section 12

Places of Employment, SASC-S-12

SASC-S-12

PLACES OF EMPLOYMENT This Section prescribes the public health requirements and specifications necessary to the maintenance of a sanitary, safe workplace (the control of toxic materials in the workplace is regulated by Industrial Hygiene). NOTE: All sub-sections should be read in conjunction with the appropriate referenced documents listed at the end of this Section. DEFINITIONS: Available Chlorine: A measure of the total oxidizing power of chlorinated hypochlorites. Backsiphonage: The flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure in that pipe. Blackwater (Sanitary Sewage): Wastewater from toilets, urinals, etc. as distinguished from graywater from laundries, car washes, etc.. Chlorinated: Water to which chlorine or hypochlorites have been added to disinfect, control taste and odor and prevent the growth of algae or other organisms. Chlorine Residual: The amount of chlorine in all forms (total) of HOCl (free) remaining in treated water to insure disinfection for a certain period of time. Decontamination: The removal of pathogenic microorganisms from objects so that they are safe to handle. Free Chlorine Residual: The application of chlorine or chlorine compounds to water or wastewater to produce a free available chlorine residual through the destruction of ammonia compounds. Gray Water: Wastewater from laundries, car washes, etc.as distinguished from sewage from toilets, showers, urinals, etc.. Hypochlorite: In its sodium form, the active bleaching ingredient in liquid chlorine bleach. Potable Drinking Water: Water at the consumer tap that is wholesome and which meets the chemical, physical and microbiological standard as outlined in SASC-S-01. PPM (Parts Per Million): A unit of concentration replaced by mg/L in solution. Residual Chlorine: The free chlorine which remains in solution after the demand has been satisfied. RO Product water from reverse osmosis (RO) desalinization. TDS (total dissolved solids): Total solids dissolved in water. Unsanitary: One or more factors in a man’s physical environment that affect ones health or survival that are not being properly controlled. Utility Water: In Saudi Aramco terminology, utility water systems are used in process facilities as opposed to raw water systems used in domestic facilities. Water normally contains less than 5,000 mg/L TDS. Vacuum Breaker: A device for relieving a vacuum formed in pipeline, thereby preventing backsiphonage.

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1 INSPECTIONS

1.1 Proponent organizations shall inspect workplaces they control as often as is necessary to ensure compliance with this Code Section. All inspections shall be recorded and such records shall be made available to Saudi Aramco Environmental Protection Department (EPD) upon request.

1.2 Saudi Aramco EPD will routinely inspect places where persons are directly or indirectly engaged

in work for Saudi Aramco. Inspections will be conducted according to requirements outlined in Saudi Aramco General Instructions 2.718 and 0151.006, as well as the Saudi Arab Government Labor Law. A written report will be provided to the proponent organization.

2 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

2.1 The site, if practicable, shall not be located in an area subject to periodic flooding or adjacent to marshes, railroads, stockyards, industrial sites, pipelines or other such areas which would constitute a health or safety hazard.

2.2 The walking and driving surfaces of all areas outside the physical facility shall be surfaced with

concrete, asphalt or similar material effectively treated to facilitate maintenance and to minimize dust. These surfaces shall be well drained and kept clean.

2.3 All areas shall be kept free of nuisances and safety hazards (see Section SASC-S-18 of this

Code). Whenever a nuisance or violation of this Code is observed by any agency, employee or individual other than the Saudi Aramco proponent, it shall be reported to Saudi Aramco EPD. Saudi Aramco EPD will ensure that the Saudi Aramco proponent is aware of the problem and shall provide assistance as required.

2.4 Housekeeping:

2.4.1 All places of employment, both inside and outside, including all furnishings, equipment and

fixtures shall be in good repair, in a clean and sanitary condition and free of insects, rodents and other vermin.

2.4.2 The floor of every workroom shall be maintained in a clean and, so far as possible, a dry

condition. Where wet processes are used, drainage shall be maintained and dry standing places shall be provided where practicable.

2.4.3 All dressing rooms, toilet rooms, shower rooms, handwashing facilities, utility rooms and

facilities shall be kept clean and in good repair at all times. They shall be free from flies and objectionable odors. All fixtures and floors, as well as walls subject to splash, shall be cleaned with an approved detergent, rinsed and then sanitized with a 0.3 to 0.6 percent hypochlorite solution (3,000 to 6,000 milligrams per liter), or other equivalent disinfectant approved by Saudi Aramco EPD, at least once daily. Materials, maintenance and cleaning equipment shall be properly stored.

2.4.4 Cleaning and sweeping shall be conducted in such a manner as to minimize the

contamination of the air with dust and shall be done outside of working hours, if practicable.

2.5 Expectorating upon the walls, floors, stairs or any other area within the workplace is prohibited.

2.6 Food shall not be cooked in any room unless such room was specifically designed for this

purpose and the use of such room for cooking is approved by Saudi Aramco EPD.

2.7 Noise levels shall conform to standards in SAES-A-105, Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards.

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2.8 All entrances, exits, corridors and stairways shall be properly illuminated. Fire exits shall be provided with lighted exit signs equipped with emergency power sources. Entrances, exits, corridors, stairways, fire exits and fire escapes shall be kept free of obstructions.

2.9 Live animals, including those intended for slaughter, shall be excluded from the premises. Animals

shall not be slaughtered in a place other than a Saudi Arab Government approved slaughterhouse.

2.10 Every effort shall be made to prevent problems rather than solve them after they have developed. For example, insects, rodents and vermin shall be controlled by elimination of breeding and harborage sources, proper sanitary practices, vermin proofing of structures, proper storage of materials and by other approved control methods. Desperate campaigns to rid buildings, structures and premises of established infestations are undesirable and must be avoided.

3 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Floors:

3.1.1 Floors shall be constructed of durable, smooth and easily cleanable materials. Carpeting, if used, shall be designed for heavy use, shall be of closely woven construction, shall be properly installed and shall be maintained in good repair and in a clean condition at all times.

3.1.2 The floors of kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and

handwashing facilities shall have smooth, hard, easily cleanable surfaces which are impervious to water, detergents and disinfectants (carpeting is prohibited in these areas). These floors shall be sloped to properly trapped floor drains and the junctions between the floors and the walls shall be coved and sealed.

3.1.3 Utility service lines and pipes shall not be unnecessarily exposed on floors. If exposed,

they shall be installed in a way that does not obstruct cleaning.

3.1.4 Floor mats and duckboards are prohibited in wet areas, e.g. kitchens, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities.

3.2 Walls and ceilings:

3.2.1 Walls and ceilings shall be constructed of durable materials and shall have light colored,

smooth, easily cleanable surfaces. In addition, the walls in toilet and shower rooms shall be impervious to water, detergents and disinfectants to a minimum height of 1.2 meters (4 feet) in toilet rooms and 1.8 meters (6 feet) in shower rooms. The junctions between the floors and walls in kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities shall be coved and sealed (see sub-section 3.1.2 of this Code Section).

3.2.2 The use of rough or unsealed and unfinished building materials, such as brick, concrete

blocks and wooden beams is prohibited in kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities.

3.2.3 Studs, joists and rafters shall not be exposed in kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms,

toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities.

3.2.4 Covering materials, such as Formica, sheet metal, linoleum and vinyl, shall be attached and sealed to wall and ceiling surfaces in a way that leaves no open spaces or cracks.

3.2.5 Utility service lines and pipes shall not be unnecessarily exposed on walls and ceilings. If

exposed, they shall be installed in a way that does not obstruct or prevent cleaning.

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3.2.6 Wall or ceiling mounted light fixtures, vent covers, decorative materials, fans, equipment and appurtenances shall be designed to facilitate cleaning, shall be made of easily cleanable materials, shall be installed in a way that does not obstruct or prevent cleaning and shall be maintained in good repair.

3.2.7 Acoustical paneling may be utilized providing it is installed not less than 1.8 meters above

the floor. Any perforations shall not penetrate the entire depth of the panel, shall not be greater than 3 millimeters in any dimension, and shall not comprise more than 25 percent of the exposed panel surface. The paneling shall otherwise meet the requirements of this Section.

3.2.8 The ceilings in all habitable rooms shall be at least 2.3 meters (7.5 feet) high as measured

to the lowest projection from the ceiling.

3.2.9 The ceilings in hallways, corridors, shower rooms, toilet rooms and utility rooms shall be at least 2.1 meters (7 feet) high as measured to the lowest projection from the ceiling.

3.2.10 the walls or partitions between toilet/shower compartments may be less than the height of

the room walls, but the tops shall not be less than 1.8 meters (6 feet) from the floor. If partitions are used, the bottoms of the partitions shall be raised at least 20 centimeters (8 inches) above the floor. In situations where a raised partition is not desirable, such as partitions separating eastern style toilet fixtures where a raised partition may not afford suitable privacy, partitions shall be placed on a continuous raised masonry or concrete base at least 15 centimeters (6 inches) high, or a properly designed and constructed wall that joins the floor shall be provided.

3.3 Doors, Windows and Screening:

3.3.1 All exterior entrances to corridors, habitable rooms, kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms,

toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities shall be provided with solid doors or glazed windows which shall be kept tightly closed when not in use (excludes passageways between rooms within an enclosed building). If outside openings are appropriately protected from the entry by insects and rodents according to the requirements outlined in sub-sections 3.3.2 and 3.3.4 of this Code Section, solid doors and glazed windows may be considered to be "in use" if they are left open to ventilate the structure.

3.3.2 All exterior entrances to kitchens, lunch rooms, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms

and handwashing facilities shall be fitted with self-closing screen doors which open outwards (a screen door is not required if the solid door is self-closing and opens outward, the area is fully air conditioned alleviating the need for propping the solid door open and the operational nature of the facility is such that employees are required to keep doors closed, e.g. facilities within industrial plants. The bottoms of screen doors shall be covered with metal sheeting in accordance with sub-section 3.3.3 of this Code Section. Other effective fly control devices, e.g. air curtains, may be used in lieu of screen doors.

3.3.3 All outer doors and screen doors shall be tight-fitting and self-closing. All doors and screen

doors, including sliding or folding types, shall be constructed so that the space between the lower edge of the door and the threshold does not exceed 6.4 millimeters (0.25 inches). The space between sections of folding and sliding doors, when closed, shall not exceed 6.4 millimeters (0.25 inches). All exposed edges of the lower 20.3 centimeters (8 inches) of doors and jambs that are made of materials through which rodents could gnaw, especially outer doors and doors known to be accessible to rodents, shall be protected by covering such edges of doors and jambs with metal sheeting that cannot be gnawed through.

3.3.4 All openable windows which are not solidly closed and are accessible to insects and

rodents shall be appropriately screened by grills, hardware cloth or other material capable

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of precluding the entry by insects and rodents. The effective mesh size of screening material shall not be less than 6 mesh per centimeter (16 mesh per inch).

3.3.5 Doors, windows and appurtenances thereto, shall be designed and constructed to avoid

accumulation of dirt and shall be finished such that they are smooth, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Doors, windows, as well as appurtenances thereto, shall be kept clean and maintained in good repair.

4 VENTILATION

4.1 Ventilation shall be provided to remove gases, odors, steam, excessive heat, grease, vapors, smoke and other contaminants from the workplace. Ventilation systems shall be installed and operated according to standards equivalent to those outlined in Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (e.g. SAES-K-30).

4.2 Intake air ducts shall be designed and maintained to prevent the entrance of dust, dirt, and other

contaminating materials. All ventilation openings shall be appropriately screened by grilles, hardware cloth or other material capable of precluding entrance of insects and rodents. Note that automatic fan ventilation openings are acceptable for rodent stoppage if the fan covering is maintained in good repair.

4.3 The temperature in all habitable and other rooms in which personnel work shall be maintained at

a level conducive to the healthful performance of the activity conducted in the area.

4.4 All habitable rooms and corridors shall be sufficiently ventilated by means of natural or mechanical ventilation. The requirement is deemed satisfied in corridors, offices and similar areas when it can be demonstrated that the ventilation system exchanges at least two volumes of air per hour (if mechanical ventilation is used, at least one fifth of the air supply shall be taken from the outside). The rate at which the air volume is exchanged in shops, high activity work areas and areas subject to gases, odors, steam, excessive heat, grease, vapors, smoke and other contaminates will be a function of the activity and degree of health risk.

4.5 All kitchens, shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities shall be

provided with mechanical ventilation systems capable of providing the equivalent of five air changes per hour. At least 20 percent of the air supply shall be taken from the outside. If this is not feasible, mechanical exhaust fans may be used in lieu of the required mechanical ventilation system. Exhaust fans shall be capable of exhausting 1 cubic meter (35 cubic feet) of air per minute for each hand washbasin/sink, shower, toilet and urinal installed.

4.6 All kitchens shall be provided with a mechanical ventilation system fitted inside a hood placed

over the stove, the design and specifications of which shall be compatible with the stove used. Screening over exhaust openings shall be easily removable for cleaning.

5 ILLUMINATION

The following levels of light, whether from natural or artificial sources, shall be provided in workplaces. Light shall be evenly distributed and of sufficient intensity to avoid discoloration, shadows and strong glare. Also refer to Illumination requirements outlined in SAES-P-123, Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards.

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TABLE 1 Illumination

Illumination Levels Required* Area to be Illuminated Lux Footcandles Dining room 320 30 Desk in dormitory living room 320 30 Dormitory living room - general 160 15 Eye level above hand washbasin 540 50 Food service area 540 50 Hallway 110 10 Kitchen 540 50 Shower/toilet block 215 20 Sleeping room 160 15 Stairway 110 10 All other indoor areas 110 10

* Measured at a distance of 76 centimeters (30 inches) above the floor

6 POTABLE WATER SYSTEM

6.1 Water shall be obtained, conveyed, treated, stored and distributed in a closed system. Design, construction, maintenance and operational standards, as well as quality criteria, shall comply with requirements outlined in Section SASC-S-01 of this Code and standards referenced in Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards.

6.2 Enough potable water for the needs of the employees shall be obtained from the community

water supply. If a community water supply is not available, then water shall be obtained from an adequate, easily accessible source which has been properly located and protected to ensure that water obtained is of a safe and sanitary quality. The source shall be constructed in a way that prevents underground or surface contamination from reaching the source. Facilities shall be operated and maintained by competent individuals. No part of the system shall be used for any other purpose.

6.3 Water wells (or other water source) and collection, conveyance, treatment, storage and distribution

systems, or parts thereof, which are newly constructed, have been repaired or have otherwise become contaminated, shall be thoroughly disinfected according to requirements outlined in Section SASC-S-01 of this Code before being used. The supply shall be purged of all but normal residual amounts of disinfectant (less than 3 milligrams per liter [3 parts per million] if chlorine is used to disinfect the system) before a sample for bacteriological testing is collected.

6.4 All water not provided directly by pipe to the work place from the source shall be transported in

a bulk water transport system which is used for no other purpose. At the time water is obtained from the approved source, enough chlorine shall be added to the water in the bulk water transport system to create a 0.5 to 1.5 milligrams per liter (0.5 to 1.5 parts per million) free chlorine residual. Hauled water shall be delivered directly to the closed water system at the work place. The bulk water transport system shall comply with requirements outlined in Section SASC-S-01 of this Code.

6.5 Water storage tanks shall be enclosed from the filling inlet to the discharge outlet. Tanks shall be

designed with openings which permit visual inspection of the tank and provide access for cleaning and disinfection. All openings shall be covered. Covers shall overlap openings, be sloped so they are self-draining and shall be provided with gaskets and devices for securing them in place. All openings in the top of the tank shall be flanged upward to form a curb that prevents surface water from entering openings. Vents and overflows shall terminate in a downward direction and shall be screened to prevent entry by birds and other animals. All water storage tanks shall be provided with a sample tap.

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6.6 Plumbing with emphasis on cross connection control:

6.6.1 Plumbing shall be designed, sized and installed according to standards outlined in Saudi

Aramco Engineering Standards. Plumbing and plumbing fixtures shall be operated and maintained in a way which prevents contamination. Plumbing and plumbing fixtures shall be kept clean and in good repair.

6.6.2 The potable water system shall be designed and constructed to prevent the possibility of

backflow. Devices to protect against backflow and backsiphonage shall be installed on all water outlets and equipment where an air gap of at least twice the inner diameter of the water outlet is not provided between the water outlet and the flood-level rim of the receiving drain or receiving basin of the drain fixture, and wherever else backflow or backsiphonage may occur. A hose shall not be attached to a faucet unless a backflow prevention device is installed.

6.6.3 There shall be no cross connection between the potable water supply and any unsafe or

questionable water supply, sewerage system or any source of pollution which might contaminate or otherwise degrade the potable water supply.

6.6.4 There shall be no direct physical connection between the sewerage system and any drain

originating from equipment which contains food or food equipment and utensils.

6.6.5 A non-potable water system is permitted only for purposes such as air conditioning and fire protection. It shall not be directly or indirectly connected with the potable water system. Water from the system shall not be used for any domestic purpose. The piping of the non-potable water system shall be durably identified so that it is readily distinguishable from piping that carries potable water.

6.7 All potable water supplied to places of employment shall be disinfected by chlorination or

other means or methods of equal efficiency in the killing or removal of organisms capable of causing infection. When chlorination is employed, a sufficient amount of chlorine shall be added to the water to maintain a chlorine residual of at least 0.5 milligrams per liter (0.5 parts per million) at all points in the distribution system from which water may be withdrawn.

6.8 Hot and cold potable water shall be provided at all hand washbasins, showers and kitchen sinks.

The hot water heating system shall be capable of producing a constant flow of hot water at a temperature of at least 49°C (120°F). Specific requirements pertinent to the hot and/or tempered water discharged from each class of fixture are outlined in appropriate Standards.

6.9 If hoses are used for conveying potable water, they shall be constructed of safe materials, shall

have a smooth interior surface, shall be used for no other purpose and shall be clearly identified as to its use. Caps and keeper chains shall be provided for water system inlet and outlet fittings, as well as hose fittings. All such fittings shall be capped when not in immediate use. Hoses shall be stored and used so as to be kept free of contamination. A hose shall not be attached to a faucet unless a backflow prevention device is installed.

6.10 Drinking water fountains and associated requirements

6.10.1 Drinking fountains, if provided, shall be approved angle-jet type and shall be provided with

an adequate supply of water under pressure.

6.10.2 Spillage, overflow, drainage or wastewater from drinking fountains and faucets shall be discharged to the sewerage system through approved drains to prevent impoundment of water, creation of mud holes or other nuisance conditions.

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6.10.3 Open containers from which water must be dipped or poured, such as barrels, pails or

tanks, whether or not they are fitted with a cover, are prohibited. 6.10.4 Where single service paper cups are provided, cups shall be dispensed from a sanitary

device designed for this purpose and a waste receptacle shall be provided for disposal of used cups. The common drinking cup is prohibited.

6.11 Compressed air used to pressurize the potable water system shall be filtered or otherwise treated

to render it free of dust, insects and extraneous material. Air intakes shall be properly located and maintained. Filters shall be located upstream from the compressor and shall be easily removable for cleaning and replacement. The blower or compressor supplying air shall be designed so that it will deliver oil- free air. Oil-free air shall be produced by a method equivalent to one of the following: a) use of carbon ring piston compressor; b) use of an oil-lubricated compressor with effective provision for removal of oil vapor; or c) high-pressure, water-lubricated or non-lubricated blowers.

6.12 If a water treatment plant is provided:

6.12.1 It is suggested that the following piping system be adopted. Non-toxic paints shall be used

(the use of paints containing lead shall be avoided.

TABLE 2 Piping System Color-Code

Piping System Base Color Identifying Color Stripe Chilled Water Blue 1-Gray Chlorine, Gas and Liquid Yellow 1-Oxide Red Condensate Water Blue 1-White Distilled and Demineralized Water Blue 1-Aluminum Raw Water Blue 1-Black Sea, Salt or Brine Water Blue 1-Yellow Treated (any process) Blue 1-Oxide Red

Note: HVAC lines and electrical conduits are not color-coded but are Painted the same color as the background construction.

6.12.2 Equipment, devices, filters, and all other water treatment or conditioning apparatus shall be made of safe materials, shall be designed to be disassembled for periodic replacement of active elements/media, cleaning and service, shall be operated, inspected and serviced according to the manufacturer's instructions and specifications, and shall not be operated beyond their rated capacity. All such equipment shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition and, if necessary, shall be sanitized by application of a chlorine solution or by other approved means.

6.12.3 Records of equipment operation and maintenance, quantities of product water produced, types and amounts of chemicals added to treated water, pH and chlorine residual maintained shall be kept in a log book. The log book shall be available for review by authorized Saudi Aramco representatives at all times.

6.12.4 The biological and chemical quality of the water after treatment shall be as good as, or

better than, it was before treatment. 7 SEWAGE

7.1 Sewage shall be collected, treated and disposed of in accordance with requirements outlined in Section SASC-S-02 this Code and those outlined in Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards. Where a

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public sewer system is available, all plumbing fixtures, building sewers and vents shall be connected to it. In no case shall sewage or liquid waste of any type be discharged or otherwise disposed of on the surface of the ground, or into any well, cave, open ditch or reservoir until it has been properly treated and the disposal method has been approved by Saudi Aramco EPD. Pit latrines, outhouses and other non-water-carried sewage disposal methods are prohibited except as permitted in sub-section 8.10 of this Code Section.

7.2 Floor drains and sewer pipes shall be large enough to carry off all wastewater and sanitary

sewage. Sufficient clean-out places shall be provided in sewer drain pipes.

7.3 Grease traps, if used, shall be located so they are easily accessible for cleaning.

7.4 All sewer pipes or drains through which rodents may pass shall be closed with a properly secured, perforated metal or iron cover. Perforations shall not admit a cylinder 13 millimeters in diameter.

7.5 Defective sewer pipes, traps, drains and vents shall be repaired or replaced promptly and

professionally. Crude repairs with wood, tape or metal strips are unsatisfactory. 8 TOILET ROOMS, SHOWER ROOMS, HANDWASHING FACILITIES AND UTILITY ROOMS -- GENERAL

8.1 Every place of employment shall be provided with properly designed and constructed toilet, shower and hand washbasin facilities which are separate for each sex.

8.2 Toilet and handwashing facilities shall be readily accessible and open to personnel at all times.

Facilities are not considered to be readily accessible if an employee is required to climb more than one floor-to- floor flight of stairs or if they are located more than 61 meters (200 feet) from the location where the employee normally works.

8.3 Toilets, showers and hand washbasins shall be separately installed to be individually accessible

and to permit simultaneous use.

8.4 Shower rooms, toilet rooms, utility rooms and handwashing facilities shall be separated from food preparation and sleeping rooms by a minimum of a double set of doors incorporating an intervening vestibule which is exhausted to the outside through its own mechanical exhaust system that is independent of the food preparation and sleeping rooms. Complete separation of these areas is preferred.

8.5 Hand washbasins and other sinks, faucets and hydrants not specifically designed and approved for

such use, shall not be used for cleaning or preparing food or for washing dishes, utensils or clothing.

8.6 All facilities shall be well ventilated (see sub-section 4 of this Code Section).

8.7 Legible signs made of durable materials directing all users to wash their hands after using the toilet/urinal shall be conspicuously posted in every toilet room (in Arabic, English and other appropriate languages).

8.8 The following number of showers, toilets/urinals and hand washbasins shall be provided:

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TABLE 3 Numbers and Types of Fixtures Required

Number of Showers* Number of

Toilets** Number of Washbasins***

employees male female employees

male female employees

male female

1 to 15 1 1 1 - 15 1 1 1 - 10 1 1 16 to 30 2 2 16 - 35 2 2 11 - 20 2 2 31 - 45 3 3 36 - 55 3 3 21 - 30 3 3 46 - 60 4 4 56 - 75 4 4 31 - 40 4 4 61 - 75 5 5 76 - 100 5 5 41 - 50 5 5 76 - 90 6 6 51 - 60 6 6 91 - 105 7 7 61 - 70 7 7

71 - 80 8 8 81 - 90 9 9 91 - 100 10 10

>105 one per 15 additional persons

>100 one per 30 additional persons

>100 on per 10 additional persons

* One shower shall be provided for every 15 workers, or portion thereof, exposed to excessive heat

or to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious or irritating materials. ** Where 10 or more men are employed, urinals should be provided. Urinals may be substituted for

toilets on a one to one basis, except that the number of toilets shall not be reduced to less than two-thirds of the number specified in Table 3. This clause does not apply to facilities provided for females.

*** At least one hand washbasin shall be provided for every 10 employees or portion thereof, up to 100 persons, and one hand washbasin for each additional 15 persons or portion thereof. Where employees are exposed to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious or irritating materials, the number of hand washbasins provided shall be increased to one for every 5 employees.

8.9 The minimum size of, and floor space allotted for, toilets, hand washbasins, urinals and showers

shall be as follows:

TABLE 4 Minimum Space Required for Each Type of Installation

Installation Minimum Width

Minimum Depth

Minimum Space Per Unit

Hand washbasin 60 cm 105 cm 1.1 m2 Shower cubical 75 cm 75 cm 1.3 m2 Shower stall 75 cm 75 cm 1.3 m2 Toilet compartment 80 cm 105 cm 1.5 m2 Urinal 60 cm 105 cm 1.1 m2

8.10 When chemical closets are required to support a transitory place of employment, they shall be of a

type approved by the Saudi Aramco EPD and shall be maintained in a sanitary condition. 9 TOILET ROOMS

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9.1 Toilet rooms shall be completely enclosed. Each toilet fixture shall be individually enclosed within its own compartment within the toilet room (does not apply to urinals). This is required to ensure that an individual's need for privacy does not interfere with his commitment to personal hygiene.


9.2 The entrance to a toilet room shall be provided with a door(s) according to requirements outlined

in sub-section 3.3 of this Code Section.

9.3 Urinals shall be provided according to requirements outlined in Table 3 of this Code Section. Note that 60 centimeters (24 inches) of trough urinal space is considered to be equivalent to one urinal.

9.4 Toilet bowls shall be set entirely free and open from all enclosing structures and shall be so installed that the space around the fixture can be easily cleaned. This does not prohibit the use of wall-hung toilets.

9.5 Every western-type toilet shall have a hinged, open-front seat made of substantial material having

a smooth, nonabsorbent, easily cleanable finish. A holder supplied with toilet tissue shall be provided in each toilet compartment.

9.6 Every eastern-type toilet shall be made of substantial material having a smooth, nonabsorbent,

easily cleanable finish. Each toilet shall be provided with a water tap for washing (and a supply of toilet paper with holder, where indicated). Water taps provided for eastern-type toilets shall be fitted with appropriate backflow prevention devices designed to protect the water distribution system from contamination (see sub-section 6.6.2 of this Code Section).

9.7 Covered waste receptacles shall be provided in all toilet compartments used by women.

10 HANDWASHING

10.1 Adequate handwashing facilities shall be conveniently located adjacent to toilet facilities. When trough sinks and circular wash basins are provided with individual faucets, 60 centimeters (24 inches) of lineal trough sink or 45 centimeters (18 inches) of a circular basin shall be considered as equal to one hand washbasin. Also note that utility sinks are not acceptable substitutes for hand washbasins.

10.2 Tempered running water shall be provided to each hand washbasin. Water shall be tempered by

means of a mixing valve or combination faucet. Water shall be delivered at a minimum pressure of at least 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter (20 pounds per square inch) with a minimum flow of at least 3.8 liters per minute (1 gallon per minute). The temperature of the water discharged from the tap shall be at least 32°C (90°F). Any slow-closing faucet used shall provide a flow of water for at least 15 seconds without the need to reactivate the faucet.

10.3 Handwashing cleanser and single-use paper towels shall be provided in dispensers at or next

to hand washbasins at all times (common towels are prohibited). Mechanical hot air blowers for drying the hands may be substituted for paper towels.

10.4 A refuse container lined with a disposable plastic bag shall be provided next to hand washbasins.

The refuse container need not be covered. 11 SHOWER ROOMS

11.1 Showers shall be provided if employees are exposed to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious or irritating materials.

11.2 Shower rooms shall be completely enclosed. Each shower fixture shall be individually enclosed in a

separate compartment within the shower room. The compartment should be composed of a cubical with a bench and a clothes hook and a separated shower stall. The visual privacy of the bather should be maintained. Privacy curtains, if used, shall be of an easily cleanable material and kept clean.

11.3 Showers shall be designed and constructed to be self-draining and to preclude the flow of water

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11.4 Shower floors shall be skid-resistant. Floor racks (duckboards) are prohibited.

11.5 If individual shower compartments are not provided, the shower room shall include a dressing

area. The dressing area shall be equipped with benches and clothes hooks. 11.6 Showers shall be supplied with water through thermostatic, tempering or mixing valves at a

temperature of at least 32°C (90°F), but not more than 49°C (120°F), at a rate of at least 11.4 liters (3 gallons) per minute. Any slow-closing faucet used shall provide a flow of water for at least 30 seconds without the need to reactivate the faucet.

12 CHANGING AREAS AND LOCKERS

12.1 Changing areas shall be provided wherever the work performed involves exposure to excessive dirt, heat, fumes, vapor or moisture, or when employees are exposed to poisonous, infectious or irritating materials.

12.2 Where employees' work clothes are exposed to contamination with poisonous, infectious or

irritating materials, facilities shall be provided in changing rooms so that street and work clothes will not be stored in contact with each other.

12.3 Where the process in which the worker is engaged is such that his work clothing becomes wet or

has to be washed between shifts, provision shall be made to ensure that such clothing is dry before reuse.

12.4 Lockers, if provided for the storage of employee's street clothing and personal belongings, shall be

constructed of easily cleanable, corrosion resistant materials and shall not have sharp edges. Lockers shall be vented. Lockers shall be set either on solid masonry bases 13 centimeters (5 inches) high or on legs so that locker bottoms are at least 25 centimeters (10 inches above the floor).

12.5 Hooks or a rail fitted with captive hangers shall be provided for hanging wet reusable protective

clothing between uses. The hooks/hangers shall be sufficiently spaced to allow free air circulation around all items when all hooks/hangers are used.

12.6 Shoe/boot racks shall be provided for proper air drying of wet shoes and boots between uses. The

racks shall be sufficiently spaced to allow free air circulation around all items when all hooks/racks are used.

13 RETIRING ROOMS FOR WOMEN

13.1 Where 10 or more women are employed at any one time, at least one retiring room shall be provided, with the understanding that it is to be used only for rest and emergencies and not for smoking or recreational purposes. Where less than 10 women are employed and a formal retiring room is not furnished, some equivalent space shall be provided which can be properly screened for privacy and made suitable for use by female employees.

13.2 Retiring rooms shall be conveniently located, exclusively used by women, and open to them

during all working hours.

13.3 Retiring rooms shall be furnished with one bed or couch for the first 10 to 50 female employees. One additional bed or couch shall be provided for every 100 female employees, or portion thereof, in excess of the original 50 female employees.

14 GARBAGE AND REFUSE FACILITIES

14.1 Garbage and refuse storage facilities:

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14.1.1 Prior to removal from the premises, garbage and other refuse shall be stored in a way that makes it inaccessible to insects, rodents and other vermin. Outside storage of garbage or refuse in open piles or in any container other than an approved garbage or refuse container is prohibited, e.g. storage in paper bags or cardboard boxes. Inside storage of waste in open piles on the floor of the garbage/refuse storage room is prohibited. Heavy duty plastic bags may be stacked on the floor of a properly designed and constructed refuse storage room if the waste contained therein is satisfactorily sealed in the bag, i.e. the bag does not represent an "open pile".

14.1.2 The garbage/refuse storage room, if provided, shall be large enough to store all

garbage/refuse containers which accumulate between disposal periods. Walls, ceilings and all attachments thereto, shall be made of substantial material having a smooth, nonabsorbent, easily cleanable finish. The floor shall be constructed of a smooth, easily cleanable, nonabsorbent material, such as sealed concrete, and shall be properly sloped to a trapped, covered drain that is connected to the sewerage system. The structure shall be insect- and rodent-proof, including the provision of a solid door designed to preclude the entry by rodents. Additionally, a screen door that opens outward, an air curtain device or other effective means of excluding flies shall be provided. The storage room shall be kept clean and maintained in good repair.

14.1.3 Facilities shall be provided for cleaning garbage/refuse containers, lugger boxes and

compactor systems after they are emptied (this facility need not be provided on the premises if the waste hauler provides this service at another location). As a minimum, the facility shall be provided with hot running water delivered at a minimum pressure of at least 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter (20 pounds per square inch) with a minimum flow of at least 3.8 liters per minute (1 gallon per minute). The floor shall be constructed of a smooth, easily cleanable, nonabsorbent material, such as sealed concrete, and shall be properly sloped to a trapped, covered drain that is connected to the sewerage system.

14.1.4 The floor of an outside garbage/refuse storage area shall be constructed of a smooth,

easily cleanable, nonabsorbent material, such as sealed concrete or machine laid asphalt; and shall be large enough to accommodate the garbage/refuse containers that accumulate between disposal periods.

14.2 Garbage and refuse containers:

14.2.1 Approved garbage and refuse containers shall include standard 115 liters (30 gallons)

steel garbage cans, modified 210 liters (55 gallons) steel drums, purpose-built lugger boxes and compactor systems. All such containers shall be made of durable, nonabsorbent, easily cleanable materials which are impervious to attack by insects, rodents and other vermin. They shall be designed and constructed so that they do not leak. Drain plugs, where required, shall be in place at all times except during cleaning.

14.2.2 Refuse equipment and containers shall be provided with tight- fitting lids, doors or covers.

14.2.2.1 The lids, doors or covers of outside refuse equipment and containers shall be

kept in the closed position when not in immediate use.

14.2.2.2 Refuse containers that are being actively used in the facility need not be covered. Refuse containers shall be covered when not being actively used. Filled refuse containers shall be covered and removed from the facility to the refuse storage facility.

14.2.3 The cover and the outside surface of the 210 liters (55 gallons), 115 liters (30 gallons) and

smaller containers shall be labeled with the word "GARBAGE" or "REFUSE." Once used as a garbage or refuse container, the lid and container shall not be used for any other purpose, especially food preparation or storage.

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14.2.4 The 210 liters (55 gallons), 115 liters (30 gallons) and smaller containers shall be lined with

heavy duty plastic bags to minimize cleaning requirements and facilitate removal of refuse.

14.2.5 Refuse containers shall be provided where refuse is generated. There shall be a sufficient number of approved containers to hold all the garbage and refuse produced and to accommodate the total amount accumulated in the refuse holding facility between disposal periods.

14.2.6 Periodically, each container shall be thoroughly washed with hot water and detergent on

the inside and outside in a way that does not contaminate water, food or the environment.

14.2.7 Refuse equipment and containers shall not, by their location or installation, create a nuisance or prevent cleaning of adjacent space.

14.3 Garbage and refuse disposal:

14.3.1 Refuse shall be disposed of often enough to prevent the development of odors and the

attraction of insects and rodents, but not less than twice per week.

14.3.2 Waste shall be removed to the disposal facility in a purpose- built refuse transport vehicle.

14.3.3 All refuse shall be disposed of in a municipal sanitary landfill. Open dumps and burn-pits are prohibited.

15 INSECT AND RODENT CONTROL

15.1 The proponent is responsible for controlling insects, rodents and other vermin, including control of breeding sites, e.g. artificial bodies of water.

15.2 The presence of fly larvae, rodents or other vermin, or the traces, droppings, trails, runs or other

evidence of the presence of such vermin, shall be evidence of filth and unsanitary conditions. Saudi Aramco EPD will report such evidence to the proponent and the proponent shall take immediate action to control the infestation. They shall report the results of their control activities to Saudi Aramco EPD within 72 hours of receipt of the notification.

15.3 Buildings shall be designed, constructed, equipped, maintained and operated to prevent the

entry and harborage of insects, rodents, animals, birds and other vermin, as well as environmental contaminants, such as smoke and dust. Effective measures, such as excluding, inspecting and exterminating, shall be used to minimize the entry, presence and propagation of vermin, both inside and outside of the building.

15.4 All buildings, structures and associated facilities shall be insect- and rodent-proofed, freed of

vermin before occupancy and shall be maintained in an insect, rodent and vermin free condition.

15.5 There shall be no openings in exterior walls, foundations, basements, ground or first floors, or roofs which will admit insects, rodents or other vermin. Openings for pipes, conduits and other utility services in foundations or exterior walls, floors or roofs accessible to insects and rodents shall be closed solidly by metal, concrete or other impervious material. If metal sheeting is used to seal holes around pipes, conduits and ducts, it shall extend at least 7.6 centimeters (3 inches) beyond all sides of the opening.

15.6 All ventilation and other non-window openings that cannot be solidly sealed and that remain

accessible to insects and rodents shall be appropriately screened by grilles, hardware cloth or other material capable of precluding the entry by insects, rodents and other vermin. Note that the swing-type louvered flaps that automatically close when an exhaust or ventilation fan is switched off are deemed to be acceptable screening if they are kept clean and in good repair.

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15.7 All sewer or drain openings shall be closed with a properly secured, perforated metal cover.

Perforations shall not admit a cylinder 13 millimeters (0.5 inches) in diameter.

15.8 Employees shall not place, leave, or permit to accumulate any refuse or trash in the structure or on the premises in a manner which will afford food and harborage for insects, rodents or vermin.

15.9 Employees shall not accumulate, or permit the accumulation of lumber or other such material on

the premises unless such material is stored on racks 30 centimeters (12 inches) above the ground.

15.10 The pest control program shall encompass all areas outside and inside the place of employment. Areas along fences, around buildings, under stored materials, in and around refuse facilities, as well as floors, walls and ceilings in buildings, shall be inspected frequently to detect the presence of insects, rodents and other vermin. Preventive control measures are preferable to eradication campaigns.

15.10.1 Insects, rodents and other vermin shall be controlled by elimination of breeding and

harborage sources, proper sanitary practices, vermin proofing of buildings and structures, proper storage of materials, extermination, and by other approved control methods.

15.10.2 Pesticides shall be dispensed and handled by authorized, properly trained personnel.

Restricted-use pesticides shall be applied by a qualified pest control operator.

15.10.3 Pesticides shall not be applied in areas where food handling, warewashing or other such operations are in progress or in a way that contaminates food equipment, utensils or other food contact surfaces.

16 LUNCH ROOMS AND KITCHENS

16.1 In all places where employees are permitted to lunch on the premises, an adequate space suitable for that purpose shall be provided (note that a separate lunch room is required if employees are exposed to injurious dusts, toxic materials or other hazardous substances and they cannot be required to lunch away from the premises). The space provided for the lunch room shall conform to the requirements outlined in Table 5 and shall be based on the maximum number of persons using the room at any one time.

TABLE 5

Minimum Space Required For Lunch Rooms Number of persons Minimum space per person

25 and less 0.8 m2 26 to 74 0.7 m2 75 to 149 0.6 m2 150 to 499 0.5 m2 500 and more 0.4 m2

16.2 If a kitchen is permitted, the design, construction and materials of structure and equipment, as well

as the general operating methods and procedures used to store, handle and protect food, equipment and utensils, shall comply with requirements equivalent to those specified in Section SASC-S-04 of this Code.

16.3 An adequate number of waste receptacles shall be provided and shall be used by employees for

the disposal of all waste food and materials (refer to sub-section 14.2 of this Code Section).

16.4 Employees shall not be permitted to store, prepare or eat food in any location where there are present any toxic materials or hazardous substances that may be injurious to their health.

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REFERENCES:

1. Freedman, B., Sanitarians Handbook 2. Salvato, J., Environmental Engineering and Sanitation

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section 12

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