section 2b mali. a.d. 1240: ancient ghana was part of mali became a trading country a.d. 1240:...
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Mali A.D. 1240: Ancient Ghana was part of Mali Location… allowed people to control trade on the Niger River Empire grew rich and powerful A.D. 1240: Ancient Ghana was part of Mali Location… allowed people to control trade on the Niger River Empire grew rich and powerfulTRANSCRIPT
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Section 2BMali
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Mali•A.D. 1240: Ancient Ghana was part of Mali
•Became a trading country
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Mali•A.D. 1240: Ancient Ghana was part of Mali
•Location…allowed people to control
trade on the Niger River•Empire grew rich and powerful
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Sundiata Keita• “Hungering Lion”• 1230s conquered near kingdoms
including Ghana (1240)• Reestablished salt/gold trade• Worked to improve agriculture;
introduced new crop….COTTON
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Sundiata Keita• Organized army• Divided kingdom into provinces• Began calling himself Mansa (“mansa” was the
name of local rulers under Ghana’s control)• Sundiata became a political and religious
leader• Being a religious leader (not Muslim) gave him
more power• Moved capital around to strengthen ties to
people• Died in 1255
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Mansa Musa•“King Moses I”•A.D. 1312-1337•Mali reached its height – wealth,
power, fame (A.D. 1324)•Added many trade cities - Timbuktu•Muslim•Grand Pilgrimage – religious
journey
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Mansa Musa’s Pilgrimage•Took 14 months
•Covered 3000 miles•12,000 servants (each had 4 lb. gold bar)
•Gave away large sums of gold
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Mansa Musa’s Influence•Became Muslim
•Brought Spanish architect and Islamic scholars back to Mali
•Built university in Timbuktu•Built mosques in Gao and
Timbuktu•Mali grew to largest extent
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Mansa Musa’s Influence•Brought foreign attention to
Mali•Soon European countries will
want to control the resources of Mali
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Weak kings ruled Mali from A.D. 1340-1400
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Songhai
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Songhai•By late 1300’s Mali faced attack from the East
•Songhai lived along Niger River
•Became largest of these three trading countries
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Sonni Ali•Sultan in A.D. 1464•Ruled from Gao•Large army and navy
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Askia Muhammed•Extended empire to greatest extent
•1500’s – Timbuktu had 50,000 people
•Timbuktu became center of learning and trade
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Government•Divided into provinces•Used same weights and measures
•Only members of ruling Songhai could become political leaders or join calvary
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Decline•1591 – Songhai came under attack by Moroccan troops armed with guns
•French controlled Mali in 1800’s
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French OccupationWhy did French
want Mali?1. Supply raw materials2. Prove they were a world power
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Mali Under French Control•Army set up forts along
Senegal River to protect trade
•Built railroads•Put gunboats on Niger River
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•Attempted to make treaties with locals; took by force if they did not cooperate
•Allowed Africans to rule over each area
•Did not educate children•Did not allow Africans to make decisions
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•Forced Africans to work and go to war
•Did educate leadersWhy did the French
educate some Africans (but not all)?
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Plan Backfired!•African leaders began to resist French rule!
•September 1960, Mali became an independent nation