Secure Wireless HomeSecure Wireless Home Networks

Area 2 SIRPresentationNov. 18, 2004Nov. 18, 2004

Dean Steichen Br. 8

T pical Home Comp te Set pTypical Home Computer Setup

And No T o o mo e PC’sAnd Now - Two or more PC’s

One a to connect themOne way to connect them

Anothe Wa to ConnectAnother Way to Connect

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)g ( )

Yet anothe a to net o kYet another way to network

Why???

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My Recommended Home Net o k La o tNetwork Layout

Benefits of a Home Net o kBenefits of a Home Network

Share Internet Access (2 or more PC’s)Share devices (printers, webcams,Share devices (printers, webcams, scanners, CD & DVD drives, etc.Share or exchange files and dataShare or exchange files and data storageBackup other computer’s dataBackup other computer s dataOthers

T pical Home Net o ksTypical Home Networks

Wired (Ethernet)Two or More PC’sMixed PC Types (Mac IBM etc ) and Op SystemsMixed PC Types (Mac, IBM, etc.) and Op Systems

WirelessOne or more computersOne or more computersMixed PC Types and Op Systems

Combination of Wired and WirelessOne or more computersMixed PC types and Op Systems

Essentials for Internet Access Sha ingSharing

If you use my Recommended Layout and a Cable Modem, it should work “out of the b ” If DSL M d illbox”. If you use a DSL Modem, you will have to program your Router with your account ID and Password so it can “login”account ID and Password so it can loginThe default settings provide you with Network Address Translation (NAT) DHCPNetwork Address Translation (NAT), DHCP, and usually implement minimal input or output filteringp g

Net o k Add ess T anslationNetwork Address Translation

Share one Internet Address with several Local PC’s

T pical Home Net o k NATTypical Home Network NAT

Or by DHCP of Router

Router

Dynamic Host Configuration P otocol (DHCP)Protocol (DHCP)

DHCP enables the residential gateway, 4-port Router or ICS to assign IP addresses to client computers automatically.By default, when a 4-port Router or ICS is installed, the DHCP service begins s sta ed, t e C se ce beg ssupplying addresses to computers on the network.

Essentials fo Home Net o kEssentials for Home Network

Each computer must have a unique nameEach computer must use the same

Workgroup nameWorkgroup name Files and/or directories (folders) to be shared must be setup to be shared on the computermust be setup to be shared on the computer which hosts the file..each WIN xx does it a little differentlyDevices to be shared must be setup to be shared on the computer which hosts the device (e g printer)device (e.g. printer)

File and P int Sha ing Set pFile and Print Sharing Setup

WIN XP use “Network Setup Wizard”WIN 2000, and others ???WIN 2000, and others ???WIN 98se use “Settings, Control Panel, Network [Configuration IdentificationNetwork, [Configuration, Identification and Access Control]”

Accessing Your Other Comp te ’s Files & De icesComputer’s Files & Devices

WIN XP “Start, My Network Places, and select a file, directory, etc.”WIN 98se “Network Neighborhood, select Computer name and select se ect Co pute a e a d se ectshared files and directories”

Recommended Wired Home Net o k Sec itNetwork Security

Wh Wi eless?Why Wireless?

Convenience no wires to run to PC’s, Easy to install

Fle ibilitFlexibility full PC mobility throughout house & Laptops

Cost (2 PC’s)Cost (2 PC s)Under $50 for 802.11B (11Mb/sec)Under $100 for 802.11G (54 Mb/sec)

SecurityAdequate if configured correctly (change SSID, Use WEP and now WPA)Use WEP and now WPA)

Wireless Requirements(Minim m)(Minimum)

Broadband Network Service (Cable / DSL)

Cable/DSL ModemWireless Network Adaptor for each

t PC/l tremote PC/laptopWireless Access Point( usually USB connection for administration)OR WIN XP with ICS

Minim m Wi eless Set pMinimum Wireless Setup

Typical Wireless Home Net o kNetwork

Common T pes of Wi elessCommon Types of Wireless

802-11A802-11B (11Mbps - Most common)802 11B (11Mbps Most common)802-11G (54Mbps - backwards compatible to B)compatible to B)802-11 SuperG and variantsO hOthers

Bluetooth

Net o k SpeedsNetwork SpeedsA R l T f TiA prox R eal Transfer T im es:

Com m on N am e U sed W ith Tim e to Transfer 1 M egabyte Tim e to transfer 50 M egabytes

28.8K bps M odem s 6-12 M in 4.8-9.6 H rs

56.6K bps M odem s 3-6 M in 2.4-4.8 H rsp

128K bps ISD N 1-3 M in 1-2.1 hrs

460K bps Som e Cable M odem s 22-43 Sec 18-36 M in

1M bps H om ePN A 1.0**, Som e Cable M odes 10-20 Sec 8-16 M in

1.6M bps H om eRF** 6-13 Sec 5-10 M in

10M bps Ethernet, H om ePN A 2.0** 1-2 Sec 50-100 Sec

100M bps Fast E thernet 1 Sec 5-10 Sec*

H ow fast is it (real world)?

A full strength 802.11b signal w ill get you about 3.5-4.5 M bps w ithout W EP enabled. W ith W EP enabled, expect 2.5-3.5 M bps. A s you put w alls and distance betw een your w ireless adapter and your access point, your speed w ill drop. D on’t expect to put m ore than a few w alls betw een you and your access pointand your access point.

Recommended Wireless Config ationConfiguration

4 Port Wireless Router 802.11G(Combination of Wireless Access Point and 4 (

Port Router for Wired Connections)Provides Firewall Protections -- Address

Translation (NAT), DHCP, VPN Pass-through, Content Filtering, Domain Bl ki S h d li WEP d thBlocking, Scheduling, WEP, and other security features.

Essential Wi eless Ha d a eEssential Wireless Hardware

4-Port Router Front 4-Port Router Rear

USB Wireless Adaptor PCI Wireless Card USB Wireless Adaptor

My Recommended Home Net o k La o tNetwork Layout

An Example of 4-Port Wireless Ro teRouter

Wi eless Sec it Conce nsWireless Security Concerns

Broadcast of your data for others to seeProvide Internet Service to others in your neighborhoodAccess to your network and computers by outsiders thru your Wireless Access Point which is behind your Router (Fi ll)(Firewall)Other ???

What can be done to Secure o Wi eless Home Net o kyour Wireless Home Network

Use a Wireless Router instead of just a Wireless Access PointChange the default SSIDDisable Broadcast of the SSIDDisable Broadcast of the SSIDUse 128 Bit or higher WEP encryption U WPA i if il blUse WPA encryption if available

Wi eless Ro te Config ationWireless Router Configuration

READ THE MANUALRouter Usually accessed using your Browser (Internet Explorer, Netscape, etc.)Use address of http://192.168.0.1 with Browser (usual default addr. for Router)Or “Telnet 192.168.0.1” at a cmd prompt

Sample Ro te LoginSample Router Login

Ro te Config ation (cont 2)Router Configuration (cont. 2)

Enter your default userid and passwordMy Netgear uses “admin” for the default userid

d “1234” f th d f lt dand “1234” for the default password

Use the Setup Wizard if it is availableF ll th t h th id dFollow the menu to change the userid and passwordFollow the menu to change the SSID and toFollow the menu to change the SSID and to enable WEP encryption and/or WPA

Sample Ro te Main MenSample Router Main Menu

Ro te Config ation (Cont 3)Router Configuration (Cont. 3)

Remember that you must change each Wireless PC to match the SSID and the WEP Encryption when you change them at the Router.I suggest you not change any of the defaults until you have at least one de au ts u t you a e at east o ewireless PC working with the defaults.

Sample Router Wireless Config ation Sc eenConfiguration Screen

Use your own SSID

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

SSID and WEP Key########################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Sample Wi eless Ro te DHCPSample Wireless Router DHCP

Note my choice of range

Common Wi eless B andsCommon Wireless Brands

LinksysNetgearNetgearDlinkBelkinBelkinMicrosoftothers

Wi eless Home Net o k LinksWireless Home Network Links

http://www.homenethelp.com/home-network.asphttp://www homenethelp com/http://www.homenethelp.com/http://www.homenethelp.com/web/diagram/index aspdex.asphttp://www.homenethelp.com/web/howto/net.asphttp://www.cert.org/tech_tips/home_networks.html

Q estions?Questions?