section 1.2: microscopes allow us to see inside the cell
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Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell. The microscope is an important tool. Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things Compound Light microscope - allow scientists to see living cells - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell
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The microscope is an important tool
• Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things
Compound Light microscope- allow scientists to see living cells
Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)- produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)- produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell
**SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times**
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Cells are divided into two categories
• The difference between the two types of cells is the location of the genetic material
• Eukaryotic cell - have a nucleus that contains the genetic material for a cell
• Prokaryotic cells - do not have a nucleus and the genetic material is in the cytoplasm
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Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cell
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Cells are diverse• Eukaryotic cells
have organelles - internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions
• cytoplasm- a jelly-like material inside the cell
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Plant Cell
cytoplasm
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Cells are diverse• Eukaryotic cells have organelles
- internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions
• cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell
• cell membrane - protective covering that controls entry into and out of cell“The Traffic Cop”
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Plant Cell
cell membrane
cytoplasm
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Organelles found in cells• Nucleus
- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function
“The Control Center”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm
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Organelles found in cells• Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell
needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
• Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein“Protein Factories”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
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Organelles found in cells• Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell
needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
• Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”
• Endoplasmic reticulum- moves materials around the cell“Cell Highway”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
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Organelles found in cells• Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell
needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
• Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”
• Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway”
• Mitochondria- uses oxygen to process food (process
called cellular respiration)“Powerhouse of the Cell”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
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Organelles found in cells• Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs
to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”• Ribosomes - process information from the
nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”• Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials
around the cell. “Cell Highway”• Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food in
a process called cellular respiration. “Powerhouse of the Cell”Golgi apparatus
- finishes processing and packaging proteins
“The Finisher”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Golgi
apparatus
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Organelles found in cells• vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Golgi
apparatus
vesicles
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Organelles found in cells• vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”
• *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Golgi
apparatus
vesicles
cell wall
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Organelles found in cells• vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”• *cell wall
- tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
• *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Golgi
apparatus
vesicles
chloroplast
cell wall
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Organelles found in cells• vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”• *cell wall
- tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
• *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell
• *central vacuole - hold water, waste and other materials
in a plant cell
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Plant Cell
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondriacell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Golgi
apparatus
vesicles
chloroplast
cell wall
central vacuole
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cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
Golgi
apparatus
vesicles
Animal Cell
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Organelles found in cells• *lysosomes
(only found in animal cells)
- break down waste materials
“Digestion Center”
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cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
Golgi
apparatus
*lysosomes
vesicles
Animal Cell