum, free of stones 1 inch (25 mm)

1. Topsoil Source: Reuse surface soil stockpiled on the site. Verify suitability of surface soil to produce topsoil meeting requirements and amend when necessary. Supplement with imported topsoil when quantities are insufficient at no increase to contract sum. Clean topsoil of roots, plants, sods, stones, clay lumps, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

or larger in any dimension, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

2. Topsoil Depth: Place 4” of top soil in areas to be seeded or sodded.

2.4 SOIL AMENDMENTS

A. Lime: ASTM C 602, Class T, agricultural limestone containing a minimum 80 percent calcium carbonate equivalent, with a minimum 99 percent passing a No. 8 (2.36 mm) sieve and a mini-mum 75 percent passing a No. 60 (250 micrometer)

1. Provide lime in the form of dolomitic limestone.

sieve.

B. Aluminum Sulfate: Commercial grade, unadulterated.

C. Sand: Clean, washed, natural or manufactured sand, free of toxic materials.

D. Perlite: Horticultural perlite, soil amendment grade.

E. Peat Humus: Finely divided or granular texture, with a pH range of 6 to 7.5, composed of par-tially decomposed moss peat (other than sphagnum), peat humus, or reed-sedge peat.

F. Sawdust or Ground-Bark Humus: Decomposed, nitrogen-treated, of uniform texture, free of chips, stones, sticks, soil, or toxic materials.

1. When site treated, mix with at least 0.15 lb (2.4 kg) of ammonium nitrate or 0.25 lb (4 kg) of ammonium sulfate per cu. ft. (cu. m) of loose sawdust or ground bark.


G. Manure: Well-rotted, unleached stable or cattle manure containing not more than 25 percent by volume of straw, sawdust, or other bedding materials; free of toxic substances, stones, sticks, soil, weed seed, and material harmful to plant growth.

H. Herbicides: EPA registered and approved, of type recommended by manufacturer.

I. Water: Potable.

2.5 FERTILIZER

A. Commercial Fertilizer: Commercial-grade complete fertilizer of neutral character, consisting of fast- and slow-release nitrogen, 50 percent derived from natural organic sources of urea-form, phosphorous, and potassium in the following composition: 1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in soil

reports from a qualified soil-testing agency.

2.6 MULCHES

A. Straw Mulch: Provide air-dry, clean, mildew- and seed-free, salt hay or threshed straw of wheat, rye, oats, or barley.

B. Asphalt Emulsion Tackifier: Asphalt emulsion, ASTM D 977, Grade SS-1, nontoxic and free of plant growth- or germination-inhibitors.

2.7 EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS

A. Blankets: Biodegradable wood excelsior, straw, or coconut-fiber mat enclosed in a photode-gradable plastic mesh. Include manufacturer's recommended steel wire staples, 6 inches (150 mm)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

long.

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas to receive lawns and grass for compliance with requirements and for conditions affecting performance of work of this Section. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfac-tory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities, trees, shrubs, and plant-ings from damage caused by planting operations.

B. Provide erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.


3.3 PLANTING SOIL PREPARATION

A. Limit subgrade preparation to areas that will be planted in the immediate future.

B. Loosen subgrade to a minimum depth of 4 inches (100 mm). Remove stones larger than 1-1/2 inches (38 mm)

C. Mix soil amendments and fertilizers with topsoil at rates recommended by soil testing agency. Delay mixing fertilizer if planting does not follow placing of planting soil within a few days. Either mix soil before spreading or apply soil amendments on surface of spread topsoil and mix thoroughly into top

in any dimension and sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter.

4 inches (100 mm)

D. Spread planting soil mixture to depth required to meet thickness, grades, and elevations shown, after light rolling and natural settlement. Do not spread if planting soil or subgrade is frozen.

of topsoil before planting.

1. Place approximately 1/2 the thickness of planting soil mixture required. Work into top of loosened subgrade to create a transition layer and then place remainder of planting soil mixture.

2. Allow for sod thickness in areas to be sodded.

E. Preparation of Unchanged Grades: Where lawns are to be planted in areas unaltered or undis-turbed by excavating, grading, or surface soil stripping operations, prepare soil as follows:

1. Remove and dispose of existing grass, vegetation, and turf. Do not turn over into soil be-ing prepared for lawns.

2. Till surface soil to a depth of at least 6 inches (150 mm). Apply required soil amend-ments and initial fertilizers and mix thoroughly into top 4 inches (100 mm)

3. Clean surface soil of roots, plants, sod, stones, clay lumps, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

of soil. Trim high areas and fill in depressions. Till soil to a homogenous mixture of fine texture.

4. Remove waste material, including grass, vegetation, and turf, and legally dispose of it off the Owner's property.

F. Grade lawn and grass areas to a smooth, even surface with loose, uniformly fine texture. Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions to meet finish grades. Limit fine grading to areas that can be planted in the immediate future. Remove trash, debris, stones larger than 1 inch

G. Moisten prepared lawn areas before planting when soil is dry. Water thoroughly and allow sur-face to dry before planting. Do not create muddy soil.

in any dimension, and other objects that may interfere with planting or maintenance operations.

H. Restore prepared areas if eroded or otherwise disturbed after fine grading and before planting.

3.4 SEEDING NEW LAWNS

A. Sow seed with a spreader or a seeding machine. Do not broadcast or drop seed when wind ve-locity exceeds 5 mph (8 km/h). Evenly distribute seed by sowing equal quantities in 2 direc-tions at right angles to each other.


1. Do not use wet seed or seed that is moldy or otherwise damaged in transit or storage.

B. Sow seed at the following rates: 1. Seed Mix Type A: 3 to 4 lb per 1000 sq. ft

C. Rake seed lightly into top

.

1/8 inch (3 mm)

D. Protect seeded slopes exceeding 1:4 against erosion with erosion-control blankets installed and stapled according to manufacturer's recommendations.

of topsoil, roll lightly, and water with fine spray.

E. Protect seeded areas with slopes less than 1:6 against erosion by spreading straw mulch after completion of seeding operations. Spread uniformly at a minimum rate of 2 tons per acre (45 kg per 100 sq. m) to form a continuous blanket 1-1/2 inches (38 mm)

1. Anchor straw mulch by crimping into topsoil by suitable mechanical equipment.

loose depth over seeded areas. Spread by hand, blower, or other suitable equipment.

2. Contractor’s Option: Anchor straw mulch by spraying with asphalt-emulsion tackifier at the rate of 10 to 13 gal. per 1000 sq. ft. (41 to 53 L per 100 sq. m)

F. Protect seeded areas against hot, dry weather or drying winds by applying peat mulch within 24 hours after completion of seeding operations. Soak and scatter uniformly to a depth of

. Take precautions to prevent damage or staining of structures or other plantings adjacent to mulched areas. Immediately clean damaged or stained areas.

3/16 inch (4.8 mm)

3.5 HYDROSEEDING NEW LAWNS

thick and roll to a smooth surface.

A. Hydroseeding is prohibited.

3.6 SODDING NEW LAWNS

A. Lay sod within 24 hours of stripping. Do not lay sod if dormant or if ground is frozen.

B. Lay sod to form a solid mass with tightly fitted joints. Butt ends and sides of sod; do not stretch or overlap. Stagger sod strips or pads to offset joints in adjacent courses. Avoid damage to subgrade or sod during installation. Tamp and roll lightly to ensure contact with subgrade, eliminate air pockets, and form a smooth surface. Work sifted soil or fine sand into minor cracks between pieces of sod; remove excess to avoid smothering sod and adjacent grass.

1. Lay sod across angle of slopes exceeding 1:3. 2. Anchor sod on slopes exceeding 1:6 with wood pegs spaced as recommended by sod

manufacturer but not less than 2 anchors per sod strip to prevent slippage.

C. Saturate sod with fine water spray within 2 hours of planting. During first week, water daily or more frequently as necessary to maintain moist soil to a minimum depth of 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) below the sod.


3.7 SATISFACTORY LAWN

A. Seeded lawns will be satisfactory provided requirements, including maintenance, have been met and a healthy, uniform, close stand of grass is established, free of weeds, bare spots exceeding 5 by 5 inches (125 by 125 mm)

B. Sodded lawns will be satisfactory provided requirements, including maintenance, have been met and healthy, well-rooted, even-colored, viable lawn is established, free of weeds, open joints, bare areas, and surface irregularities.

, and surface irregularities.

C. Replant lawns that do not meet requirements and continue maintenance until lawns are satisfac-tory.

3.8 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION

A. Promptly remove soil and debris created by lawn work from paved areas. Clean wheels of ve-hicles before leaving site to avoid tracking soil onto surface of roads, walks, or other paved areas.

B. Erect barricades and warning signs as required to protect newly planted areas from traffic. Maintain barricades throughout maintenance period until lawn is established.

3.9 SEED MIXTURES SCHEDULE

A. Seed Mix Type A

: Provide certified grass-seed blends or mixes, proportioned by weight, as fol-lows:

Proportion Name Min. Pct. Germ.

Min. Pct. Pure Sd.

Max. Pct. Weed Sd.

90 pct. Three varieties of VA/MD Turf Type 85 98 0.25 Tall Fescue 5 pct. One variety of VA/MD Bluegrass 85 85 0.25 5 pct. Annual Rygrass 90 90 0.25


Mt. Pleasant Library 02930-1 Issued for Permit 4 December 2009 OCULUS EXTERIOR PLANTS

SECTION 02930

PART 1 - GENERAL

EXTERIOR PLANTS



1.2 SUMMARY


1. Trees. 2. Shrubs. 3. Ground cover. 4. Plants. 5. Organic Mulch. 6. Planting Soil Mixes. 7. Landscape Edging.


1. Division 2 Section "Selective Demolition" for topsoil stripping and stockpiling. 2. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for excavation, filling, and rough grading.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Balled and Burlapped Stock: Exterior plants dug with firm, natural balls of earth in which they are grown, with ball size not less than diameter and depth recommended by ANSI Z60.1 for type and size of tree or shrub required; wrapped, tied, rigidly supported, and drum-laced as recommended by ANSI Z60.1.

B. Container-Grown Stock: Healthy, vigorous, well-rooted exterior plants grown in a container with well-established root system reaching sides of container and maintaining a firm ball when removed from container. Container shall be rigid enough to hold ball shape and protect root mass during shipping and be sized according to ANSI Z60.1 for kind, type, and size of exterior plant required.

C. Finish Grade: Elevation of finished surface of planting soil.

D. Manufactured Topsoil: Soil produced off-site by homogeneously blending mineral soils or sand with stabilized organic soil amendments to produce topsoil or planting soil.


E. Planting Soil: Native or imported topsoil, manufactured topsoil, or surface soil modified to become topsoil; mixed with soil amendments.

F. Subgrade: Surface or elevation of subsoil remaining after completing excavation, or top surface of a fill or backfill, before placing planting soil.

1.4 SUBMITTALS


B. Samples for Verification: For each of the following:

1. 1 lb2. 3 lbs of Gravel Type 1, in labeled plastic containers.

of organic mulch for each color and texture required, in labeled plastic bags.

C. Qualification Data: For landscape Installer.

1. Qualification data for firms and persons specified in the "Quality Assurance" Article to demonstrate their capabilities and experience. Include lists of completed projects with project names and addresses, names and address of architects and owners, and other information specified.

D. Material test reports from qualified independent testing agency indicating and interpreting test results relative to compliance of the following materials with requirements indicated.

1. Analysis of imported topsoil.

2. Top Soil Testing Agency recommendations for soil amendments.

E. Planting Schedule: Indicating anticipated planting dates for exterior plants.

F. Maintenance Instructions: Recommended procedures for maintenance of exterior plants during a calendar year. Submit before expiration of required maintenance periods.


A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer who has completed landscaping work similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of successful landscape establishment.

1. Installer's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time supervisor on Project site when exterior planting is in progress.

B. Soil-Testing Laboratory Qualifications: An independent laboratory, recognized by the State Department of Agriculture, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated and that specializes in types of tests to be performed.


C. Topsoil Analysis: Furnish soil analysis by a qualified soil-testing laboratory stating percentages of organic matter; gradation of sand, silt, and clay content; cation exchange capacity; deleterious material; pH; and mineral and plant-nutrient content of topsoil.

1. Report suitability of topsoil for plant growth. a. State recommended quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash nutrients and

soil amendments (if any) to be added to produce a satisfactory planting soil.

D. Provide quality, size, genus, species, and variety of exterior plants indicated, complying with applicable requirements in ANSI Z60.1, "American Standard for Nursery Stock."

1. Selection of exterior plants purchased under allowances will be made by Architect, who will tag plants at their place of growth before they are prepared for transplanting.

E. Tree and Shrub Measurements: Measure according to ANSI Z60.1 with branches and trunks or canes in their normal position. Do not prune to obtain required sizes. Take caliper measurements 6 inches above ground for trees up to 4-inch caliper size, and 12 inches

F. Observation: Architect may observe trees and shrubs either at place of growth or at site before planting for compliance with requirements for genus, species, variety, size, and quality. Architect retains right to observe trees and shrubs further for size and condition of balls and root systems, insects, injuries, and latent defects and to reject unsatisfactory or defective material at any time during progress of work. Remove rejected trees or shrubs immediately from Project site.

above ground for larger sizes. Measure main body of tree or shrub for height and spread; do not measure branches or roots tip-to-tip.

1. Notify Architect of sources of planting materials fourteen days in advance of delivery to site.

G. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with requirements in Division 1 Section "Project Management and Coordination."

1.6 SELECTION, TAGGING AND ORDERING OF PLANT MATERIAL

A. Plants shall be subject to inspection and approval by Owner's representative at place of growth and upon delivery for conformity to specifications. Such approval shall not impair the right of inspection and rejection during progress of the work. Submit written request for inspection of plant material at place of growth to Owner's Representative. Written request shall state the place of growth and quantity of plants to be inspected. Owner's representative reserves right to refuse inspection at this time if, in his judgment, a sufficient quantity of plants is not available for in-spection.

B. Substitutions of plant materials will not be permitted unless authorized in writing by Owner's Representative. If proof is submitted that any plant specified is not obtainable, a proposal will be considered for use of the nearest equivalent size or variety with corresponding adjustment of Contract price. These provisions shall not relieve Contractor of the responsibility of obtaining specified materials in advance if special growing conditions or other arrangements must be made in order to supply specified materials.



A. Deliver exterior plants freshly dug.

B. Do not prune trees and shrubs before delivery, except as approved by Architect. Protect bark, branches, and root systems from sun scald, drying, sweating, whipping, and other handling and tying damage. Do not bend or bind-tie trees or shrubs in such a manner as to destroy their natural shape. Provide protective covering of exterior plants during delivery. Do not drop exterior plants during delivery.

C. Handle planting stock by root ball.

D. Deliver exterior plants after preparations for planting have been completed and install immediately. If planting is delayed more than six hours after delivery, set exterior plants trees in shade, protect from weather and mechanical damage, and keep roots moist.

1. Heel-in bare-root stock. Soak roots in water for two hours if dried out. 2. Set balled stock on ground and cover ball with soil, peat moss, sawdust, or other

acceptable material. 3. Do not remove container-grown stock from containers before time of planting. 4. Water root systems of exterior plants stored on-site with a fine-mist spray. Water as

often as necessary to maintain root systems in a moist condition.


A. Utilities: Determine location of above grade and underground utilities and perform work in a manner which will avoid damage. Hand excavate, as required. Maintain grade stakes until re-moval is mutually agreed upon by parties concerned.

B. Excavation: When conditions detrimental to plant growth are encountered, such as rubble fill, adverse drainage conditions, or obstructions, notify Architect before planting.

1.9 COORDINATION

A. Planting Restrictions: Plant during one of the following periods. Coordinate planting periods with maintenance periods to provide required maintenance from date of Substantial Completion.

1. Spring Planting: March 15-June 15. 2. Fall Planting: September 15-December 15.

B. Weather Limitations: Proceed with planting only when existing and forecasted weather conditions permit.

1.10 WARRANTY

A. General Warranty: The special warranty specified in this Article shall not deprive the Owner of other rights the Owner may have under other provisions of the Contract Documents and shall be


in addition to, and run concurrent with, other warranties made by the Contractor under require-ments of the Contract Documents.

B. Special Warranty: Warrant the following exterior plants, for the warranty period indicated, against defects including death and unsatisfactory growth, except for defects resulting from lack of adequate maintenance, neglect, or abuse by Owner, or incidents that are beyond Contractor's control.

1. Warranty Period for Trees and Shrubs: One year from date of Substantial Completion. 2. Warranty Period for Ground Cover and Plants: One year from date of Substantial

Completion. 3. Remove dead exterior plants immediately. Replace immediately unless required to plant

in the succeeding planting season. 4. Replace exterior plants that are more than 25 percent dead or in an unhealthy condition at

end of warranty period. 5. A limit of one replacement of each exterior plant will be required, except for losses or

replacements due to failure to comply with requirements.

1.11 MAINTENANCE

A. Trees and Shrubs: Maintain for the following maintenance period by pruning, cultivating, watering, weeding, fertilizing, tightening and repairing stakes and guy supports, and resetting to proper grades or vertical position, as required to establish healthy, viable plantings. Spray as required to keep trees and shrubs free of insects and disease.

1. Maintenance Period: 12 months from date of Substantial Completion. 2. Remove soil saucers no later than 3 months from date of Substantial Completion.

B. Ground Cover and Plants: Maintain for the following maintenance period by watering, weeding, fertilizing, and other operations as required to establish healthy, viable plantings:

1. Maintenance Period: 12 months from date of Substantial Completion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 TREE AND SHRUB MATERIAL

A. General: Furnish nursery-grown trees and shrubs complying with ANSI Z60.1, with healthy root systems developed by transplanting or root pruning. Provide well-shaped, fully branched, healthy, vigorous stock free of disease, insects, eggs, larvae, and defects such as knots, sun scald, injuries, abrasions, and disfigurement.

B. Grade: Provide trees and shrubs of sizes and grades complying with ANSI Z60.1 for type of trees and shrubs required. Trees and shrubs of a larger size may be used if acceptable to Architect, with a proportionate increase in size of roots or balls.


C. Label at least one tree and one shrub of each variety and caliper with a securely attached, waterproof tag bearing legible designation of botanical and common name.

D. If formal arrangements or consecutive order of trees or shrubs is shown, select stock for uniform height and spread, and number label to assure symmetry in planting.

2.2 SHADE AND FLOWERING TREES

A. Shade Trees: Single-stem trees with straight trunk, well-balanced crown, and intact leader, of height and caliper indicated, complying with ANSI Z60.1 for type of trees required.

1. Provide balled and burlapped trees. 2. Branching Height: One-half of tree height.

B. Street Trees: Single-stem trees with straight trunk, well-balanced crown, and intact leader, of height and caliper indicated, complying with ANSI Z60.1 for type of trees required.

1. Provide balled and burlapped trees. 2. Branching Height: Limb up trees to a height of at least 10’ above finished grade, or ½ of

tree height, whichever is greater.

C. Small Upright and Spreading Trees: Branched or pruned naturally according to species and type, with relationship of caliper, height, and branching according to ANSI Z60.1; stem form as follows:

1. Stem Form: Single stem. 2. Provide balled and burlapped trees.

D. Multistem Trees: Branched or pruned naturally according to species and type, with relationship of caliper, height, and branching according to ANSI Z60.1; stem form as follows:

1. Stem Form: Clump. 2. Provide balled and burlapped trees.

2.3 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS

A. Form and Size: Deciduous shrubs with not less than the minimum number of canes required by and measured according to ANSI Z60.1 for type, shape, and height of shrub.

1. Provide balled and burlapped deciduous shrubs except where container-grown deciduous shrubs are indicated.

2.4 CONIFEROUS EVERGREENS

A. Form and Size: Normal-quality, well-balanced, coniferous evergreens, of type, height, spread, and shape required, complying with ANSI Z60.1. 1. Provide balled and burlapped plants.


2. Container-grown coniferous evergreens will be acceptable in lieu of balled and burlapped coniferous evergreens subject to meeting ANSI Z60.1 limitations for container stock.

2.5 BROADLEAF EVERGREENS

A. Form and Size: Normal-quality, well-balanced, broadleaf evergreens, of type, height, spread, and shape required, complying with ANSI Z60.1.

1. Provide balled and burlapped plants. 2. Container-grown broadleaf evergreens will be acceptable in lieu of balled and burlapped

broadleaf evergreens subject to meeting ANSI Z60.1 limitations for container stock.

2.6 GROUND COVER AND PLANTS

A. Ground Cover: Provide ground covers and plants established and well rooted in removable con-tainers or integral peat pots and with not less than the minimum number and length of runners required by ANSI Z60.1 for the pot size indicated.

2.7 TOPSOIL

A. Topsoil: ASTM D 5268, pH range of 5.5 to 7, a minimum of 4 percent organic material content; free of stones or larger in any dimension and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

1. Topsoil Source: Import topsoil or manufactured topsoil from off-site sources. Obtain topsoil displaced from naturally well-drained construction or mining sites where topsoil occurs at least 4 inches

2.8 INORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

deep; do not obtain from bogs or marshes.

A. Lime: ASTM C 602, agricultural limestone containing a minimum 80 percent calcium carbonate equivalent and as follows:

1. Class: Class T, with a minimum 99 percent passing through No. 8 sieve and a minimum 75 percent passing through No. 60

2. Provide lime in form of dolomitic limestone. sieve.

B. Aluminum Sulfate: Commercial grade, unadulterated.

C. Perlite: Horticultural perlite, soil amendment grade.

D. Agricultural Gypsum: Finely ground, containing a minimum of 90 percent calcium sulfate.

E. Sand: Clean, washed, natural or manufactured, free of toxic materials.


2.9 ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

A. Compost: Well-composted, stable, and weed-free organic matter, pH range of 5.5 to 8; moisture content 35 to 55 percent by weight; 100 percent passing through 1/2-inch

1. Organic Matter Content: 50 to 60 percent of dry weight.

sieve; soluble salt content of 5 to 10 decisiemens/m; not exceeding 0.5 percent inert contaminants and free of substances toxic to plantings; and as follows:

B. Peat Humus: Finely divided or granular texture, with a pH range of 6 to 7.5, composed of par-tially decomposed moss peat (other than sphagnum), peat humus, or reed-sedge peat.

C. Manure: Well-rotted, unleached, stable or cattle manure containing not more than 25 percent by volume of straw, sawdust, or other bedding materials; free of toxic substances, stones, sticks, soil, weed seed, and material harmful to plant growth.

2.10 FERTILIZER

A. Bonemeal: Commercial, raw or steamed, finely ground; a minimum of 4 percent nitrogen and 20 percent phosphoric acid.

B. Commercial Fertilizer: Commercial-grade complete fertilizer of neutral character, consisting of fast- and slow-release nitrogen, 50 percent derived from natural organic sources of urea formaldehyde, phosphorous, and potassium in the following composition: 1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in soil


C. Slow-Release Fertilizer: Granular or pelleted fertilizer consisting of 50 percent water-insoluble nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the following composition: 1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in soil


2.11 MULCHES

A. Organic Mulch: Free from deleterious materials and suitable as a top dressing of trees and shrubs, consisting of one of the following:

1. Type: Double-shredded hardwood.

2.12 STAKES AND GUYS

A. Upright and Guy Stakes: Rough-sawn, sound, new hardwood, redwood, or pressure-preservative-treated softwood, free of knots, holes, cross grain, and other defects, 2 by 2 inches (50 by 50 mm)

B. Guy and Tie Wire: ASTM A 641/A 641M, Class 1, galvanized-steel wire, 2-strand, twisted,

by length indicated, pointed at one end.

0.106 inch (2.7 mm) in diameter.


C. Guy Cable: 5-strand, 3/16-inch- (4.8-mm-) diameter, galvanized-steel cable, with zinc-coated turnbuckles, a minimum of 3 inches (75 mm) long, with two 3/8-inch (10-mm)

D. Hose Chafing Guard: Reinforced rubber or plastic hose at least

galvanized eyebolts.

1/2 inch (13 mm)

E. Flags: Standard surveyor's plastic flagging tape, white,

in diameter, black, cut to lengths required to protect tree trunks from damage.

6 inches (150 mm)

2.13 WEED-CONTROL BARRIERS

long.

A. Composite Fabric: Woven, needle-punched polypropylene substrate bonded to a nonwoven polypropylene fabric,

2.14 PLANTING SOIL MIX

4.8 oz./sq. yd.

A. Planting Soil Mix (off-structure): Mix soil amendments and fertilizers with topsoil at rates recommended by Topsoil Testing Agency. Mix topsoil with the following soil amendments in the following quantities:

1. Trees, Shrubs, Groundcovers, and Plants. a. 5/8 Topsoil. b. 1/8 Course Sand. c. 1/8 Peat Humus d. 1/8 Manure.

B. Planting Soil Mix (over-structure): Mix soil amendments and fertilizers with topsoil at rates recommended by Topsoil Testing Agency. Mix topsoil with the following soil amendments in the following quantities:

1. Trees, Shrubs, Groundcovers, and Plants. a. 3/8 Topsoil. b. 1/8 Course Sand. c. 1/4 Pine Bark Fines d. 1/8 Perlite e. 1/8 Peat Humus

2.15 LANDSCAPE EDGING-PERFORATED

A. Steel Edging: Standard commercial-steel edging, perforated, rolled edge, fabricated in sections of standard lengths, with loops stamped from or welded to face of sections to receive stakes.

1. Location: near cor-ten walls, as indicated on drawings.

2. Edging Size: 3/16-1/4 inch wide by 4 inches3. Stakes: Steel,

deep. 15 inches long; when soil profile is shallower, shorten stakes to maintain

3” clear from waterproofing membrane.


4. Finish: Factory standard non-corrosive finish. 5. Color: Galvanized, or painted black; submit color chart to Architect for selection.

B. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following:

1. Steel Edging:

a. Diamond Manufacturing Company

b. Border Concepts, Inc. c. Ryerson Tull, Inc. d. Or approved equal.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas to receive exterior plants for compliance with requirements and conditions affecting installation and performance. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities, and lawns and existing exterior plants from damage caused by planting operations.

B. Provide erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.

C. Lay out individual tree and shrub locations and areas for multiple exterior plantings. Stake locations, outline areas, adjust locations when requested, and obtain Architect's acceptance of layout before planting. Make minor adjustments as required.

3.3 PLANTING BED ESTABLISHMENT

A. Loosen subgrade of planting beds to a minimum depth of 8 inches. Remove stones larger than 1-1/2 inches

1. Apply fertilizer based on soil testing results directly to subgrade before loosening.

in any dimension and sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter and legally dispose of them off Owner's property.

2. Thoroughly blend planting soil mix off-site before spreading.

a. Delay mixing fertilizer with planting soil if planting will not proceed within a few days.

b. Mix lime with dry soil before mixing fertilizer.


3. Spread planting soil mix to a depth of 8 inches

a. Spread approximately one-half the thickness of planting soil mix over loosened subgrade. Mix thoroughly into top

but not less than required to meet finish grades after natural settlement. Do not spread if planting soil or subgrade is frozen, muddy, or excessively wet.

4 inches

B. Finish Grading: Grade planting beds to a smooth, uniform surface plane with loose, uniformly fine texture. Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions to meet finish grades. All finish grades of planting beds shall be set 2 inches below abutting pavements.

of subgrade. Spread remainder of planting soil mix.

C. Install soil erosion control measures in accordance with local regulations and ordinances.

D. Restore planting beds if eroded or otherwise disturbed after finish grading and before planting.

3.4 EXCAVATION FOR TREES AND SHRUBS (OFF STRUCTURE)

A. Tree and Shrub Pits and Trenches: Excavate with vertical sides and with bottom of excavation slightly raised at center to assist drainage (6 inches for trees, 3 inches for shrubs). Loosen hard subsoil in bottom of excavation.

1. Balled and Burlapped Trees and Shrubs: Excavate approximately three times as wide as ball diameter and equal to ball depth as indicated.

B. Dispose of subsoil removed from landscape excavations. Do not mix with planting soil or use as backfill.

C. Obstructions: Notify Architect if unexpected rock or obstructions detrimental to trees or shrubs are encountered in excavations.

1. Hardpan Layer: Drill 6-inch-diameter holes into free-draining strata or to a depth of 10 feet

D. Drainage: Notify Architect if subsoil conditions evidence unexpected water seepage or reten-tion in tree or shrub pits.

, whichever is less, and backfill with free-draining material.

E. Fill excavations with water and allow to percolate out, before placing setting layer and position-ing trees and shrubs.

3.5 BED PREPARATION FOR TREES AND SHRUBS (OVER STRUCTURE)

A. Do not begin bed preparation until waterproofing membrane has been tested, protection board installed, and drainage system installation is complete. Do not begin bed preparation without approval by Architect.

B. Install Porous Gravel Drainage Material to depths indicated over entire bottom of planter.


1. In areas where planting soil depth is too shallow (there shall be at least 6 inches of plant-ing soil below root ball of trees and shrubs, groundcover planting beds shall have a plant-ing soil depth of at least 15 inches), install drainage mat in lieu of porous gravel drainage material.

C. Place Filter Fabric over drainage material to protect drainage materials from contamination by planting soils. Overlap filter fabric 12” at joints. Wrap filter fabric up the planter side walls to within 6 inches of finish grade.

D. Where Drainage Mat is required, place drainage mat over bottom of planter and up the planter side walls to within 6 inches of finish grade. Drainage Mat shall be installed tight to the side-walls and with adequate overlap at seams to ensure complete separation of planting soil from planter floor drains.

E. Setting Mound: Install setting mound material to depth required to meet thickness, grades, and elevations shown, after compaction to 90% dry density.

F. Backfill planters with specified soil mix to meet thickness, grades, and elevations shown, after light rolling and natural settlement.

3.6 TREE AND SHRUB PLANTING

A. Set balled and burlapped stock plumb and in center of pit or trench with top of root ball 2 inches

1. Remove burlap and wire baskets from tops of root balls and partially from sides, but do not remove from under root balls. Remove pallets, if any, before setting. Do not use planting stock if root ball is cracked or broken before or during planting operation.

adjacent finish grades.

2. Place planting soil mix around root ball in layers, tamping to settle mix and eliminate voids and air pockets. When pit is approximately one-half backfilled, water thoroughly before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of planting soil mix.

B. Set container-grown stock plumb and in center of pit or trench with top of root ball 2 inches

1. Carefully remove root ball from container without damaging root ball or plant.

adjacent finish grades.

2. Place planting soil mix around root ball in layers, tamping to settle mix and eliminate voids and air pockets. When pit is approximately one-half backfilled, water thoroughly before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of planting soil mix.

3. Before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of planting soil mix.

C. Organic Mulching: Apply 3-inch average thickness of organic mulch extending 12 inches beyond edge of planting pit or trench. Do not place mulch within 3 inches of trunks or stems.


3.7 TREE AND SHRUB PRUNING

A. Prune, thin, and shape trees and shrubs according to standard horticultural practice. Prune trees to retain required height and spread. Unless otherwise indicated by Architect, do not cut tree leaders; remove only injured or dead branches from flowering trees. Prune shrubs to retain natural character. Shrub sizes indicated are sizes after pruning.

3.8 GUYING AND STAKING

A. Upright Staking and Tying: Stake trees of 2- through 5-inch (50- through 125-mm) caliper. Stake trees of less than 2-inch (50-mm) caliper only as required to prevent wind tip-out. Use a minimum of 2 stakes of length required to penetrate at least 18 inches (450 mm) below bottom of backfilled excavation and to extend at least 72 inches (1830 mm)

1. Use 2 stakes for trees up to

above grade. Set vertical stakes and space to avoid penetrating root balls or root masses. Support trees with two strands of tie wire encased in hose sections at contact points with tree trunk. Allow enough slack to avoid rigid restraint of tree. Use the number of stakes as follows:

12 feet (3.6 m) high and 2-1/2 inches (63 mm) or less in caliper; 3 stakes for trees less than 14 feet (4.2 m) high and up to 4 inches (100 mm)

3.9 GROUND COVER AND PLANT PLANTING

in caliper. Space stakes equally around trees.

A. Set out and space ground cover and plants as indicated.

B. Dig holes large enough to allow spreading of roots, and backfill with planting soil.

C. Work soil around roots to eliminate air pockets and leave a slight saucer indentation around plants to hold water.

D. Water thoroughly after planting, taking care not to cover plant crowns with wet soil.

E. Protect plants from hot sun and wind; remove protection if plants show evidence of recovery from transplanting shock.

3.10 GRAVEL

A. Place gravel as indicated.

1. Gravel Type 1: Apply 4-inch

a. At locations where depth to structure exceeds 4 inches, porous gravel fill may be used to fill space below the 4” layer of Mexican Beach Pebbles. Filter fabric shall be placed between the Mexican Beach Pebbles and the Porous Gravel Fill material.

average thickness, and finish level with adjacent finish grades.


3.11 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION

A. During exterior planting, keep adjacent pavings and construction clean and work area in an orderly condition.

B. Protect exterior plants from damage due to landscape operations, operations by other contractors and trades, and others. Maintain protection during installation and maintenance periods. Treat, repair, or replace damaged exterior planting.

3.12 DISPOSAL

A. Disposal: Remove surplus soil and waste material, including excess subsoil, unsuitable soil, trash, and debris, and legally dispose of them off Owner's property.
