Chapter 9

Sections 3-4

World Trade• French & British War gave Americans opportunity to trade

throughout the world

War w/ Tripoli• Barbary Coast pirates– Demanded tribute from Americans if they wanted ships to pass safely

– Tribute: Protection money

– Thomas Jefferson refuses; Tripoli declares war

War w/ Tripoli• Tripoli agreed to stop demanding tribute once United States

paid $60,000

Jefferson wins reelection

Sea Events• French & British preoccupied with war– Americans has neutral rights: the right to sail the seas & not take

sides– Prosperous time of trade

Sea Events• Brits practiced impressment on Americans

– (British killed people on American ship Chesapeake, which caused an uproar)

Sea Events• Embargo Act (1807)– Prohibited trade with all countries– FAIL

• Nonintercourse Act (1809)– Only prohibited trade with Britain

James Madison takes office (1808)

Frontier Conflicts• Ohio becomes a state– Americans settle into lands guaranteed to Natives

• Tecumseh & ‘Prophet’ uniting tribes to fight Americans• Battle of Tippecanoe– William Henry Harrison defeats Natives

• Natives made alliance with Britain

War is Coming• War Hawks- Republicans who wanted war– (John Calhoun & Henry Clay)

• Nationalism- Loyalty to country

• Americans declare war against Britain– (Britain ended Search & Seizure of American policies)

War of 1812• Lake Erie – Oliver Hazard Perry defeated British ships

• Battle of Thames– Tecumseh killed in Detroit

• United States used:– Frigates: warships– Privateers: Armed private ships

War of 1812• Battle of Horseshoe Bend– Andrew Jackson defeated last of the Natives

War of 1812• Britain takes Washington D.C.– Total war- Destroy and burn everything

War of 1812• Britain leaves D.C. & attacks near Baltimore– 13,000 militiamen hold off Brits in Fort McHenry

– Francis Scott Key- Wrote “Star Spangled Banner”

War of 1812• Battle of Plattsburgh– Americans thwart British attack by naval bombardment

War of 1812• Treaty of Ghent– No border changes

American Nationalism• Hartford Convention– Federalists gathered to oppose war hawk ideals– FAIL: Federalists became less popular• They were considered unpatriotic

• Strong sense of Patriotism & National identity

War Hawk ideals• Demo-Republicans• Strong national government• Favored: 1. Trade

2. Westward expansion3. Strong military4. Fast economy