section 9.1 energy and life•sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •membrane proteins pump...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Section 9.1Energy and Life
![Page 2: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Standard
• LS1.8 Create a model of photosynthesis demonstrating the net flow of matter and energy into a cell. Use the model to explain energy transfer from light energy into stored chemical energy in the product.
![Page 3: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I Can…
• LS 1.8 I can develop a model to explain the flow of matter and energy in photosynthesis.
![Page 4: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Key Questions
1. How do molecules of ATP store and provide energy for the cell?
2. Describe the transformation of energy that occurs during photosynthesis.
Vocabulary
• ATP
• Photosynthesis
![Page 5: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chemical Energy and ATP
• Energy is the ability to do work.
• All living cells store energy in the chemical bonds of certain compounds.
• Whether they get their energy from food or sunlight
• One of the most important compounds…ATP
![Page 6: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Storing Energy
• ATP = adenosine triphosphate
• ATP has three parts: • Adenine
• A 5-carbon sugar called ribose
• Three phosphate groups (key to storing and releasing energy)
• ADP = adenosine diphosphate
• Has two phosphate groups instead of three
• Energy is stored when a phosphate group is added to ADP to make ATP
![Page 7: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Releasing Energy
• ATP can release and store energy by breaking and re-forming the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups.
• ATP is exceptionally useful as a basic energy source for all cells.
• ATP functions like a rechargeable battery.
![Page 8: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How Cells Use ATP (examples)
• Carry out active transport • Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane
• Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell.
• ATP provides energy to keep this pump working
• Enables cells to move• ATP provides power for motor proteins that contract muscle and
powers the wavelike movements of cilia and flagella
![Page 9: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How Cells Use ATP (examples)
• Energy in ATP can be transferred to other molecules in the cell • Protein synthesis
• Responses to chemical signals on the cell’s surface
• Energy in ATP can be converted into light• The “blinking” of a firefly comes from an enzyme that is powered
by ATP
![Page 10: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ATP Use
• You would think cells would be packed with ATP, since it is such a useful source of energy… not the case.
• Most cells only have a small amount of ATP.
• It is a great molecule for transferring energy, but not good for storinglarge amounts of energy over time.
![Page 11: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ATP Use
• One molecule of glucose stores more than 90 times the energy required to add a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP.
• It is more efficient for cells to keep a small amount of ATP.
• Instead, cells regenerate ATP from ADP as needed (by using the energy in foods- like sugar).
![Page 12: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
• Cell have to produce ATP constantly because it is used quickly.
• Where do living things get the energy to make ATP?
• Heterotrophs – organisms that obtain energy by consuming other living things• Eating plants
• Eating animals
• Absorbing nutrients from decomposing organisms in the environment
![Page 13: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
• Autotrophs – organisms that can make their own food
• Ultimately… nearly all life on Earth depends on the ability of autotrophs to capture and convert the energy from sunlight to synthesize high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches)
• This process is known as photosynthesis. • Plants convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds
of carbohydrates.
![Page 14: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Section 9.1 Exit Ticket
1. How do molecules of ATP store and provide energy for the cell?
2. Describe the transformation of energy that occurs during photosynthesis.
3. Explain how a rechargeable battery can be used as a model of ADP and ATP.
![Page 15: Section 9.1 Energy and Life•Sodium-potassium pump in cell membrane •Membrane proteins pump sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. •ATP provides](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052800/5f0f81c77e708231d4448142/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The End