Section 3: The Spanish and Native

Americans

Miss King

In New Mexico and California the church built MISSIONS and the goal of the missions was to convert Native Americans to CHRISTIANITY. The mission also increased Spanish control over the land.

SUGAR PLANTATIONS develop in the Americas and were large and raised much money for Spain. They forced Native Americans to work on the sugar plantations.

These crops were exported to Europe. The plantations required any workers, Spaniards treated Native Americans terribly.

Columbian Exchange – the movement of living things

between HEMISPHERES

►Exchange was the transfer of GERMS from Europe to the Americas. Native Americans had no IMMUNITY to them.

But there were positive changes like the adaptation and domestication of plants

…and animals.

Section 4: Beginnings of Slavery

in the Americas

Miss KingWest Meck High

Slavery arises in the colonies with the increasing demand for workers.

The voyage from Africa to America is known as the middle passage. Some colonies establish slave codes to prevent rebellion.

By the 1600’s slavery (the practice of holding a person in BONDAGE for labor) was firmly established in the Americas.

► When the Spaniards and Portuguese founded their colonies in the Americas they brought with them the plantation system. They tried to enslave the Native Americans to work in MINES and FIELDS but they quickly died from overworking and DISEASE.

In some cases Native Americans rebelled with help from local allies. They looked for other sources of labor. They finally enslaved AFRICANS for labor.

4 Basic Reasons Why Europeans Enslaved

Africans:►1. Africans are immune to most European

DISEASES. ►2. Africans had no FRIENDS or FAMILY in the

America to help them resist or escape enslavement.

►3. Africans provided a permanent source of cheap LABOR; even their children could be held in bondage.

►4. Many Africans were FARMERS back in Africa.

Slavery began in the Americas to provide a LABOR FORCE.

The voyage from Africa to the Americas was called the MIDDLE PASSAGE

► It was a leg of the TRIANGULAR trade route. The triangular trade route refers to the movement of trade ships between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.