section 21.3 key concept roots and stems form the support ...€¦ · stems support plants,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Section 21.3 KEY CONCEPT
Roots and stems form the support system of vascular
plants.
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Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from soil.
• Roots provide many functions.
– support the plant
– absorb, transport, and store nutrients
– root hairs help absorption
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root cap
– root cap covers the tip
• There are several parts of a root.
Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from soil.
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apical meristem
– root cap covers the tip
• There are several parts of a root.
– apical meristem is an area
of growth
Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from soil.
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– vascular cylinder contains xylem and phloem
vascular cylinder
– root cap covers the tip
• There are several parts of a root.
– apical meristem is an area
of growth
Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from soil.
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– Fibrous root systems have fine branches.
Fibrous root Taproot
• There are two main types of roots.
– Taproot systems have one main root.
Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from soil.
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Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide
storage.
• Stems have many functions.
– support leaves and flowers
– house most of the vascular system
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Specialized Stems
Some stems are enlarged to store water.
Baobab trees Cactus
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Ginger rhizomes Potato tubers
Some stems grow underground for storage of nutrients.
Specialized Stems
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Some stems form new plants using runners or stolons.
Strawberry
stolons
Specialized Stems
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• Some stems are herbaceous and conduct photosynthesis.
Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide
storage.
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• Some stems can be woody,
and form protective bark.
Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide
storage.
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• Secondary growth increases a plant’s width.
• Primary growth increases a plant’s length.
Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide
storage.
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• Tree rings help determine the age of a tree.
heartwood
bands bark
one year
of growth sapwood
Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide
storage.