section 2- southwest asia. arabian peninsula home of the “empty quarter” largest all-sand desert...
TRANSCRIPT
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Section 2- Southwest Asia
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Arabian Peninsula• Home of the “Empty Quarter”• Largest all-sand desert in the world• Almost nothing lives there
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Arabian Peninsula
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Topography of Southwest Asia
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Dry Region Bordered By Water
• Rub’al-Khali desert
• Areas receive little rain
• Oasis- some support whole communities
• Deserts– Sand– Pebbles– Gravel– Boulders
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Two Historic Rivers• Tigris & Euphrates• Flood and deposit valuable silt• Begin in Turkey and flow south through Iraq
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Ancient Mesopotamia
• Existed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
• People raised plants and animals
• Relied on rich soil provided by the rivers floods
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Mountains• Zagros Mountains- western Iran• Elburz Mountains- northern Iran
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Seas & Gulfs• Red Sea
• Mediterranean Sea
• Black Sea
• Caspian Sea
• Persian Gulf
• Dead Sea
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The Dead Sea is dying.
Seven times saltier than the ocean!
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Red Sea, Persian Gulf
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Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Red Sea
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Caspian Sea, Black Sea
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Climate
• Arid
• Semiarid
• <10 inches of rain per year
• Up to 125 degrees during the day
• As low as 40 degrees at night
• Some parts Mediterranean climate
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Climate Map
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Natural Resources• 2 main resources are:
– Petroleum– Water
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Natural Resources
• Petroleum- an oily, flammable liquid formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals; non-renewable resource.
• Non-renewable resource- a natural resource that cannot be quickly replaced once it is used.
• Petroleum plays a key role in the world’s economy.
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Natural Resources
• Oil increases the standard of living for Southwest Asia.
• Standard of Living- a measurement of a person’s or a group’s education, housing, health, and nutrition.
• Southwest Asia has more than ½ of the world’s oil reserves.
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Water
• Irrigation is a MUST!
• This region has no permanent rivers
• Wadis- stream beds that hold water when seasonal rain falls but are dry much of the year
• People irrigate using deep underground wells
• Wells could run dry! OUCH!
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drip irrigation
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Using the land
• 3 major ways
• Nomadic herding– Bedouins- herd camels, goats and sheep– Today Bedouins- 10% of population
• Producing oil
• Agriculture
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Agriculture• Turkey
– Wheat– Barley– Cotton– Sugar beets– Fruits– Olives– Corn
• Israel– Citrus fruits– Cotton– Peanuts– Sugar cane