section 3_pages from schedule h - ocp bylaw 3247-2

8/12/2019 Section 3_Pages From Schedule H - OCP Bylaw 3247-2

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SCHEDULE HCity of Nelson Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 3247, 2013Development Permit Area - Design Guidelines PAGE 15

SECTION3:DEVELOPMENTPERMITAREA#2

DOWNTOWNANDWATERFRONT


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3.1. GENERAL

Buildings requiring a Development Permit within this area will be subject to one of twosets of design guidelines.

Heritage Buildings, those that are either listed on the Heritage Register, or aremunicipally, provincially, or federally designated, or is an existing building located onBaker Street, will be subject to Heritage specific design guidelines found within Section3.2. These are typically multi-unit residential, commercial, or mixed-use buildings.

All other multi-unit residential, commercial, industrial, or mixed-use buildings locatedwithin Development Permit Area #2, will be subject to the Downtown and WaterfrontDesign Guidelines found within Section 3.3.

3.2. HERITAGE DESIGN GUIDELINES

3.2.1. COMMON HERITAGE DESIGN ELEMENTSEffective design concepts result from an

awareness and application of a variety of

design criteria, such as:

A) HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL

PRECEDENT;

B) DESIGNING WITHIN CONTEXT;

C) SETBACK;

D) SCALE & PROPORTION;

E) TEXTURE AND PATTERN;

F) QUALITY OF STYLE.

Baker Street overview c.1950s shows the

historic building facades still relatively intact.


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a. HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL PRECEDENTThe City of Nelson was established in the late 1800s as a key service centre to the richmining and logging industries in the region. During the prosperous early decades of itsexistence many substantial and attractive commercial and residential buildings wereconstructed throughout the City in the Late Victorian style..

Over time the City has evolved through

numerous cultural, economic, and

architectural stylistic periods that have

altered the communitys appearance.

Design trends in the early to mid 1900s

added examples of the Art Deco, Mission

Revival, and the Modern/International styles

to the Citys streets. In the mid 1900s

many of the older Victorian buildings were

modernized with the application of new

materials over their historic faades.

Historic Nelson Streetscapesearly 1900s show a

prosperous City replete with opulent & monumentalLate Victorian architecture.

Example of a Mission Revival / Art Deco style

building faadepopular 1920s-40 s

THE BIG COVER-UP 1950 60SHudson Bay brick building modernized by Fieldsin 1960s with a sheet metal skinover old brick.


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In the 1980s the City of Nelson became the focus of an ambitious Mainstreet program

of heritage restoration & downtown revitalization. This process linked historic

preservation with economics and by returning the covered-over older buildings to theirmore impressive original appearance, helped to shift the communitys economy to a

more tourism and culturally oriented base.

Key to the Design Philosophy of the Nelson Heritage Revitalization program was the

principle of Keeping It Real recognizing the evolving variety of architectural styles

and emphasizing and enhancing them rather than creating a single period theme.

Today, and into the future, it is the Citys goal to authenticallypreserveits beautiful

historic structures and to promote examples of exceptional modern design thatacknowledge the form and character of the Citys historic architectural precedent.

The removal of layers of stucco revealed the original facades of Baker Streets last remainingwooden storefronts during the Heritage Area Revitalization Program through the 1980s-90s.

Historic Houston Block before & after restoration work in 1980s


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GUIDELINE: RESPECT ARCHITECTURAL PRECEDENT

All designs for restoration, addition, or renovation of existing building on the

Citysheritage register, or existing buildings along Baker Street should respectthe true nature of Nelsons historic architectural palette in terms of form and

character.

Consideration of the site context of the proposed concept with

existing/surrounding structures and environment, as well as striving to blend

harmoniously with the prevailing historic precedent (particularly in the heritage

tourism sensitive commercial and residential areas).

b. DESIGNING WITHIN CONTEXTAn important principle of urban design is the aspect of the recognizing the visual unity of

the over-all streetscape when designing individual structures or storefronts. Large

commercial buildings may be divided at the street level into numerous storefronts

housing independent businesses. The streetscape, both commercial and residential, is

comprised of groupings of different building types and styles. It is important to consider

the context of the surrounding adjacent structures and environment in design concepts.

GUIDELINE: CONSIDER & RESPECT CONTEXT

All designs for additions or renovations to buildings within the Downtown

neighbourhood should relate to the established building pattern and as outlined

in this Schedule.

All designs for additions or renovations outside of the Downtown neighbourhood

should reference the Design Guidelines in this Schedule in order to articulate a

buildings faade, create strong vertical and horizontal patterns that are attractive

and enhance the public realm.


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GUIDELINE: RESPECT CONTEXT OF UNIFYING STRUCTURE

Where the renovation or alteration of a heritage building, or it is an existing

building on Baker Street, and the building is of such size as to allow for the

provision of multiple individual storefronts within its structure, the design for the

individual business facades should reflect the context of the structuresoverall

original architectural style and detailing.


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c. SETBACK

The relationship between the property site and the built elements that aredeveloped upon it must be carefully considered. Zoning Bylaws dictate certainrequirements for site utilization and must be adhered to. Beyondacknowledging the zoning regulations - the location of a structure in relation toits property line(s), adjacent structures, and public corridors may be developedin creative ways that benefit the overall community environment.

INDIVIDUAL STOREFRONTS DO NOT RESPECT

LARGER UNDERLYING BUILDING FACADE

STOREFRONTS RENOVATED TO RESPECT

CONTEXT OF UNDERLYING BUILDING FACADE

Designs should consider the

prevailing setback typical of anarea and, generally, respect it.

The appropriateness of aproposal must be determined ona site specific basis.

Creative use of setback tocreate positive pedestrian

environments is encouraged.


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d. SCALE & PROPORTION

The relative SIZE of a structure in relation to its surroundings (SCALE), and the

tendency of the ORIENTATION of the structural and detail aspects of the

architectural design (PROPORTION) to present a generally vertical or

horizontal emphasis must be carefully considered in all design proposals.

Generally speaking, Neo-Classically inspired eclectic Victorian architecture

(1800s - 1920s) favoured balanced symmetry and a vertical emphasis to the

building faade elements - while more modern Bauhaus inspired styles (1930s

- 2000s) display a horizontal emphasis in fenestration and massing, and

asymmetrical faade elements.

GUIDELINE: BUILDING SCALE AND PROPORTION

Designs for renovation must consider the precedent of and respect the

existing natural and historic built environment with regard to the scale

and proportions of any proposed structure. Building concepts should be

designed to blend harmoniously with the visual rhythm of the prevai ling

surroundings.

VERTICAL EMPHASIS HORIZONTAL EMPHASIS

BUILDING SCALE SHOULD RESPECT PRECEDENT OF HISTORIC PROPORTIONS


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e. TEXTURE & PATTERNThe style and nature of the exterior faade finish materials greatly affect the over-all appearance of the streetscape and should be carefully considered in designsfor renovation and/or new construction. The, so called, TEXTURE andPATTERN of a building are typically comprised of numerous elements such as:

window and door openings (fenestration) and detailing, cornice forms, decorativedetailing, and material selection. Evolving and changing trends in architecturalstyle can be evidenced in the variety of finish materials and detailing.

GUIDELINE: TEXTURE & PATTERN

Designs for the finish and detailing of buildings on the Heritage Register

and existing buildings along Baker Street should acknowledge and respect

the prevailing historic and/or environmental precedent. New designs

should explore creative ways in which to interpret the commercial,

residential, and industrial heritage of Nelson in order to blend

harmoniously with the existing environment

Nelsons heritage buildings tend toexhibit dramatic uses of texture andpattern in their exterior finish details,displaying decorative motifs that werein vogue at the time of their initialconstruction.

The Modern/International school ofarchitectural design tended to

eliminate surface decoration in favorof a utilitarian approach to detailing.

Historic details andtextures such as onbuilding (left) helped toinspire textural elementson modern infill faade(right)brick corbels andcast concrete elements

help to create texturesthat blend sympatheticallywith the surroundingheritage structures.


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3.2.2. NELSONS COMMERCIAL HERITAGE RESOURCE

The City of Nelson has a rich and variedinventory of exceptional historic

buildings within its DowntownCommercial Core. The wealth thatflowed through the community aroundthe turn of the 20

thCentury, and its

prominence as a regional servicecentre, fostered the construction ofhundreds of substantial and attractivebuildings in the picturesque styles of theLate Victorian and Proto Modernperiods. Nelson boasts numerousbuildings designed by noted architects,

including three designed by the Provincesmost famous architect of the period: F. M.Rattenbury.

a. NELSONSDOWNTOWN DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

Due to local economic realities the majority of the heritage buildings throughoutNelson remained essentially intact (despite, unfortunate, cosmetic changes throughthe 1950s-70s). In the late 1970s Nelson became the focus of both Provincial andFederal heritage programs and a major Mainstreet Programme/ Heritage AreaRevitalization Project (HARP) was undertaken by the community. Over a 10 yearperiod (1980-90) 90% of Nelsons downtown buildings were renovated. Dozens ofhistoric buildings were stripped of modern improvements and returned to theiroriginal appearance, while more contemporary buildings were sympatheticallyrenovated. As a coordinated design plan, Nelsons overall design philosophy soughtto acknowledge the variety of evolving styles within the downtown rather than themedesigns based on a fixed style or period. This focus on honesty, authenticity, &evolution has helped create an environment of genuine quality and provides a formatthat allows the community to continue to develop stylistically into the future.

b. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR HERITAGE BUILDINGS

Due to the precious and unique nature of many of Nelsons historic structures certainspecial consideration should be given when designing plans for any restorativeimprovements or alterations to a recognized historic structure.

Rattenbury designed the Provincial CourtHouse building in Nelson in the LateVictorian Chateauesque style from locallyquarried stone.


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The term RENOVATION pertains generally to ANY alteration to a structure, with theintent to improve its appearance. Unfortunately, historically many Renovations toheritage buildings tended to denigrate or obliterate the original historic character andelements of the faade. Renovations may be very helpful to improving the look ofmodern infill buildings within heritage districts.

GUIDELINE - DOWNTOWN HERITAGE BUILDING CONSERVATIONThe primary goal of the Heritage Design Guidelines for DP Area #2 is to maintainand restore historic structures to near original appearance.

d. SECONDARY FACADES

GUIDELINESECONDARY FACADESSide walls and rear (laneway) walls should be considered in design

schemes.

Historicsidewalls constructed of masonry should be retained in theiroriginal condition, including ghost sign elements.

Murals may be permitted, subject to site specific review and as per citypolicies and guidelines.

3.2.3. SPECIFIC HERITAGE DESIGN GUIDELINES

This section details recommendations for specific aspects of the design and exterior

finish materials of the building faade for all types of structures subject to the HeritageDesign Guidelines within the Downtown and Waterfront Development Permit Area.

a. BUILDING HEIGHT

The height/scale of buildings is very important to the overall aspect of the streetscapeappearance. Buildings that are either substantially taller or lower than the (historic)average on the street may detract from the downtowns period charm. Heritage

Restoration of historic masonry faade. Example of ghost sign on secondary side wall.


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buildings tend to have a vertical emphasis because of prevailing period architecturalinfluences, and the greater floor to ceiling heights. Buildings subject to theseguidelines should generally respect the precedent of the existing rhythm of thestreetscape. Site specific variances may be considered.

GUIDELINE: BUILDING HEIGHT FOR HERITAGE BUILDINGSThe maximum allowable building height within DP Area #2 is: 16 metresThe minimum allowable building height within DP Area #2 is: 5 metres

b. MASONRY GENERAL

Masonry, including Stucco, provides an excellent low maintenance finish surface

for buildings. The precedent for the use of masonry is clear in downtown Nelson,as virtually all of the major commercial structures utilized masonry construction

Masonry may be considered the preferred material for construction and renovationwithin the designated downtown. Care should be exercised in the design of masonrytype & application, to ensure the masonry style is in sympathetic character with theprevailing architectural styles specific to Nelson.

c. STONE

PERMITTED:

Stone of the types traditionally used in Nelson: Granite, Marble, Cobblestone. Facing stone laid in regular, coursed, patterns to imitate structural stone.Stone tiles, e.g. Granite, Marble, etc. and some types of cultured stone .

NOT PERMITTED: Modern stone masonry over other historic masonry, or over original non stonebuilding fabric. Random coursed ashlar stone veneers.


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d. BRICK

PERMITTED: Common brick in traditional sizes and colours.Traditional textural brick laying bond patterns, pointing, and decorativetechniques, such as corbelling, turning, and inset panels with half & full brick.

NOT PERMITTED:Modern oversized or undersized brick forms & modern pastel coloured bricks.Artificial/synthetic brick facing. Sandblasting of brick surfaces for cleaning.


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e. STUCCO

PERMITTED: Traditional stucco &and/or acrylic stucco with smooth sand float finishMuted colours (preferably earth tones) mixed directly into stucco mortarAcrylic stucco over Styrofoam forms to create dimensional architectural detail

NOT PERMITTED: Heavy swirl type textures, as Bavarian style, rock or glass dash finish Pure white or excessively bright primary coloured stucco Covering of historic building fabric with stucco parging

f. CONCRETE MATERIALSCAST CONCRETE & BLOCKSPERMITTED: Pre-cast architectural wall panels with suitable traditional historic textures.Decorative cast concrete ornament. Textured cast concrete block; e.g. Split Faced, Scored, or cast to simulatecut stone, with colour cast into block.Regular modular concrete block with stucco parge finish, or paint finish.

NOT PERMITTED:Unfinished form cast concrete walls. Unfinished regular concrete block.

g. CERAMICS & VITREOUS MATERIALS

PERMITTED: Exterior grade (frost proof) ceramic tiles - gloss or matte finish. Tile sizes, colours, and patterns based on historic precedent.Glass block masonry (where appropriate).

BRICK DETAILS


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NOT PERMITTED:Interior grade ceramic tiles used on exterior - Modern shapes or colours of tileon historic buildings. Large areas of small random pattern/colour mosaic style tiles.

Tile over original historic fabric - glass block replacing historic window glazing.


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h. WOOD MATERIALS - GENERAL

Although the majority of the commercial buildings in downtown Nelson areprimarily of masonry construction, Wood may be considered an appropriate

material for certain uses within the designated downtown heritage area.Traditionally, wood was utilized in the construction & finish of storefront areas onmasonry buildings. Wood frame construction with masonry veneer and woodfinish detailing were also common during the Victorian period and may be utilizedin designs for both historic and modern construction. The retention of originalhistoric wood elements is highly recommended.

i. WOOD MATERIALS - SPECIFIC

PERMITTED: Wood board siding utilizing traditional wood siding sizes, patterns, and methods of

application Wooden corner boards: 25mm x103mm (1x4) and 25mm x154mm (1x6). Wooden trims for windows & doors: 25mm x103mm (1x4) and 25mm x154mm (1x6) Sawn wood shingles - both plain and fancy shapes; e.g. fish scale, diamond, etc.

NOT PERMITTED:Unfinished plywood, or chip board, used as a finish siding

j. WOOD FINISHES

PERMITTED: Paint and Stain finishes.

Clear natural finishes; e.g. Marine Spar Varnish, Urethane, Rawhide.


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NOT PERMITTED: Unfinished (raw) wood

k. METALS AND SYNTHETICSGENERAL

Synthetic (man made) materials are generally discouraged in favour of natural(organic) materials. This is particularly true when dealing with an historicstructure. Original historic fabric should never be replaced with a syntheticcounter-part, where it can be avoided. Metal should be used primarily on parts ofthe building facade where it may have traditionally been utilized, and shouldfollow historic precedent in terms of detailing and colour.

METALS AND SYNTHETICS SPECIFIC GUIDELINESPERMITTED: Metal, formed into traditional decorative elements such as flashings, cornice, brackets,

finials, etc. Non ferrous metals such as copper, brass, bronze, zinc, etc. - used for decorativepurposes

NOT PERMITTED: Synthetic siding (vinyl or metal) over any historic fabric or on modern infill buildings.Artificial brick or artificial stone. Asbestos or Asphalt shingles or panels as a wall covering. Fiberglass panels. Large expanses of corrugated coloured metal used as a siding material.

l. WINDOWS AND DOORSGENERAL

Windows, and to a lesser extent doors, are key elements to expressing thehistoric character of a building, and as such should be afforded careful

ENCOURAGED: FORMEDSHEET METAL ORNAMENTAND BATTEN STYLE PANELS

NOT PERMITTED: CORRUGATEDMETAL USED AS SIDING


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Window forms (in infill & new construction) which are at variance with thehistoric precedent of Nelsons period architecture, e.g. strong horizontalemphasis, flat featureless surrounds, etc. Unpainted (UNFINISHED) metal window frames.

n. DOORSSPECIFIC GUIDELINES

PERMITTED: HERITAGE BUILDINGS

Retention of original historic doors.

Wood doors with traditional detailing.

.Coloured (anodized or painted) metal doors with traditional styling.

NOT PERMITTED: HERITAGE BUILDINGS

Unfinished metal & glass doors with modern styling. Flat, featureless, wood or metal doors.

o. ORNAMENT - GENERAL

Ornamentation was one of the key design elements which distinguished the Victorianbuilding styles. It was the rich and varied use of materials and eclectic classical motifs


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r. ROOF FORMS & MATERIALS - GENERAL

Roof designs for the downtown core should generally respect the prevailingpattern, pedestrian traffic and weather conditions. In most areas, roofs will be

viewed from above and should be considered as a fifth faade. Roof designshould provide an attractive view from above.Flat roofs with internalized drainsystems are the most appropriate for the downtown area. As this type of roof isnot a visible element of the building facade, materials are not affected by thedesign guidelines.

Where a pitched roof style is used, the surface material and water drainagepatterns should be carefully considered. Mansard style roof embellishmentsare not true roofs, and their construction and material specification shouldgenerally follow the guidelines for wall finishes.

s. ROOFSPECIFIC GUIDELINES

PERMITTED

ROOF TYPESHISTORIC BUILDINGS

- Flat roofs.

- Pitched roofs.

- Parapet walls.

ROOFING MATERIALSHISTORIC BUILDINGS- Coloured metal with standing seam or batten rib profiles.

- Non-ferrous metals (copper, zinc, bronze).

- Bitumen based roofing systems (on flat roofs).

- Sawn wood shingles, Asphalt Shingles, Special Composite Shingles.

NOT PERMITTED - HISTORIC BUILDINGS

- Rough shakes.

- Clay tiles.

- Non-coloured galvanized steel or aluminum.

t. LIGHTING - GENERAL

Light fixtures attached to the building face should reflect the nature of the buildingstyle, both historic and modern. Architectural lighting of the building facade isencouraged as a method of enhancing the appearance of the structure duringhours of low light conditions. Outlining of the parapet skyline w/ LED rope-lightsis encouraged. Light fixtures and bulb types that are energy efficient and lowmaintenance are recommended.


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Exterior lighting should also consider:

Using full cutoff or fully shielded fixtures in order to avoid light beingdirected upwards;

Pedestrian areas should have adequate illumination for safety; Lighting should integrate with retail signage, storefront windows and other

building elements;

Limiting glare;

Minimizing light spill beyond the property boundary,

Sensor or timer-based shut off controls where appropriate.

LIGHTINGSPECIFIC GUIDELINES PERMITTED

Indirect, concealed fluorescent or incandescent.

Turned, enameled, metal shades. Metal-cast fixtures.

Surface mounted fixtures.

Indirect architectural flood lighting of the building faade.

NOT PERMITTED

Bare fluorescent or incandescent bulbs (surface mounted)


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AWNINGS & CANOPIESGENERAL GUIDELINES

PERMITTED: HISTORIC BUILDINGS Retractable arm style awnings

Fixed metal frame - 3 point and 4 point style awnings (fascia panels on 4 pointawnings to max. 0.76 metres H.), quarter barrel, & dome styles

Shapes with relatively steep roof pitches (35-60 degree angles preferred) to promoteautomatic snow removal and self cleaning.

NOT PERMITTED: HISTORIC BUILDINGSAny form which has a substantial flat top surface, or top sheet angle of less than 30degrees.

Awnings which totally obscure the building facade, or historic architectural details .

AWNING - CRITICAL DIMENSIONS

Minimum height above sidewalk to lowest structural members: 2.5 metre

Minimum projection from building face: 0.92 metre

Minimum setback of awning face from curb edge: 0.62 metre


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AWNING TRIMA finishing detail on period style awnings was valance skirting. Typical edgingpatterns included the keyed, scalloped and saw-toothed treatments. The valanceprovides an area for signage and the variety of different edge treatments givesthe potential for lively textures. As a precaution against vandalism, the lowest

portion of the valance should be at least 2.46 mabove sidewalk level.

PERMITTED/ RECOMMENDED: ALL BUILDINGS

Generously sized valance skirting.

Keyed, scalloped or saw-toothed bottom edge.

Detachable valance for signage alterations.

AWNING SIGNAGE & GRAPHICSIn many instances, the awning structure also serves the function of the primarybusiness sign. In this case it is important that the principles of quality graphicdesign and designing within the larger context are considered and adhered to.The nature of the lettering and graphics should respect the architectural qualitiesof the building to which it is attached, as well as consider the appearance ofsurrounding buildings and signage.

PERMITTED/ RECOMMENDED: ALL BUILDINGS Upper and/or lower case letters to a maximum individual letter height: 30cm. Graphic borders on fascia and side panels surrounding letters. Clear, legible, lettering in traditional typefaces.


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NOT PERMITTED: ALL BUILDINGS Overly busy signs: e.g. REPETITION of business name, products, or services. Use of too many product names or logos in addition to/ or larger than businessname. Large expanses of white background with oversized block letters.

ENCROACHMENT AGREEMENTS

All applications for an awning installation over the public thoroughfare mustinclude a signed indemnity waiver/ encroachment agreement with the City ofNelson.

CANOPIES - GENERAL

Canopy structures are permanent coverings attached to the building face andprojecting over a portion of the public sidewalk. Canopy structures are typicallyeither wholly supported by the building structure as a cantilevered element, orsupported at their outside edge by posts. When designing canopy structures

care should be taken to consider the style of the building to which it is attached inorder to blend the canopy appearance harmoniously with the architecture.

Canopies are subject to the same size criteria and encroachment stipulations asspecified for Awning structures.


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v. SIGNAGEGENERAL

The design of signage and its application to the building faade of heritagebuildings requires careful consideration. Specific guidelines for sign sizing anddesign are found in the most current City of Nelson Sign Bylaw.

Murals may be permitted, subject to site specific review and as per city bylaws,policies and guidelines.

Three examples of acceptable canopy structures - building at left hassteel framed, pitched, batten seam metal roof - centre building has flat roofwith metal support postsbuilding at far right has rigid frame fabricawnings.


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w. COLOUR

COLOUR is one of the most powerful design tools. The colour schemes of individualbuildings and the aggregate appearance of various paint schemes within the overallstreetscape are very important to the image of the character of the Heritage buildings.

Most major paint manufacturers have developed special palettes of Historic Colours it is recommended that reference to these colour charts be made in order to selectappropriate colours and shades.

GUIDELINE Colour schemes for individual buildings within the Development Permit Areashould be devised to respect the qualities of the communitys heritage and thenatural environment, and to work harmoniously with adjacent building colourschemes and the context of the entire streetscape.

COLOUR SCHEMES SHOULD HELP TO EXPRESS THE BUILDINGS ORNAMENTAL DETAILING

Colour & paint can be used to createsympathetic geometries on blank facades

Colour schemesshould respectthe precedent ofhistoric paintpalettes andconsider thecolour schemesof adjacentbuildings.


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x. SYMPATHETIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR RENOVATION

Designing concepts for additions to historic buildings, renovations to modern infillbuildings along Baker Street, requires thoughtful consideration and a knowledge andappreciation for the evolution of architectural styles. The City of Nelson recognizes the

unique and important part that historic architecture plays in its community image andeconomic well-being and seeks to preserve and further enhance its heritage through thethoughtful design of future developmentsensuring that new building concepts blendharmoniously with the existing historic environment.

A basic premise of Nelsons heritage revitalization program has been to acknowledgethe evolving nature of architectural styles and not to create a heritage theme thatfocuses on just the Victorian style of architecture and ornament. Contemporary designconcepts are acknowledged as valid within Nelsons design milieu as they help to createthe basis for the heritage of the future. It is, however, the blending of old and new thatrequires great skill and sensitivity and presents a challenge to the architect/designer.

Aesthetics are admittedly a highly subjective matter and passionate proponents fordiffering schools of thought on the proper way to interpret building design so that itmay integrate into the pre-existing environment are many. One of the main purposes ofthe Development Permit / Design Review requirements is to bring a sense of communityinterest and scrutiny to the design process in the hope that this will lead to better designdecisions and more attractive buildings that truly echo the special character of the City.

The tradition of Modern architecture has notalways been sympathetic to the styles thatpreceded itan attitude that has unfortunatelybeen responsible for the loss or disfigurement ofa lot of great older structures. Because Nelsonvalues its heritage it is crucial that contemporarydesigns for renovations or additions to heritagebuildings, or existing buildings along Baker Streetare truly sympathetic to the historic precedenceof the community. This does not mean that newadditions or renovations should be imitations ofVictorian designs but it does recommend that thecontemporary designer look carefully at thetextures, forms, colours, materials, etc. of theprevailing building stock and use theseprecedents as the basis for developing newinterpretations In this way Nelson offers a uniqueopportunity to create a new style trend thatemerges from blending the best of the past andpresent. New construction within the Downtown and Waterfront area will be subject todesign guidelines in the next section, and will assist in ensuring new buildings are of

A good example of respectful designIs seen at the Nelson Fire Hall3

separate additions to the historicstructure all successfully mirror theoriginal architecture - to create aharmonious blending of the old & new.


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high quality and appropriately designed to fit the context of the surrounding buildingsand the neighbourhood.


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3.3. DOWNTOWN AND WATERFRONT DESIGN GUIDELINES

The section is composed of standards and guidelines. Standards are requiredactions, prefaced by the term shall. Guidelines are recommended actions,prefaced by the term should. A combination of words, diagrams and precedent

photos are used to articulate each of the guidelines. Photos are intended toillustrate general principles rather than specific applications.

The guidelines cover the public realm and development parcels, organized asfollows:

The public realm is comprised of the streets, sidewalks, trails and open spaces.From a functional point of view these are the armature of the city and theframework to which development parcels relate. However, the public realmshould also be considered as the outdoor rooms of the city, the proper design ofwhich is important in engaging civic function and participation.

The development parcels comprise all land outside of the public realm. Withthem the street interface is the area at-grade where the buildings relate with thepublic realm. It must be well designed so that it contributes positively to thepublic realm.

The sculpting of building form is controlled by guidelines for its mass, height andfaade in order to ensure that the outdoor rooms are appropriatelyframed andthe building scale and proportion is in context with surrounding buildings and theneighbourhood.


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Building details are the elements that createdistinctions between buildings so that thereis a diversity of building styles and featuresthat contribute to unique and expressiveneighbourhoods.

Finally, use-specific guidelines are set forththat regulate each of the types of buildingsenvisioned, including heritage buildings,multi-unit residential, commercial (retail), live/ work, light industrial / office, and parking.

3.3.1. PUBLIC REALM

The public realm is comprised of the publicstreets and sidewalks, trails, parks and open

spaces. A high quality public realm is ofgreat value for residents and visitors ofNelson alike, as it is the shared publicexpression of the built environment.

3.3.1.a. STREETS

Streets are the conduit for vehicular and pedestrian mobility, the armature forbuilding and development parcels, and a primary place where citizens andvisitors engage in shared civic life. As such, streets should be designed to bevisually appealing and exciting spaces, while ensuring safe and functional trafficmovement.

Street Pattern

The street pattern refers to the location and relationship of streets in forming anetwork that encourages fluid and connected movement of vehicles, bicycles andpedestrians.

HierarchyStreets should be organized in a hierarchical network. GivenNelsons modest traffic volumes, most streets should be local; fewcollectors orarterials should be required.

SpacingStreets should provide continuous through movements by beingconnected to one another at a spacing similar to the existing downtown grid of90m by 90m. Areas at the periphery of the waterfront where larger parcels arerequired may have wider spacing but should not exceed 200m.


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Cul-de-sacsCul-de-sacs are discouraged, as they disrupt connectivity. Inisolated instances they may be required on the waterfront lands where the CPRtracks block through access to Front Street.

Street Dimensions & Geometry

Streets are made up of multiple components, each ofwhich has an optimal dimension in order to ensurefunctionality and safety as described below. Additionalstreet standards should be consulted in theSubdivision Bylaw.

Vehicular Travel LanesTravel lane width dependson the street type and vehicle type using the street:

Neighbourhood Streets Dedicated travel lanes on

neighbourhood streets serving primarily personal carsand trucks should be in the range of 3.0m, to a 3.7mmaximum. In low-traffic neighbourhood conditionswhere traffic calming is a priority the development of asingle travel lane two-way street where traffic mustpull off to allow for the passage of oncoming cars maybe utilized; the travel lane is recommended to be4.3m. Truck Routes Travel lanes along streets thataccommodate truck and bus traffic should be in therange of 3.4m to a 4.0m maximum.

On-street Parallel ParkingCurb-side parallel parkingshould be in the range of 2.2m with a 2.7m maximum.

On-street Bicycle LanesThere are two types ofbicycle lanes:

Shared Bike/Vehicle Lane On streets wherebicycle traffic is intended to share the roadway with automobiles, the vehiculartravel lane should be narrowly dimensioned in order to discourage automobilesfrom passing bicycles, since passing tends to push cyclists towards parked carswhere there is a greater chance of being struck by an opening car door.

On-street Dedicated Bicycle LaneNot all existing streets are wide enough toaccommodate dedicated bike lanes; however, should a dedicated bike lane nextto a curb be planned on a new or existing street it should be a minimum of 1.2m;1.7m is preferred. A dedicated bicycle lane next to parallel parking should be aminimum of 1.6m; 1.9m is preferred.


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SidewalksSidewalks serve a variety of functions depending on the street type.They should be located on at least one side of quiet local streets and two sides ofcollectors and arterials. Sidewalks should allow for a minimum of 1.5munobstructed path of travel for pedestrians. On busy retail streets, sidewalksmay be as wide as 4.6m to allow for restaurant patios and other retail displays

provided there is a minimum unobstructed path of travel of 2.0m. Permanentpatios within the public realm along Baker Street are prohibited. Seasonal patioswithin the Baker Streets alcoves (see Section 3.6.2) are encouraged, but shouldnot occupy more than 50% of the alcove area.

Sidewalk Landscape / Furnishing AreaStreet trees, landscape elements andfurnishings should be grouped in a dedicated corridor between the sidewalk andstreet in order to retain maximum clearance on the sidewalk and create a bufferbetween cars and pedestrians. The size of the area will vary to accommodatethe desired elements.

Landscape/Furnishing Area ElementsThe following guidelines are for streetscapefurnishings and plantings within the landscape area.They provide direction for the creation of streets thatprovide trees and planting for visual interest andshading, stormwater management, seating and otherfurnishings.

Sustainable Landscaping - Street landscaping shouldemphasize street trees and consist of native andregionally appropriate planting. In retail areas treeswith high crowns are preferred so the view ofstorefronts is not blocked from the street. Streetlandscaping should be strategically planted to helpregulate climate, control stormwater, cleanse air andwater, and provide habitat.

Benches and SeatingShould be provided on retailand significant streets and in bulb-out areas.Benches and seating should be oriented to createsocial spaces. Additionally, seating should belocated along steep streets and paths to provide aplace to rest.

Waste / Recycling / Other ReceptaclesShall be provided on retail streets, atbus stops, near seating or on bulb-outs near the street corner.

Bicycle racksOn public streets, provide bicycle racks on streets fronted byretail, commercial, multi-unit housing, and public service buildings. Additionally,provide bicycle racks adjacent to transit stops, and park entrances. Locate


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bicycle racks in the furnishing area, bulb-outs or curb extensions to ensure clearpedestrian travel.

Newspaper racksInstall newspaper racks in retail areas and near transit stops.Locate newspaper racks in the furnishings area or on bulb-outs.

Tree gratesUse tree grates rather than a landscape strip where pedestriantraffic is high and where sidewalk space is limited.

Utility vaultsLocate utility vaults in the furnishings area where possible. Groupand arrange vault covers in an orderly fashion.

Accessibility / Universal DesignDesigns should incorporate universal accessand principles of universal design where possible.

Street Lighting

Extend the lighting style along Baker Street into the Railtown district. Locate street lighting in the furnishing/landscape area. Lamps should use high-efficiency technology, such as LED, to minimize energyconsumption. Design lighting to maximize public safety while minimizing light pollution.

Permeable Parking LanesPermeable parking lanes are encouraged tomitigate stormwater runoff. They may be porous asphalt, porous concrete,permeable pavers, or concrete-grass-block grid.

Special CrosswalksSpecial crosswalks should be utilized at importantintersections and high traffic intersections to raise awareness of pedestrians.Colour, imprinted asphalt, concrete with integral colour and special texture, orunit pavers can be used to do this. Raised crosswalks are encouraged wherethey will not impede transit or truck routes, especially within residential areas.Intersections that should utilize special crosswalks include at a minimum:

Highway 3A / Baker Street Vernon Street / Ward Street Front Street / Hall Street

Baker Street / Ward Street Baker Street / Hall Street Hall Street / Lakeside Drive

3.3.1.b. TRAILSTrails offer the means of non-motorized movement throughout the open spacenetwork, and should be designed to allow for safe passage at various speeds.Multi-use trails are designed to accommodate speeds and uses ranging frommeandering pedestrians to cyclists.

Trail DesignDepending on the desired use (single-use / multi-use) and location of a trail, thefollowing minimum dimensions and other considerations are provided.


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Pedestrian Travel AreaA pedestrian only path orpedestrian portion of a multi-use path should be a minimumwidth of 1.8m to allow for pedestrians to walk side-by-sidewhile still allowing space for others to pass; 2.5m is

preferred.

Two-way Bicycle TravelA trail that accommodates two-way bicycle travel should be a minimum of 2.5m; 3.0m ispreferred.

Multi-use Traila trail that accommodates pedestrian andbicycle travel should be a minimum of 4.0m; 5.5m ispreferred (see the Active Transportation Plan).

Trail BufferTrails next to a public street or private parcel

shall contain a buffer for landscaping. When next to astreet, the buffer shall be a minimum of 1.5m; when next toa private parcel it shall be a minimum of 3.0m. Thelandscaping buffer may contain ground covers, trees,hedges and other appropriate treatments.

Public ArtThe trail system should contain public art at keylocations to spotlight local culture and enhance the overallopen space network.

Interpretive TrailsWhere appropriate, trail signs should beutilized to increase awareness about Nelsons history andnatural environment.

3.3.1.c. PARKS & OPEN SPACEParks and open space build upon and complement thepedestrian network within the streets system, and theyserve as a place for recreation and social engagement.

ParksSeveral parks are proposed throughout the planning area and should contain avariety of active and passive spaces. Final park design will be informed througha consultative process; however, the following considerations should be made inpark design:

Passive ActivitiesIn naturalistic environments, create areas that supportpassive activities, such as reading, conversation, solitude and bird watching.


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ClimatePlazas should be located to maximize sunshine. Deciduous treesshould be used to mitigate excessive sunshine during summer months, whilepermitting light penetration in winter.

ProgrammingPlazas should serve a range of activities from seating to

interactive and playful sculpture or fountains, depending on the desired role ofthe plaza.

Public ArtOpportunities for the inclusion of public art should be explored in allplazas.

FurnishingsPlazas should have comfortable and functional furnishings such aslighting, seating, trash receptacles and restrooms in high-traffic locations.

Natural Open SpaceNatural open space should serve to protect sensitiveecosystems, link park areas and create edges to neighbourhoods.

3.3.2. DEVELOPMENT PARCELS

The buildings and open space of developmentparcels have a strong influence on the public realmand overall cityscape. Accordingly, designguidelines are set forth starting with factors thathave the greatest impactthe street interfaceedge, then elements of the buildings form height, bulk and massing, followed by the moredetailed elements of buildings.

3.3.2.a. Street InterfaceThe base of buildings should animate the street bycontaining active uses reinforced by generouswindows, entrances and active outdoor spaces.

Active uses include street-level residential unitswith street-facing entrances, retail and restaurantsthat meet and engage the sidewalk with amplewindows and doors, live/work units that front thestreet, displays and inviting entrances,entertainment, offices and lobbies.

At-grade ActivationIn order to activate theground plane along public streets, uses at-gradeshall be active. These include residential, retailand office uses, lobbies and corridors (see Section3.3.2.d. for Use Specific details).


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Front SetbackThe front setback is the required minimum distance between abuilding or use and the front yard lot line (see the Zoning Bylaw for front, sideand rear yard setback standards). Along streets where an existing street wall isestablished, this becomes the establishedsetback. New construction shouldconform to within 10% of the established setback subject to minimum setback

dimensions set forth in the following pages. On streets without an establishedsetback, the first projects will define the established setback, again subject tominimum setback dimensions.

Main Building EntranceThe main building entrance shall be prominent andexpressed by such elements as taller volumes, recessed doorways, canopies,lighting, public art, water features, special materials or colour and paving.Entrances shall be easily identifiable and well lit for convenience, visual interestand safety.

Artful buildingsBuildings themselves are encouraged to incorporate art into the

design. This may include dynamic building elements or public art that isincorporated into building faades or entrances and lobbies.

SafetyBuildings and public space should be made safe by ensuring naturalsurveillance and clear legible boundaries and pathways. Eyes onthe streetprinciples should be employed by locating doors, windows, and active openspaces to face public streets and parks.


3.3.2.b. Building Form

Height

Building heights define the walls of the public realm, and should be in scale withthe surrounding heights in the neighbourhood. In addition, building heights affectviews and key sight lines. Thus, heights are regulated herein to ensure anappropriate scale along the waterfront lands and protect key views fromDowntown. Maximum building heights may be relaxed at Councils discretion if aproject is deemed to satisfy public needs such as provisions for affordablehousing, public art, and / or enhanced public open spaces, or if a project utilizescutting edge sustainable practices. Those districts in which revisions to theZoning Bylaw are recommended are discussed below.

Height MeasurementSee the Zoning Bylaw

Maximum Building HeightsMaximum building heights are depicted inFigure 3.1.


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Waterfront West/Waterfront Central In order to protect views fromDowntown, building heights in the Waterfront Central and Waterfront Westdistricts shall be 14 metres with the exception of one parcel at 16.75metres as shown. Furthermore, any building within 30 metres of theshoreline shall have a maximum height of 10.5 metres to protect views

and create an appropriate scale along the waterfront.

RailtownBuilding heights can be up to 20m to encourage theintensification of the district.

All other districts see the Zoning Bylaw

Figure 3.1Maximum Building Heights

Massing

Building massing is controlled in order to limit the impact of its overallappearance and achieve a scale appropriate to the use and district. Buildingmassing is controlled in three ways: lot coverage, length and floor plate size.These controls affect the Waterfront West, Waterfront Central and Railtowndistricts. For all other districts, refer to the Zoning Bylaw.


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Development Lot CoverageDevelopment lot coverage is limited as indicated inTable 3.1. Coverage includes all habitable and non-habitable buildings includingprojections and structured parking. A development lot is defined as all landwithin the legal property line. The allowable lot coverage is based on the primary

use at-grade.

TABLE 3.1DEVELOPMENT LOT COVERAGE


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Building LengthThe maximum length of any building face fronting a public rightof way or park/open space is limited in order to create a pedestrian scale andsufficient active or view corridors. Building faces that turn greater than 30 areconsidered a different face. Plan length varies by building type as shown inTable 3.2.

TABLE 3.2MAXIMUM BUILDING LENGTH


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Building Floor PlateThe building floor plate size in combination with themaximum building length limits the overall mass in order to restrict overlymassive buildings while allowing for functionality. The floor plate of a building isdefined as the area around the perimeter of all exterior walls. For buildings thatshare exterior walls (party walls), the floor plate is defined as the area around the

perimeter of the outermost walls. Maximum floor plate sizes are defined by theprimary at-grade use, as indicated in Table 3.3. Commercial and light industrialbuildings that have large floor plates should mitigate the visual effects of blankwalls and loading areas through landscaping or other appropriate means.Vertically mixed-use buildings shall be governed by the regulations affecting itsat-grade use. Any building with a mix of uses at-grade shall be governed by theregulations affecting its primary at-grade use.

Table 3.3Maximum Building Floor Plate


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Faade Modulation

The building faade should be modulated in order to moderate its apparent massand define key elements. In addition, there are instances when the faade of anew building should respond to patterns established by adjacent historic

buildings in order to maintain the overall patterns along the street. Modulationtechniques and the context within Nelson for which they apply are describedbelow.

Faade modulationTechniquesThere are a variety of techniques for modulating a building faade to improvelegibility, break down the apparent massing, establish a human scale and createvisual interest. At a larger scale, this can be done through vertical and horizontalmodulation. At a finer scale, modulation is achieved with stepbacks, projections,recesses, and material and colour changes. All are described below.

VERTICAL MODULATIONMulti-level buildings should have a defined base,middle and top.

Base the base may be the first storey (eg. buildings with retail grade)or the first two storeys (eg. Live/work, lofts, or ground oriented townhomeson residential buildings).

Middle the middle portion should define the principle building faade.

Top building tops should have a defined roofline and/or top floor.


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HORIZONTAL MODULATIONBuildings should have a horizontal rhythm ofmodules that relate to the function of the interior spaces. The rhythmic modulesfor residential, retail and mixed-use buildings should not exceed 15m in length.The rhythm of the base and upper floors may vary.


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STEPBACK

Upper floors of a building may be stepped back from the predominant buildingface in order to reduce their apparent mass from the street articulate differentuses (retail at base, residential above), or distinguish the top of the building.

DowntownNew construction within downtown, especially along BakerStreet, should avoid stepbacks, in keeping with the established patterns of thehistoric architecture.

All other districtsStepbacks for new construction are not required; however,if used, residential buildings shall only step the top floor back, while mixed-use buildings may step back all floors above ground level. Multiple stepbacksare discouraged unless a building is stepping in response to steeptopography.


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PROJECTION

Projections help to define a modular rhythm and emphasize the horizontal planesof a building. Projecting elements can be habitable (eg. bay windows), non-habitable (eg. balcony), or decorative (eg. trims, mouldings and columns).

Projections are encouraged in all districts except areas of the downtown corewhere they are not a significant component of the established pattern. Allprojections into the public realm are considered encroachments and are subjectto encroachment agreements with the City.

Habitable projectionHabitable space within a projection means a portion ofthe building enclosed by walls and a roof. Typically this will be a bay window,corner element, or regularly occurring bay that extends through some or allfloors of a building. Habitable projections beyond the main building face up to1.0 m into the setback area or public realm are allowed on residential andmixed-use buildings. Habitable projections into the public realm shall allow

for a minimum of 3.0 m vertical clearance from sidewalk level to ensure safepassage.

Non-habitable projectionNon-habitable projections are spaces aboveground level utilized by residents that are not enclosed by walls and a roof,such as balconies or awnings and canopies. Non-habitable projectionsbeyond the main building face may extend up to 1.5 metres into the setbackarea or 1.0m into the public realm. Non-habitable projections into the publicrealm shall allow for a minimum of 3.0 metres vertical clearance fromsidewalk level to ensure safe passage.

Decorative projectionDecorative projections are elements of a building thatdefine building rhythm or horizontal planes, such as floor levels or a roofline.

Decorative projections include mouldings and belt courses, cornices, sills,eaves, columns and trim. They may extend beyond the main building face upto up to 50cm into a setback area and 20cm into the public realm. Decorativeprojections may extend down to grade.

Sustainability projectionFeatures related to sustainable design, such assolar shading, are allowed. These may extend up to 1.5 metres into thesetback area or 1.0 metre into the public realm, and shall allow for a minimumof 3.0 metres clearance from sidewalk level to ensure safe passage.


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RECESS

A recess is a notch into the main building face, which is used to articulatebuilding rhythm and provide a sheltered space for building entrances andbalconies.

Vertical building face recessesRecesses that extend multiple storeys or thefull height of a building shall not exceed a depth from the main building face of2.0 metres.

Building entrancesIn order to prevent dark and indefensible entrances,primary building entrance shall not be deeper than 2.0 metres; secondaryentrances shall not be deeper than 1.0 metre.

Punched windowsRecessing windows from the primary building facecreates attractive shadow lines and is encouraged. Windows should not be

recessed greater than 30cm.

Decorative recessDecorative recesses up to 20 cm in depth areencouraged as a means of adding a finer grain of articulation.


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MATERIAL, COLOUR & PATTERN CHANGES

A material and/or colour change can emphasizeparticular elements of a buildings faade and helpto establish vertical rhythm or differentiate horizontal

planes. In addition, changing the pattern of aparticular material, such as switching from long endbrick exposure to short end, can highlight moredetailed elements like doors and windows.

Material and Colour Changes (see Section 3.3.2.cfor permitted materials and colours)Material andcolour changes should not be excessive; greaterthan three material and/or colour changes on afaade, exclusive of windows, is discouraged.

Pattern ChangesMaterial pattern changes arecommon on historical buildings and, to a lesserdegree, in contemporary architectural forms.Pattern changes, if utilized, should be similar tothose seen within the historical precedents inNelson on which the pattern of brickwork commonlychanges to emphasize windows, corners, trim or acornice feature.

Faade modulationContextual Application

DOWNTOWNWhere there is an established building pattern, as is the case in the Downtowncore, particularly on historically significant Baker Street and Vernon Street, it isimportant that the pattern of new buildings relates to the established pattern. Thetechniques for modulating a buildingsfaade discussed above can be highlyeffective at achieving this by creating a common language between existing andnew buildings. This may be achieved with either historical or contemporarymethods and expressions.

The historic building patterns in downtown Nelson, particularly their scale andproportion, are illustrated in Figure 3.2 and described on the following pages inorder to point out how the design of new buildings should respond to thesepatterns. The faades of new buildings should be modulated in such a mannerthat the base, middle and top, as well as the horizontal rhythm, are consistentwith the patterns established by the historic building.


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Figure 3.2Nelson Historic Building Patterns

A. Vertical Articulation

Base to Middle distinguished by the transom / awning and the use of adecorative projection at the top of the transom / awning line.

Middle to Topdistinguished by a material change (stone from brick) on thebuilding on the left; a pattern change on the building on the left

B. Horizontal Articulation

Modular rhythm less than 15m Defined by decorative columnar projections.

Stepbacknone

Projections Decorative projection defines the roofline Decorative projections further refine the modular rhythm of the upper level

window bays

Recess Building entrances are recessed for both ground floor uses (retail) and upper

level access Punched windows add emphasis to the window form Decorative recesses utilized to add visual interest

Material, Colour & Pattern Changes Base columns distinguished from above Windows defined by sills, lintel


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Roofline defined by cornice and parapet

The methods by which patterns established by historic buildings can be reflectedin the faade of a new building, thus contributing to a generally unified yetindividually expressed streetscape, are shown in the photo and described in the

table below:


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These pattern elements create a unified streetscape with compatible designbetween buildings from different eras. The contemporary building maintains thevertical and horizontal patterns established by the historic building, yet this isachieved with modern materials, emphasizing windows and metal.

DISTRICTS OUTSIDE DOWNTOWN

Buildings outside of the downtown are not subject to the same pre-establishedcontextual patterns and rhythms of historic buildings, and therefore have moreflexibility in their form and expression. The design techniques discussed inSection 3.2.2.b. should be used to articulate a buildings faade, creating strongvertical and horizontal patterns that are attractive, and enhance the public realm.

Roofs

Building roofs will be visible in many cases from a

surrounding building or group of buildings.Accordingly, roofs should be an integral aspect ofthe building and an expressive opportunity thatshould be attractive and, if flat, usable for outdooruse, energy production and/or stormwater storage.

Fifth FaadeIn most areas, roofs will be viewedfrom above and should be considered as a fifthfaade. Roof design should provide an attractiveview from above.

FormThe roof form should reinforce its role as thetop of the building and should form an integral partof the overall building composition. Expressive andsculptural roof forms that will be seen from adistance are encouraged.

Mechanical EquipmentRooftop mechanicalequipment including elevator / stair cores more than2.0m above the roofline shall be screened from viewof neighbouring units. The mechanical screensshall form part of the building top composition and

consist of materials consistent with the overall building colour and materialpalette. The maximum permitted coverage by mechanical equipment is 30% ofthe roof top area for all buildings. Wherever possible, roof mechanical exhaustvent and equipment projections should be clustered and set back from the edgeof buildings that are visible from the street or points above.


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Usable Roof TerracesUsable terraces on building roofs and podiums areencouraged where possible. Trellises and open structures should be designedas part of the overall roof composition.

Sustainable DesignThe following guidelines should be considered when

designing a buildings roof:

Use durable, thermally efficient roofs that reduce heating and cooling andenhance thermal comfort.

The use of high albedo, non-reflective and landscaped roof is encouraged toprevent heat island effect.

Green roofs are encouraged and should be insulated to minimize heat andnoise transfer and use regionally appropriate plant species to minimize waterconsumption requirements. Temporary drip or bubbler irrigation systems toestablish green roof plants are permitted, but once the planting has beenestablished these systems should be disconnected and rendered unusable.

Roofs should be designed to accommodate and mitigate stormwater runoffeffects through the use of landscaping, diverting runoff to collection tanks orother appropriate means.


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3.3.2.c. BUILDING DETAILS

Permitted Materials & Colours

Building materials and colours should be carefullyselected to express the uniqueness of individualbuildings, be visually pleasing and add to the overallcomposition of the street. Materials should be highquality, durable and should suit the localenvironment.

WallsPermitted materials include: high qualityfinish cast in place or precast concrete, unitizedceramic panels, high quality metal panels, brick,stone, wood, stucco, cement fibre lap, curtain wall

windows systems and photovoltaics forming a wallsystem.

Glass TypesAll glass inclusive of the windows system shall perform to theminimum or better of the Provinces Energy Efficiency Standards.Innovationrelated to sustainability is encouraged in the choice of glass and windowsproducts. Low emissivity windows are encouraged. Not permitted: reflectiveglass; greater than 10% tinted glass.

Durable MaterialsMaterials shall be durable and of high quality and respond tothe sites climate by utilizing appropriate envelope systems.

Local and Sustainable MaterialsTo the extent possible, locally sourcedmaterials should be used to reduce transportation impacts and reflect the localclimate, light, history, and culture. Additionally, the following materials areencouraged: Recycled materials or materials with a high-recycled content. Concrete with at least 25% fly ash or slag. Wood products certified CSA Sustainable Forest ManagementStandard orequivalent. Interior finishes and installation methods with low toxic emissions.

ColoursA variety of colour schemes is encouraged, yet overly bright ordispleasing colours is discouraged. Generally, colours should be based on huesfound within the natural environment, and be augmented with white and/or blackto mute their tone.


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Lighting

Building lighting should be integrated with thebuilding style and be used to creatively illuminatepedestrian areas and highlight building elements.

FixturesFull cutoff or fully shielded fixtures shallbe used in order to avoid light being directedupwards. Zero candela intensity shall occur at anangle of 90 or greater above nadir. Additionally,no more than 10% candela intensity shall occur atan angle greater than 80 above nadir.

Pedestrian AreasPedestrian areas should haveadequate illumination for safety.

RetailLighting should integrate with retailsignage, storefront windows and other buildingelements.

ResidentialLighting should be sensitive to nearbydevelopment by: Limiting glare. Minimizing light spill beyond the propertyboundary. Within a development, common outdoor lightingshould be designed to mitigate light trespass into

adjacent units.

Energy ConsumptionSensor or timer-based shut off controls should be usedfor residential, pedestrian and parking areas.

Signage

All signage shall adhere to the most recent City of Nelson Sign Bylaw.

When a Development Permit application is made for significant alterations to anexisting building or for new construction, the signage concept should be

incorporated into the overall design of the building and be complementary to theoverall design scheme. In such instances a separate Sign Permit will not berequired when signage is approved as part of a Development Permit.

Murals may be permitted, subject to site specific review and as per city bylaws,policies and guidelines.


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Franchises and Chainstores

Whereas it is recognized that certain corporate and franchise businesses haveparticular identifying logos, letter styles, and/or colours etc. that are key to theiridentity - such elements are considered as subservient to the greater aesthetic

objectives of the community and should be suitably modified to suite the City ofNelsons over-all design criteria (particularly within tourism sensitive heritageareas).

Awnings & Canopies

Awnings and canopies contribute to store identity,provide outdoor shelter, and in some cases providethe structure for storefront signage. Awnings shouldadd to the overall appearance of a building, yet notbe a dominant feature of the faade.

LocationAwnings and canopies are encouragedon all buildings with street oriented retail at grade to form a continuous shelteredenvironment for pedestrians. Other commercial, light industrial and multi-unitapartment residential uses shall have awnings overtop of main entrances.

Types permitted3-point, 4-point, quarter barrel and dome awnings andcanopies are permitted; awnings may be retractable or fixed.

Top surface angleThe top surface shall maintain a minimum angle of 30 fromhorizontal in order to facilitate snow removal; 3560 is preferred.

ClearanceA minimum vertical clearance of 2.5m from sidewalk height shall beprovided.

ProjectionAwnings and canopies shall project a minimum of 1.25m from theprimary building faade, yet not project more than 75% of the width of a publicsidewalk.

Materials & colourMaterials should be of highquality and durable. Brightand/or translucent vinyl is not

permitted. The colourscheme should complementthe building faade. The useof white as the primarybackground colour is stronglydiscouraged.

Awning signsTypeface on


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awnings or canopies should have a maximum height of 30cm.

3.3.2.d. Sustainable Design

Sustainable development practices are highlyencouraged as a means to implement the Path to2040 sustainability principles. Buildings and theirassociated landscapes should utilize industry-leadingsustainability features. Innovative sustainableapproaches at all levels are strongly encouraged. Avariety of standards and guidelines are describedbelow to ensure that baseline practices are followed.For additional information refer to the Low CarbonPath to 2040: Community Energy and Emissions

Action Plan.

SITE DESIGN

Stormwater TreatmentWater quality storm runofffrom development parcels shall be treated before draining to the stormwatersystem utilizing low impact development treatment measures. For volume basedtreatment methods, the LEED sustainable sites Credit 6.2 shall be followed.

Car Wash BaysConsideration of on-site car wash bays for multi-unit residentialbuildings or commercial uses when appropriate, with drainage and waste watertreatment to be designed to meet best practices and be acceptable to the City ofNelson.

RecyclingDedicated recycling facilities are required for all buildings or multi-unit developments.

Site DesignBuilding form, orientation and thermal mass should optimize solarradiation, natural ventilation and day lighting. Consideration of designing sitesand building orientation to maximize passive solar energy gain and/or solarcollection as well as summer cooling. Techniques can include:

Building orientation;

Location of windows on the south facing faade to optimize solar gain;

Minimize windows on the north facing to limit heat loss;

Use window overhands and/or fixed operable shading devices to controlsolar gain; and

Choose roof shape and orientation to maximize passive solar gain andopportunities for solar energy collection.

Creating Alternative Transportation RoutesConsideration of pedestrian andcycling pathways to encourage alternative modes of transportation at a site level,and also in order to create and connect to the community networks.


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Shared AmenitiesIncreasing the amount shared multi-purpose amenity spaceand using shared spaces to encourage activities that contribute to GHGreductions. Measures can include:

Promoting covered outdoor multi-purpose areas for recreation, air-drying

laundry and storing bicycles, strollers and garden equipment. Provide areas for recycling collection, composting and waste disposal that

are appropriately sized, easily accessible and have capacity for futureexpansion.


LANDSCAPING

Climate Appropriate VegetationAll landscaping for common open spaces,

rooftop gardens and green walls should use climate appropriate vegetation thatdoes not require permanent irrigation, with an emphasis on native or naturalisedspecies and drought tolerant plants. Use of low-maintenance, salt tolerantspecies along streets, sidewalks and other public spaces.

Planting TreesConsideration of planting trees to store carbon, reduce waterrun-off, buffer windstorms and mitigate summer heating impacts.

Landscaping for Passive Solar Gain and CoolingConsideration of the plantingor removal of trees to maximize passive solar gain, natural ventilation and naturalcooling, and to increase the entry of natural light into buildings. This can include

the careful selection and planting of deciduous and coniferous trees inappropriate locations to maximise efficiencies.

Retaining and Restoring Natural VegetationConsider retaining and restoringhigh-value natural vegetation to support effective rainwater management.Measures can include:

Assessing the development site for high-value natural vegetation thatprovides effective stormwater management.

Design the development so that high-value natural vegetation and soil areretained.

Restore high-value natural vegetation using plants suited to the climate

and soil conditions. Replace trees that were removed during site development with trees

suited to the climate and soil conditions.

Enhancing the Topsoil LayerConsider providing sufficient topsoil to promotewell-rooted landscaping that requires less irrigation and stays green longerduring drought conditions. Measures can include:


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Retaining and/or adding a healthy, absorbent topsoil layer sufficientlydeep to allow for well-rooted planting and reduced irrigation requirements.

Paved Areas PlantingConsideration of planting trees and other vegetationalong streets, in parking areas, and in other paved open spaces to provide

shade, store carbon and reduce local urban heat build-up.

Permeable SurfacesConsider using permeable paving surface materials toincrease rainwater infiltration and recharge groundwater supply. Materials suchas:

Permeable pavers

Bark mulch and wood chips

Permeable asphalt

Paving strips instead of large areas (for driveways, etc.)

Rainwater Collection Features and SystemsConsider using naturalised ponds,

bioswales or rain gardens to collect, store and/or attenuate the flow of rainwaterand potentially re-use rainwater to irrigate non-edible plants and landscaping.Installing above-ground or below-ground rainwater collection systems to capture,store and potentially re-use rainwater to irrigate non-edible plants andlandscaping.

Windbreak PlantingConsideration of planting trees and other vegetationaround buildings to act as a windbreak against cold winter winds and to directcooling summer breezes where appropriate.

Water EfficiencyThe following is encouraged to increase water efficiency:

Use landscaping that does not require permanent irrigation or applicationof synthetic chemicals.

Rainwater is encouraged to be harvested for on-site uses such asirrigation.

Use water efficient supply and waste fixtures.

Permeable and/or Reflective SurfacesConsider using permeable paving and/orreflective materials to reduce heat absorption and heat build-up by allowing waterto infiltrate the ground and evaporate, cooling the paved surfaces andsurrounding air. Measures can include:

Use permeable or porous paving materials and/or light-coloured reflective

paving materials (e.g. white asphalt, concrete made with white cementmixtures, light-coloured pavers) for sidewalk, driveways, roads andparking lots.

Limit impervious paving and/or dark coloured absorptive materials forsidewalks, driveways, roads and parking lots.

Retaining walls - lock block and gabion style retaining walls are not consideredappropriate for commercial and multi-unit residential development. Materials


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such as concrete, allan block or sierra slope systems should be considered forcommercial and multi-unit residential developments and be subject to anygeotechnical engineering as may be required.

Landscape Plan - For major developments, particularly those with significant

frontages or involving numerous multi-unit residential dwelling units, thelandscape plan shall be prepared by a certified by a member of the BritishColumbia Society of Landscape Architects, or by a landscape designprofessional if considered appropriate.

BUILDING

Landfill DiversionConstruction of new buildings and demolition of existingbuildings are encouraged to divert at least 60% of generated debris and wastefrom landfill, with a goal of a 75% diversion rate.

Built FormExplore ways to use the building form to maximize energyperformance, including solar energy use and passive ventilation and cooling, andminimize unwanted solar gain and adverse wind effects. Measures can include:

Vary height, rooflines and massing to reduce shade on neighbourhoodbuildings and optimize sun exposure for heat gain and daylight.

Use building shapes that minimize adverse wind effects and optimizeconditions for passive ventilation and cooling.

Locate accessory buildings, fences, or trees to serve as windbreaks.

Design and orient south-facing roofs and walls to maximize passive solargain and create opportunities for solar energy collection.

Use deep window overhangs and/or fixed adjustable external shades on

south-facing facades that can block out high angle summer sun and allowentry of low-angle winter sun.

Locate windows on south-facing facades for maximum solar gain.Minimize glazing on north-facing facades.

Locate operable windows to maximize natural ventilation, ideally onopposing or adjacent walls, to create cross-breezes.

Heat IslandsReduce heat-islands by providing rooftop landscaping and lightcoloured / high albedo materials.

Water EfficiencyThe following is encouraged to increase water efficiency:

Use water efficient supply and waste fixtures.

ENERGY

Exterior LightingUsing timerand/or sensor controlled energy efficient exteriorlighting systems to provide light only when required. Also, consider using lightingsystems that are powered by renewable energy sources. Consider lighting


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fixtures which are dark sky compliant in order to reduce light spill and lightpollution.

Alternative TransportationConsider providing infrastructure that promotes theuse of alternative transportation. Measures can include:

Install on-site electrical car charging stations. On-site renewable energy generation such as solar panels or wind

turbines as the source for energy.

Short and long-term bicycle parking.

On-Site Energy GenerationConsider using on-site renewable energygeneration systems to supply electricity, heating and cooling energy to buildingsand other structures, water pumps, sewage pumps and/or charging stations forelectric vehicles.

District Energy SystemsConsider the feasibility of developing or connecting to

a district energy system to distribute thermal ener

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