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Security

Annex 17

to the Convention on

International Civil Aviation

This edition incorporates all amendmentsadopted by the Council prior to 1 December 2005and supersedes, on 1 July 2006, all previouseditions of Annex 17.

For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices,see Foreword.

International Civil Aviation Organization

International Standards

and Recommended Practices

Eighth EditionApril 2006

Safeguarding International Civil AviationAgainst Acts of Unlawful Interference

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Russian Federation. Aviaizdat, 48, Ivan Franko Street, Moscow 121351 / Telephone: +7 095 417-0405; Facsimile: +7 095 417-0254Senegal. Directeur régional de l’OACI, Bureau Afrique occidentale et centrale, Boîte postale 2356, Dakar

Téléphone: +221 839 9393; Fax: +221 823 6926; Sitatex: DKRCAYA; Courriel: [email protected]. Air Traffic Services of the Slovak Republic, Letové prevádzkové sluzby Slovenskej Republiky, State Enterprise,

Letisko M.R. Stefánika, 823 07 Bratislava 21 / Telephone: +421 7 4857 1111; Facsimile: +421 7 4857 2105South Africa. Avex Air Training (Pty) Ltd., Private Bag X102, Halfway House, 1685, Johannesburg

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Catalogue of ICAO Publicationsand Audio-visual Training Aids

Issued annually, the Catalogue lists all publications and audio-visual training aids currently available. Supplements to the Catalogue announce new publications and audio-visual training aids, amendments, supplements, reprints, etc.

Available free from the Document Sales Unit, ICAO.

11/06

Published in separate English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the International Civil AviationOrganization. All correspondence, except orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretary General.

Security

Annex 17

to the Convention on

International Civil Aviation

This edition incorporates all amendmentsadopted by the Council prior to 1 December 2005and supersedes, on 1 July 2006, all previouseditions of Annex 17.

For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices,see Foreword.

International Civil Aviation Organization

International Standards

and Recommended Practices

Eighth EditionApril 2006

Safeguarding International Civil AviationAgainst Acts of Unlawful Interference

AMENDMENTS

The issue of amendments is announced regularly in the ICAO Journal and in theSupplements to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications and Audio-visual TrainingAids, which holders of this publication should consult. The space below is providedto keep a record of such amendments.

RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA

AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA

No.Date

applicableDate

enteredEntered

by No.Date

of issueDate

enteredEntered

by

1-11 Incorporated in this Edition 1 28/7/06 — ICAO

(ii)

ANNEX 17 (iii) 1/7/06

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Page

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (v)

CHAPTER 1. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

CHAPTER 2. General principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.2 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.3 Security and facilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.4 International cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.5 Equipment, research and development . . . 2-2

CHAPTER 3. Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 National organization and appropriateauthority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2 Airport operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13.3 Aircraft operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13.4 Quality control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

CHAPTER 4. Preventive security measures . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.2 Measures relating to access control . . . . . . 4-14.3 Measures relating to aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.4 Measures relating to passengers and their

cabin baggage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.5 Measures relating to hold baggage . . . . . . 4-24.6 Measures relating to cargo, mail

and other goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24.7 Measures relating to special categories

of passengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

CHAPTER 5. Management of response to acts ofunlawful interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1 Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.2 Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.3 Exchange of information and reporting . . . 5-2

ATTACHMENT TO ANNEX 17

Extracts from Annex 2 — Rules of the Air . . . . . . . . ATT-1Extracts from Annex 6 — Operation of Aircraft,

Part I — International Commercial AirTransport — Aeroplanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-2

Extracts from Annex 8 — Airworthiness ofAircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-3

Extracts from Annex 9 — Facilitation. . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-4Extracts from Annex 10 — Aeronautical

Telecommunications, Volume IV (SurveillanceRadar and Collision Avoidance Systems) . . . . . . . ATT-6

Extracts from Annex 11 — Air Traffic Services . . . . ATT-6Extracts from Annex 13 — Aircraft Accident and

Incident Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-8Extracts from Annex 14 — Aerodromes,

Volume I — Aerodrome Design and Operations . ATT-8Extracts from Annex 18 — The Safe Transport

of Dangerous Goods by Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-11Extracts from Doc 9284 — Technical

Instructions for the Safe Transport ofDangerous Goods by Air. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-12

Extracts from the Procedures for Air NavigationServices — Air Traffic Management (Doc 4444). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-12

Extracts from the Procedures for Air NavigationServices — Aircraft Operations (Doc 8168),Volume I — Flight Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATT-15

ANNEX 17 (v) 1/7/06

FOREWORD

Historical background

The material included in this Annex was developed by theCouncil pursuant to the following two resolutions of theAssembly:

Resolution A17-10: Implementation by States of Security Specifications and Practices adopted by this Assembly and further work by ICAO

related to such Specifications and Practices

. . . . . .

THE ASSEMBLY:

. . . . . .

(3) REQUESTS the Council, with the assistance of the otherconstituent bodies of the Organization, to develop and incorporate,as appropriate, the material in the Appendices to this Resolution asStandards, Recommended Practices and Procedures in existing ornew Annexes or other regulatory documents or guidance materialof the Organization.

Resolution A18-10: Additional Technical Measures for the Protection of the Security of

International Civil Air Transport

. . . . . .

THE ASSEMBLY:

(1) REQUESTS the Council to ensure, with respect to the technicalaspects of air transportation security, that:

(a) the subject of air transportation security continues to be givenadequate attention by the Secretary General, with a prioritycommensurate with the current threat to the security of airtransportation;

. . . . . .

Following the work of the Air Navigation Commission, theAir Transport Committee and the Committee on UnlawfulInterference, and as a result of the comments received fromContracting States and interested International Organizations,to whom draft material had been circulated, Standards andRecommended Practices on Security were adopted by theCouncil on 22 March 1974, pursuant to the provisions ofArticle 37 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation,and designated as Annex 17 to the Convention with the title“Standards and Recommended Practices — Security —

Safeguarding International Civil Aviation against Acts ofUnlawful Interference”.

Table A shows the origin of subsequent amendments togetherwith a list of the principal subjects involved and the dates onwhich the Annex and the amendments were adopted by theCouncil, when they became effective and when they becameapplicable.

Introduction

In order that a comprehensive document may be available toStates for implementation of the security measures prescribedby this Annex, an Attachment hereto reproduces extracts fromother Annexes, Technical Instructions for the Safe Transportof Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284), PANS-ATM andPANS-OPS bearing on the subject of action to be taken byStates to prevent unlawful interference with civil aviation, orwhen such interference has been committed.

Guidance material

The Security Manual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation AgainstActs of Unlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted) providesdetailed procedures and guidance on aspects of aviation securityand is intended to assist States in the implementation of theirrespective national civil aviation security programmes requiredby the specifications in the Annexes to the Convention onInternational Civil Aviation.

Action by Contracting States

Applicability. The provisions of the Standards and Recom-mended Practices in this document are to be applied byContracting States.

Notification of differences. The attention of ContractingStates is drawn to the obligation imposed by Article 38 of theConvention, by which Contracting States are required to notifythe Organization of any differences between their nationalregulations and practices and the International Standards con-tained in this Annex and any amendments thereto. ContractingStates are invited to keep the Organization currently informedof any differences which may subsequently occur, or of thewithdrawal of any difference previously notified. A specificrequest for notification of differences will be sent to ContractingStates immediately after the adoption of each amendment to thisAnnex.

Annex 17 — Security Foreword

1/7/06 (vi)

Contracting States are also invited to extend such notifi-cation to any differences from the Recommended Practicescontained in this Annex, and any amendment thereto, when thenotification of such differences is important for the safety ofair navigation.

Attention of States is also drawn to the provisions ofAnnex 15 related to the publication of differences betweentheir national regulations and practices and the related ICAOStandards and Recommended Practices through the Aeronaut-ical Information Service, in addition to the obligation of Statesunder Article 38 of the Convention.

Promulgation of information. Information relating to theestablishment and withdrawal of and changes to facilities,services and procedures affecting aircraft operations providedaccording to the Standards and Recommended Practicesspecified in this Annex should be notified and take effect inaccordance with Annex 15.

Use of the text of the Annex in national regulations. TheCouncil, on 13 April 1948, adopted a resolution inviting theattention of Contracting States to the desirability of using intheir own national regulations, as far as practicable, the preciselanguage of those ICAO Standards that are of a regulatorycharacter and also of indicating departures from the Standards,including any additional national regulations that were import-ant for the safety or regularity of air navigation. Whereverpossible, the provisions of this Annex have been written insuch a way as would facilitate incorporation, without majortextual changes, into national legislation.

General information

An Annex is made up of the following component parts, notall of which, however, are necessarily found in every Annex;they have the status indicated:

1.— Material comprising the Annex proper:

a) Standards and Recommended Practices adopted bythe Council under the provisions of the Convention.They are defined as follows:

Standard: Any specification for physical character-istics, configuration, matériel, performance, personnelor procedure, the uniform application of which isrecognized as necessary for the safety or regularity ofinternational air navigation and to which ContractingStates will conform in accordance with the Con-vention; in the event of impossibility of compliance,notification to the Council is compulsory underArticle 38 of the Convention.

Recommended Practice: Any specification for physi-cal characteristics, configuration, matériel, perform-ance, personnel or procedure, the uniform applicationof which is recognized as desirable in the interests of

safety, regularity or efficiency of international airnavigation, and to which Contracting States willendeavour to conform in accordance with theConvention.

b) Appendices comprising material grouped separatelyfor convenience but forming part of the Standardsand Recommended Practices adopted by the Council.

c) Definitions of terms used in the Standards andRecommended Practices which are not self-explana-tory in that they do not have accepted dictionarymeanings. A definition does not have an independentstatus but is an essential part of each Standard andRecommended Practice in which the term is used,since a change in the meaning of the term wouldaffect the specification.

2.— Material approved by the Council for publication inassociation with the Standards and Recommended Practices:

a) Forewords comprising historical and explanatorymaterial based on the action of the Council andincluding an explanation of the obligations of Stateswith regard to the application of the Standards andRecommended Practices ensuing from the Conventionand the Resolution of Adoption.

b) Introductions comprising explanatory material intro-duced at the beginning of parts, chapters or sectionsof the Annex to assist in the understanding of theapplication of the text.

c) Notes included in the text, where appropriate, to givefactual information or references bearing on the Stan-dards or Recommended Practices in question, but notconstituting part of the Standards or RecommendedPractices.

d) Attachments comprising material supplementary tothe Standards and Recommended Practices, orincluded as a guide to their application.

This Annex has been adopted in six languages — English,Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish. Each Con-tracting State is requested to select one of those texts for thepurpose of national implementation and for other effectsprovided for in the Convention, either through direct use orthrough translation into its own national language, and tonotify the Organization accordingly.

The following practice has been adhered to in order toindicate at a glance the status of each statement: Standards havebeen printed in light face roman; Recommended Practices havebeen printed in light face italics, the status being indicated bythe prefix Recommendation; Notes have been printed in lightface italics, the status being indicated by the prefix Note.

Any reference to a portion of this document which isidentified by a number includes all subdivisions of that portion.

Foreword Annex 17 — Security

(vii) 1/7/06

Table A. Amendments to Annex 17

Amendment Source(s) Subject(s)

AdoptedEffective

Applicable

1st Edition Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolutions A17-10 and A18-10

— 22 March 1974 22 August 197427 February 1975

1 Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A21-23

Change in status of 3.1.2 and 5.1.2 to a Standard; compilation and dissemination of information related to an aircraft being subjected to an act of unlawful interference.

31 March 197631 July 197630 December 1976

2 Proposals of some States and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A22-17

Transfer of specifications appearing in Chapter 9 of Annex 9 — Facilitation (Seventh Edition) to Annex 17; new provision in Chapter 5 concerning measures to be taken to control transfer and transit passengers and their cabin baggage; and amplification of the note to 5.2.4 (Annex 17, Chapter 5) on measures and procedures to prevent unauthorized access to specified areas on an aerodrome.

15 December 197715 April 197810 August 1978

3 Proposals of some States and the Secretariat and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A22-17

Specifications were added on the review of the level of threat by States, the development of training programmes, the isolation of security processed passengers, the inspection of aircraft for concealed weapons or other dangerous devices and the adoption of measures for the safety of passengers and crew of unlawfully diverted aircraft. A number of specifications were amplified and the status of one was changed to a Standard, related to the segregation and special guarding of aircraft liable to attack during stopovers.

13 December 197813 April 197929 November 1979

4(2nd Edition)

Proposals of some States and an international organization and Council action inpursuance of Assembly Resolution A22-17

A specification was added on the transportation of persons in custody, and two specifications revised to provide for aircraft which were leased, chartered or interchanged. The status of a specification dealing with the safety of passengers and crew of an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful interference was changed to a Standard; the provisions of a specification dealing with the prevention of sabotage were amplified and Chapter 1 — Applicability, deleted.

15 June 1981 15 October 1981 26 November 1981

5 Proposals of theCommittee on Unlawful Interference and Council action inpursuance of AssemblyResolution A22-17

The note to Chapter 1 — Definitions was deleted. A specification setting out the action required for the transportation of weapons on board aircraft by law enforcement and other duly authorized persons was modified. A specification on the carriage of weapons in all other cases was added and the note to a specification dealing with the safeguarding of unattended aircraft was clarified.

30 November 198414 April 1985 21 November 1985

6(3rd Edition)

Proposals of the Committee on Unlawful Interference with the assistance of an Ad Hoc Group of Experts — Unlawful Interference and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A22-17

On the instruction of the Council this amendment was undertaken as a matter of urgency by the Committee on Unlawful Interference with the assistance of an Ad Hoc Group of Experts on aviation security which had been appointed on the instruction of the Council. As a consequence 11 new specifications were introduced into the Annex and 19 specifications were adopted as Standards.

Special effective and applicable dates for 5.1.4 are shown in the adjacent column.

The Council recommended that those States that are able to implement the substance of 5.1.4 do so as soon as it is feasible and practicable before the applicable date.

19 December 1985 19 March 1986 19 May 1986

19 October 198719 December 1987

Annex 17 — Security Foreword

1/7/06 (viii)

7(4th Edition)

Proposals of the Committee on Unlawful Interference with the assistance of the Aviation Security Panel and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A26-7

This amendment includes: a) a reorganization of the chapters of the Annex directed at a rationalization of the sequence of objectives, obligations and necessary actions relating to organization, preventive security measures and management of response; b) the introduction of important new provisions to reflect developments and assist States in confronting new situations which arose from grave acts of unlawful interference against civil aviation, since the last revision of Annex 17 in 1985; and c) the amendment or fine tuning of existing provisions consequential to a) and b), as well as to reflect the experience gained in the implementation of such measures.

22 June 1989 30 October 1989 16 November 1989

8(5th Edition)

Proposals of the Committee on Unlawful Interference with the assistance of the Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP) and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A27-7

This amendment includes the introduction of important new provisions in relation to the comprehensive security screening of checked baggage, security control over cargo, courier and express parcels and mail, variations to procedures relating to security programmes, pre-flight checks of international aircraft, and measures relating to the incorporation of security consideration into airport design for the purpose of assisting States in the consistent and uniform implementation of such measures.

11 September 1992 16 December 19921 April 1993

9(6th Edition)

Proposals of theCommittee on Unlawful Interference with the assistance of the Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP) and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A31-4

This amendment includes the introduction of new provisions in relation to the pre-employment checks and capabilities of persons engaged in implementing security controls, baggage accountability and authorization, measures to be applied to catering supplies and operators’ stores and supplies, tests for programme effectiveness, and need for notification to the State of known or presumed destination of aircraft under a seized condition.

12 November 199631 March 19971 August 1997

10(7th Edition)

Proposals of the Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP) and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A33-1

This amendment includes the introduction of various definitions and new provisions in relation to the applicability of this Annex to domestic operations, international cooperation relating to threat information, appropriate authority, National Aviation Security Committee, national quality control, access control, passengers and their cabin and hold baggage, in-flight security personnel and protection of the cockpit, code-sharing/collaborative arrangements, Human Factors and manage-ment of response to acts of unlawful interference. The status of a number of specifications was changed to Standards.

7 December 200115 April 20021 July 2002

11(8th Edition)

Proposals of the Committee onUnlawful Interference with the assistance ofthe Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP) and Council action in pursuance of Assembly Resolution A35-9

This amendment includes provisions to further clarify the wording of existing Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) to facilitate both their common interpretation by Contracting States and their ease of auditing under the ICAO Universal Security Audit Programme (USAP). The amendment addresses the following: applicability of Annex 17; reinforcement of national civil aviation security control programme provisions; in-flight security officers (IFSOs); general aviation and aerial work; one-stop security concept for passengers and baggage; risk assessment concept; security for all-cargo operations; and definitions.

30 November 200510 April 20061 July 2006

Amendment Source(s) Subject(s)

AdoptedEffective

Applicable

ANNEX 17 1-1 1/7/06

CHAPTER 1. DEFINITIONS

Acts of unlawful interference. These are acts or attemptedacts such as to jeopardize the safety of civil aviation and airtransport, i.e.:

• unlawful seizure of aircraft in flight,

• unlawful seizure of aircraft on the ground,

• hostage-taking on board aircraft or on aerodromes,

• forcible intrusion on board an aircraft, at an airport oron the premises of an aeronautical facility,

• introduction on board an aircraft or at an airport of aweapon or hazardous device or material intended forcriminal purposes,

• communication of false information such as to jeop-ardize the safety of an aircraft in flight or on theground, of passengers, crew, ground personnel or thegeneral public, at an airport or on the premises of acivil aviation facility.

Aerial work. An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is usedfor specialized services such as agriculture, construction,photography, surveying observation and patrol, search andrescue, aerial advertisement, etc.

Aircraft security check. An inspection of the interior of an air-craft to which passengers may have had access and aninspection of the hold for the purposes of discovering sus-picious objects, weapons, explosives or other dangerousdevices, articles and substances.

Aircraft security search. A thorough inspection of the interiorand exterior of the aircraft for the purpose of discoveringsuspicious objects, weapons, explosives or other dangerousdevices, articles or substances.

Airside. The movement area of an airport, adjacent terrain andbuildings or portions thereof, access to which is controlled.

Background check. A check of a person’s identity andprevious experience, including where legally permissible,any criminal history, as part of the assessment of an indi-vidual’s suitability to implement a security control and/orfor unescorted access to a security restricted area.

Cargo. Any property carried on an aircraft other than mail,stores and accompanied or mishandled baggage.

Certification. A formal evaluation and confirmation by or onbehalf of the appropriate authority for aviation security thata person possesses the necessary competencies to performassigned functions to an acceptable level as defined by theappropriate authority.

Commercial air transport operation. An aircraft operationinvolving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail forremuneration or hire.

Corporate aviation. The non-commercial operation or use ofaircraft by a company for the carriage of passengers orgoods as an aid to the conduct of company business, flownby a professional pilot employed to fly the aircraft. (Notethat corporate aviation is a subset of general aviation.)

Disruptive passenger. A passenger who fails to respect therules of conduct at an airport or on board an aircraft or tofollow the instructions of the airport staff or crew membersand thereby disturbs the good order and discipline at anairport or on board the aircraft.

General aviation operation. An aircraft operation other than acommercial air transport operation or an aerial workoperation.

Human Factors principles. Principles which apply to design,certification, training, operations and maintenance and whichseek safe interface between the human and other systemcomponents by proper consideration to human performance.

Human performance. Human capabilities and limitationswhich have an impact on the safety, security and efficiencyof aeronautical operations.

Regulated agent. An agent, freight forwarder or any otherentity who conducts business with an operator and providessecurity controls that are accepted or required by theappropriate authority in respect of cargo or mail.

Screening. The application of technical or other means whichare intended to identify and/or detect weapons, explosivesor other dangerous devices, articles or substances whichmay be used to commit an act of unlawful interference.

Note.— Certain dangerous articles or substances areclassified as dangerous goods by Annex 18 and the associatedTechnical Instructions for the Safe Transport of DangerousGoods by Air (Doc 9284) and must be transported in

Annex 17 — Security Chapter 1

1/7/06 1-2

accordance with those instructions. In addition, the SecurityManual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Acts ofUnlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted) provides a listof prohibited items that must never be carried in the cabin ofan aircraft.

Security. Safeguarding civil aviation against acts of unlawfulinterference. This objective is achieved by a combination ofmeasures and human and material resources.

Security audit. An in-depth compliance examination of allaspects of the implementation of the national civil aviationsecurity programme.

Security control. A means by which the introduction ofweapons, explosives or other dangerous devices, articles orsubstances which may be used to commit an act of unlawfulinterference can be prevented.

Security inspection. An examination of the implementation ofrelevant national civil aviation security programme require-ments by an airline, airport, or other entity involved insecurity.

Security restricted area. Those areas of the airside of anairport which are identified as priority risk areas where inaddition to access control, other security controls areapplied. Such areas will normally include, inter alia, allcommercial aviation passenger departure areas between thescreening checkpoint and the aircraft, the ramp, baggagemake-up areas, including those where aircraft are beingbrought into service and screened baggage and cargo arepresent, cargo sheds, mail centres, airside catering andaircraft cleaning premises.

Security survey. An evaluation of security needs includingthe identification of vulnerabilities which could be exploitedto carry out an act of unlawful interference, and therecommendation of corrective actions.

Security test. A covert or overt trial of an aviation securitymeasure which simulates an attempt to commit an unlawfulact.

Unidentified baggage. Baggage at an airport, with or withouta baggage tag, which is not picked up by or identified witha passenger.

ANNEX 17 2-1 1/7/06

CHAPTER 2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

2.1 Objectives

2.1.1 Each Contracting State shall have as its primaryobjective the safety of passengers, crew, ground personnel andthe general public in all matters related to safeguarding againstacts of unlawful interference with civil aviation.

2.1.2 Each Contracting State shall establish an organiz-ation and develop and implement regulations, practices andprocedures to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawfulinterference taking into account the safety, regularity andefficiency of flights.

2.1.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that such anorganization and such regulations, practices and procedures:

a) protect the safety of passengers, crew, ground personneland the general public in all matters related to safe-guarding against acts of unlawful interference withcivil aviation; and

b) are capable of responding rapidly to meet anyincreased security threat.

2.1.4 Recommendation.— Each Contracting State shouldensure appropriate protection of aviation security information.

Note 1.— Guidance material on achieving civil aviationsecurity objectives through application of the Standards andRecommended Practices in the following chapters is to be foundin the Security Manual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation AgainstActs of Unlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted).

Note 2.— The comprehensive aviation security trainingmaterial to assist States in achieving civil aviation securityobjectives is contained in the ICAO Training Programme forAviation Security comprising a series of Aviation SecurityTraining Packages (ASTPs).

2.2 Applicability

2.2.1 Each Contracting State shall apply the Standardsand shall endeavour to apply the Recommended Practices con-tained in Annex 17 to international civil aviation operations.

2.2.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that measuresdesigned to safeguard against acts of unlawful interference areapplied to domestic operations to the extent practicable, basedupon a security risk assessment carried out by the relevantnational authorities.

2.3 Security and facilitation

Recommendation.— Each Contracting State should wheneverpossible arrange for the security controls and procedures tocause a minimum of interference with, or delay to the activitiesof, civil aviation provided the effectiveness of these controlsand procedures is not compromised.

2.4 International cooperation

2.4.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that requestsfrom other Contracting States for additional security measuresin respect of a specific flight(s) by operators of such otherStates are met, as far as may be practicable. The requestingState shall give consideration to alternative measures of theother State that are equivalent to those requested.

2.4.2 Each Contracting State shall cooperate with otherStates in the development and exchange of information con-cerning national civil aviation security programmes, trainingprogrammes and quality control programmes, as necessary.

2.4.3 Each Contracting State shall establish and implementprocedures to share with other Contracting States threat infor-mation that applies to the aviation security interests of thoseStates, to the extent practicable.

2.4.4 Each Contracting State shall establish and implementsuitable protection and handling procedures for security infor-mation shared by other Contracting States, or security infor-mation that affects the security interests of other ContractingStates, in order to ensure that inappropriate use or disclosure ofsuch information is avoided.

2.4.5 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould share, as appropriate, and consistent with its sover-eignty, the results of the audit carried out by ICAO and thecorrective actions taken by the audited State if requested byanother State.

2.4.6 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould include in each of its bilateral agreements on air trans-port a clause related to aviation security, taking into accountthe model clause developed by ICAO.

2.4.7 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould make available to other Contracting States on requesta written version of the appropriate parts of its national civilaviation security programme.


1/7/06 2-2

2.4.8 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould notify ICAO where it has shared information under2.4.5.

2.5 Equipment, researchand development

2.5.1 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould promote research and development of new securityequipment, processes and procedures which will better achieve

civil aviation security objectives and should cooperate withother Contracting States in this matter.

2.5.2 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that the development of new security equipmenttakes into consideration Human Factors principles.

Note.— Guidance material regarding Human Factorsprinciples can be found in the manual on Human Factors inCivil Aviation Security Operations (Doc 9808) and in Part 1,Chapter 4, of the Human Factors Training Manual (Doc 9683).

ANNEX 17 3-1 1/7/06

CHAPTER 3. ORGANIZATION

3.1 National organization andappropriate authority

3.1.1 Each Contracting State shall establish and implementa written national civil aviation security programme to safe-guard civil aviation operations against acts of unlawful interfer-ence, through regulations, practices and procedures which takeinto account the safety, regularity and efficiency of flights.

3.1.2 Each Contracting State shall designate and specifyto ICAO an appropriate authority within its administration tobe responsible for the development, implementation andmaintenance of the national civil aviation security programme.

3.1.3 Each Contracting State shall keep under constantreview the level of threat to civil aviation within its territory,and establish and implement policies and procedures to adjustrelevant elements of its national civil aviation security pro-gramme accordingly, based upon a security risk assessmentcarried out by the relevant national authorities.

Note.— Guidance material regarding threat assessmentand risk management methodologies can be found in theSecurity Manual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Actsof Unlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted).

3.1.4 Each Contracting State shall require the appropriateauthority to define and allocate tasks and coordinate activitiesbetween the departments, agencies and other organizations ofthe State, airport and aircraft operators and other entities con-cerned with or responsible for the implementation of variousaspects of the national civil aviation security programme.

3.1.5 Each Contracting State shall establish a nationalaviation security committee or similar arrangements for thepurpose of coordinating security activities between the depart-ments, agencies and other organizations of the State, airportand aircraft operators and other entities concerned with orresponsible for the implementation of various aspects of thenational civil aviation security programme.

3.1.6 Each Contracting State shall require the appropriateauthority to ensure the development and implementation of anational training programme for personnel of all entitiesinvolved with or responsible for the implementation of variousaspects of the national civil aviation security programme. Thistraining programme shall be designed to ensure the effective-ness of the national civil aviation security programme.

3.1.7 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that trainers and training programmes meetstandards defined by the appropriate authority.

3.1.8 Each Contracting State shall ensure that theappropriate authority arranges for the supporting resources andfacilities required by the aviation security services to beavailable at each airport serving civil aviation.

3.1.9 Each Contracting State shall make available to itsairport and aircraft operators operating in its territory and otherentities concerned, a written version of the appropriate parts ofits national civil aviation security programme and/or relevantinformation or guidelines enabling them to meet the require-ments of the national civil aviation security programme.

3.2 Airport operations

3.2.1 Each Contracting State shall require each airportserving civil aviation to establish, implement and maintain awritten airport security programme appropriate to meet therequirements of the national civil aviation security programme.

3.2.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that an auth-ority at each airport serving civil aviation is responsible forcoordinating the implementation of security controls.

3.2.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that an airportsecurity committee at each airport serving civil aviation isestablished to assist the authority mentioned under 3.2.2 in itsrole of coordinating the implementation of security controlsand procedures as specified in the airport security programme.

3.2.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that airportdesign requirements, including architectural and infrastructure-related requirements necessary for the implementation of thesecurity measures in the national civil aviation security pro-gramme, are integrated into the design and construction of newfacilities and alterations to existing facilities at airports.

3.3 Aircraft operators

3.3.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that com-mercial air transport operators providing service from thatState have established, implemented and maintained a writtenoperator security programme that meets the requirements ofthe national civil aviation security programme of that State.

3.3.2 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that each entity conducting general aviation


1/7/06 3-2

operations, including corporate aviation operations, using air-craft with a maximum take-off mass greater than 5 700 kg, hasestablished, implemented and maintained a written operatorsecurity programme that meets the requirements of thenational civil aviation security programme of that State.

3.3.3 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that each entity conducting aerial work oper-ations has established, implemented and maintained a writtenoperator security programme that meets the requirements ofthe national civil aviation security programme of that State.The programme shall contain operations features specific tothe type of operations conducted.

3.3.4 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould take into account the ICAO model as a basis for oper-ators’ or entities’ security programmes under 3.3.1, 3.3.2 and3.3.3.

3.3.5 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould require operators providing service from that State andparticipating in code-sharing or other collaborative arrange-ments with other operators to notify the appropriate authorityof the nature of these arrangements, including the identity ofthe other operators.

3.4 Quality control

3.4.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the personsimplementing security controls are subject to backgroundchecks and selection procedures.

3.4.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the personsimplementing security controls possess all competenciesrequired to perform their duties and are appropriately trainedaccording to the requirements of the national civil aviationsecurity programme and that appropriate records are main-tained up to date. Relevant standards of performance shall beestablished and initial and periodic assessments shall beintroduced to maintain those standards.

3.4.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the personscarrying out screening operations are certified according to therequirements of the national civil aviation security programmeto ensure that performance standards are consistently andreliably achieved.

3.4.4 Each Contracting State shall require the appropriateauthority to develop, implement and maintain a national civilaviation security quality control programme to determine

compliance with and validate the effectiveness of its nationalcivil aviation security programme.

3.4.5 Each Contracting State shall ensure that theimplementation of security measures is regularly subjected toverification of compliance with the national civil aviationsecurity programme. The priorities and frequency of monitor-ing shall be determined on the basis of risk assessment carriedout by the relevant authorities.

3.4.6 Each Contracting State shall arrange for securityaudits, tests, surveys and inspections to be conducted on a reg-ular basis, to verify compliance with the national civil aviationsecurity programme and to provide for the rapid and effectiverectification of any deficiencies.

3.4.7 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the man-agement, setting of priorities and organization of the nationalcivil aviation security quality control programme shall beundertaken independently from the entities and personsresponsible for the implementation of the measures takenunder the national civil aviation security programme. EachContracting State shall also:

a) ensure that the personnel carrying out security audits,tests, surveys and inspections are trained to appropriatestandards for these tasks in accordance with thenational civil aviation security programme;

b) ensure that the personnel carrying out security audits,tests, surveys and inspections are afforded the necess-ary authority to obtain information to carry out thesetasks and to enforce corrective actions;

c) supplement the national civil aviation security qualitycontrol programme by establishing a confidentialreporting system for analysing security informationprovided by sources such as passengers, crew andground personnel; and

d) establish a process to record and analyse the results ofthe national civil aviation security quality control pro-gramme, to contribute to the effective development andimplementation of the national civil aviation securityprogramme, including identifying the causes and pat-terns of non-compliance and verifying that correctiveactions have been implemented and sustained.

3.4.8 Each Contracting State concerned with an act ofunlawful interference shall require its appropriate authority tore-evaluate security controls and procedures and in a timelyfashion take action necessary to remedy weaknesses so as toprevent recurrence. These actions shall be shared with ICAO.

ANNEX 17 4-1 1/7/06

CHAPTER 4. PREVENTIVE SECURITY MEASURES

4.1 Objective

Each Contracting State shall establish measures to preventweapons, explosives or any other dangerous devices, articles orsubstances, which may be used to commit an act of unlawfulinterference, the carriage or bearing of which is not authorized,from being introduced, by any means whatsoever, on board anaircraft engaged in civil aviation.

4.2 Measures relating to access control

4.2.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the accessto airside areas at airports serving civil aviation is controlledin order to prevent unauthorized entry.

4.2.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that securityrestricted areas are established at each airport serving civilaviation designated by the State based upon a security riskassessment carried out by the relevant national authorities.

4.2.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that identi-fication systems are established in respect of persons andvehicles in order to prevent unauthorized access to airsideareas and security restricted areas. Identity shall be verified atdesignated checkpoints before access is allowed to airsideareas and security restricted areas.

4.2.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that backgroundchecks are conducted on persons other than passengers grantedunescorted access to security restricted areas of the airport priorto granting access to security restricted areas.

4.2.5 Each Contracting State shall ensure that themovement of persons and vehicles to and from the aircraft issupervised in security restricted areas in order to preventunauthorized access to aircraft.

4.2.6 Each Contracting State shall ensure that, at a mini-mum, a proportion of persons other than passengers beinggranted access to security restricted areas, together with itemscarried, are screened. The proportion shall be determined inaccordance with risk assessment carried out by the relevantnational authorities.

4.2.7 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that identity documents issued to aircraft crewmembers provide a harmonized and reliable internationalbasis for recognition and validation of documentation topermit authorized access to airside and security restricted

areas by conforming to the relevant specifications set forth inDoc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents.

4.2.8 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that checks specified in 4.2.4 be reapplied on aregular basis to all persons granted unescorted access tosecurity restricted areas.

4.3 Measures relating to aircraft

4.3.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that aircraftsecurity checks of originating aircraft engaged in commercialair transport movements are performed or an aircraft securitysearch is carried out. The determination of whether it is an air-craft security check or a search that is appropriate shall bebased upon a security risk assessment carried out by therelevant national authorities.

4.3.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that measuresare taken to ensure that passengers of commercial flightsdisembarking from the aircraft at any time do not leave itemson board the aircraft.

4.3.3 Each Contracting State shall require its commercialair transport operators to take measures as appropriate to ensurethat during flight unauthorized persons are prevented fromentering the flight crew compartment.

Note.— Provisions for security of the flight crew compart-ment of aircraft engaged in commercial air transportation arecontained in Annex 6, Part I, Chapter 13, Section 13.2.

4.3.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that an aircraftsubject to 4.3.1 is protected from unauthorized interferencefrom the time the aircraft search or check has commenced untilthe aircraft departs.

4.3.5 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that security controls are established to preventacts of unlawful interference with aircraft when they are not insecurity restricted areas.

4.4 Measures relating to passengersand their cabin baggage

4.4.1 Each Contracting State shall establish measures toensure that originating passengers of commercial air transport


1/7/06 4-2

operations and their cabin baggage are screened prior toboarding an aircraft departing from a security restricted area.

4.4.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that transferpassengers of commercial air transport operations and theircabin baggage are screened prior to boarding an aircraft,unless it has established a validation process and continuouslyimplements procedures, in collaboration with the otherContracting State where appropriate, to ensure that such pass-engers and their cabin baggage have been screened to anappropriate level at the point of origin and subsequentlyprotected from unauthorized interference from the point ofscreening at the originating airport to the departing aircraft atthe transfer airport.

Note.— See guidance material on this issue in the SecurityManual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Acts ofUnlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted).

4.4.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that passengersand their cabin baggage which have been screened areprotected from unauthorized interference from the point ofscreening until they board their aircraft. If mixing or contactdoes take place, the passengers concerned and their cabinbaggage shall be re-screened before boarding an aircraft.

4.4.4 Each Contracting State shall establish at an airportmeasures for transit operations to protect transit passengers’cabin baggage from unauthorized interference and protect theintegrity of the security of the airport of transit.

4.5 Measures relating to hold baggage

4.5.1 Each Contracting State shall establish measures toensure that originating hold baggage is screened prior to beingloaded onto an aircraft engaged in commercial air transportoperations departing from a security restricted area.

4.5.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that all holdbaggage to be carried on a commercial aircraft is protectedfrom unauthorized interference from the point it is screened oraccepted into the care of the carrier, whichever is earlier, untildeparture of the aircraft on which it is to be carried. If theintegrity of hold baggage is jeopardized, the hold baggageshall be re-screened before being placed on board an aircraft.

4.5.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that commer-cial air transport operators do not transport the baggage ofpassengers who are not on board the aircraft unless thatbaggage is identified as unaccompanied and subjected toadditional screening.

4.5.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that transferhold baggage is screened prior to being loaded onto an aircraftengaged in commercial air transport operations, unless it hasestablished a validation process and continuously implementsprocedures, in collaboration with the other Contracting State

where appropriate, to ensure that such hold baggage has beenscreened at the point of origin and subsequently protectedfrom unauthorized interference from the originating airport tothe departing aircraft at the transfer airport.

Note.— See guidance material on this issue in the SecurityManual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Acts ofUnlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted).

4.5.5 Each Contracting State shall ensure that aircraftcommercial air transport operators transport only items ofhold baggage which have been individually identified asaccompanied or unaccompanied, screened to the appropriatestandard and accepted for carriage on that flight by the aircarrier. All such baggage should be recorded as meeting thesecriteria and authorized for carriage on that flight.

4.5.6 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould establish procedures to deal with unidentified baggagein accordance with a security risk assessment carried out bythe relevant national authorities.

4.6 Measures relating tocargo, mail and other goods

4.6.1 Each Contracting State shall ensure that securitycontrols are applied to cargo and mail, prior to their beingloaded onto an aircraft engaged in passenger commercial airtransport operations.

4.6.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that cargo andmail to be carried on a passenger commercial aircraft are pro-tected from unauthorized interference from the point securitycontrols are applied until departure of the aircraft.

4.6.3 Each Contracting State shall establish a process forapproval of regulated agents, if such agents are involved inimplementing security controls.

4.6.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that operatorsdo not accept cargo or mail for carriage on an aircraft engagedin passenger commercial air transport operations unless theapplication of security controls is confirmed and accounted forby a regulated agent, or such consignments are subjected toappropriate security controls.

4.6.5 Each Contracting State shall ensure that catering,stores and supplies intended for carriage on passenger com-mercial flights are subjected to appropriate security controlsand thereafter protected until loaded onto the aircraft.

4.6.6 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that security controls to be applied to cargo andmail for transportation on all-cargo aircraft are determined onthe basis of a security risk assessment carried out by therelevant national authorities.

Chapter 4 Annex 17 — Security

4-3 1/7/06

4.7 Measures relating to special categories of passengers

4.7.1 Each Contracting State shall develop requirementsfor air carriers for the carriage of potentially disruptive pass-engers who are obliged to travel because they have been thesubject of judicial or administrative proceedings.

Note.— See guidance material on this issue found in theSecurity Manual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Actsof Unlawful Interference (Doc 8973 — Restricted).

4.7.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure that operatorsproviding service from that State include in their security pro-grammes, measures and procedures to ensure safety on boardtheir aircraft when passengers are to be carried who areobliged to travel because they have been the subject of judicialor administrative proceedings.

4.7.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the aircraftoperator and the pilot-in-command are informed when pass-engers are obliged to travel because they have been the subjectof judicial or administrative proceedings, in order thatappropriate security controls can be applied.

4.7.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the carriageof weapons on board aircraft, by law enforcement officers and

other authorized persons, acting in the performance of theirduties, requires special authorization in accordance with thelaws of the States involved.

4.7.5 Each Contracting State shall consider requests byany other State to allow the travel of armed personnel, includ-ing in-flight security officers, on board aircraft of operators ofthe requesting State. Only after agreement by all Statesinvolved shall such travel be allowed.

4.7.6 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the carriageof weapons in other cases is allowed only when an authorizedand duly qualified person has determined that they are notloaded, if applicable, and then only if stowed in a placeinaccessible to any person during flight time.

4.7.7 Each Contracting State that decides to deploy in-flight security officers shall ensure that they are governmentpersonnel who are specially selected and trained, taking intoaccount the safety and security aspects on board an aircraft anddeployed according to the threat assessment of the competentauthority. The deployment of such officers shall be coordinatedwith concerned States and kept strictly confidential.

4.7.8 Each Contracting State shall ensure that the pilot-in-command is notified as to the number of armed persons andtheir seat location.

ANNEX 17 5-1 1/7/06

CHAPTER 5. MANAGEMENT OF RESPONSE TO ACTS OFUNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE

5.1 Prevention

5.1.1 Each Contracting State shall establish measures,when reliable information exists that an aircraft may besubjected to an act of unlawful interference, to safeguard theaircraft if it is still on the ground and to provide as much priornotification as possible of the arrival of such aircraft to rel-evant airport authorities and air traffic services of the Statesconcerned if the aircraft has already departed.

5.1.2 Each Contracting State shall ensure, when reliableinformation exists that an aircraft may be subjected to an actof unlawful interference, that the aircraft is searched forconcealed weapons, explosives or other dangerous devices,articles or substances. Prior notification of the search shall beprovided to the operator concerned.

5.1.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that arrange-ments are made to investigate, render safe and/or dispose of,if necessary, suspected dangerous devices or other potentialhazards at airports.

5.1.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that contin-gency plans are developed and resources made available tosafeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference.The contingency plans shall be tested on a regular basis.

5.1.5 Each Contracting State shall ensure that authorizedand suitably trained personnel are readily available for deploy-ment at its airports serving civil aviation to assist in dealingwith suspected, or actual, cases of unlawful interference withcivil aviation.

5.2 Response

5.2.1 Each Contracting State shall take appropriatemeasures for the safety of passengers and crew of an aircraft,which is subjected to an act of unlawful interference, while onthe ground in the territory of the Contracting State, until theirjourney can be continued.

5.2.2 Each Contracting State responsible for providing airtraffic services for an aircraft, which is the subject of an act ofunlawful interference, shall collect all pertinent information onthe flight of that aircraft and transmit that information to allother States responsible for the air traffic services units con-cerned, including those at the airport of known or presumed

destination, so that timely and appropriate safeguarding actionmay be taken en route and at the aircraft’s known, likely orpossible destination.

5.2.3 Each Contracting State shall provide assistance toan aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful seizure, includingthe provision of navigation aids, air traffic services and per-mission to land as may be necessitated by the circumstances.

5.2.4 Each Contracting State shall take measures, as it mayfind practicable, to ensure that an aircraft subjected to an act ofunlawful seizure which has landed in its territory is detained onthe ground unless its departure is necessitated by the overridingduty to protect human life. However, these measures need torecognize the grave hazard attending further flight. States shallalso recognize the importance of consul-tations, wherever prac-ticable, between the State where that aircraft has landed and theState of the Operator of the aircraft, and notification by theState where the aircraft has landed to the States of assumed orstated destination.

5.2.5 Each Contracting State in which an aircraft subjectedto an act of unlawful interference has landed shall notify by themost expeditious means the State of Registry of the aircraft andthe State of the Operator of the landing and shall similarlytransmit by the most expeditious means all other relevantinformation to:

a) the two above-mentioned States;

b) each State whose citizens suffered fatalities or injuries;

c) each State whose citizens were detained as hostages;

d) each State whose citizens are known to be on board theaircraft; and

e) the International Civil Aviation Organization.

5.2.6 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould ensure that information received as a consequence ofaction taken in accordance with 5.2.2 is distributed locally tothe air traffic services units concerned, the appropriate airportadministrations, the operator and others concerned as soon aspracticable.

5.2.7 Recommendation.— Each Contracting State shouldcooperate with other States for the purpose of providing a jointresponse in connection with an act of unlawful interference.When taking measures in their territory to free passengers andcrew members of an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful


1/7/06 5-2

interference, each Contracting State should use, as necessary,the experience and capability of the State of the Operator, theState of manufacture and the State of Registry of that aircraft.

5.3 Exchange of information and reporting

5.3.1 Each Contracting State concerned with an act ofunlawful interference shall provide ICAO with all pertinent

information concerning the security aspects of the act ofunlawful interference as soon as practicable after the act isresolved.

5.3.2 Recommendation.— Each Contracting Stateshould exchange information with other Contracting States asconsidered appropriate on the management of response to anact of unlawful interference, at the same time supplying suchinformation to ICAO.

ANNEX 17 ATT-1 1/7/06

ATTACHMENT TO ANNEX 17

CHAPTER 3. GENERAL RULES

. . . . . .

3.7 Unlawful interference

An aircraft which is being subjected to unlawful interferenceshall endeavour to notify the appropriate ATS unit of this fact,any significant circumstances associated therewith and anydeviation from the current flight plan necessitated by thecircumstances, in order to enable the ATS unit to give priorityto the aircraft and to minimize conflict with other aircraft.

Note 1.— Responsibility of ATS units in situations ofunlawful interference is contained in Annex 11.

Note 2.— Guidance material for use when unlawfulinterference occurs and the aircraft is unable to notify an ATSunit of this fact is contained in Attachment B to this Annex.

Note 3.— Action to be taken by SSR-equipped aircraftwhich are being subjected to unlawful interference iscontained in Annex 11, the PANS-ATM (Doc 4444) and thePANS-OPS (Doc 8168).

Note 4.— Action to be taken by CPDLC-equipped aircraftwhich are being subjected to unlawful interference iscontained in Annex 11, the PANS-ATM (Doc 4444), andguidance material on the subject is contained in the Manual ofAir Traffic Services Data Link Applications (Doc 9694).

. . . . . .

ATTACHMENT B. UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE

1. General

The following procedures are intended as guidance for use byaircraft when unlawful interference occurs and the aircraft isunable to notify an ATS unit of this fact.

2. Procedures

2.1 Unless considerations aboard the aircraft dictateotherwise, the pilot-in-command should attempt to continueflying on the assigned track and at the assigned cruising levelat least until able to notify an ATS unit or within radarcoverage.

2.2 When an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawfulinterference must depart from its assigned track or its assignedcruising level without being able to make radiotelephonycontact with ATS, the pilot-in-command should, wheneverpossible:

a) attempt to broadcast warnings on the VHF emergencyfrequency and other appropriate frequencies, unlessconsiderations aboard the aircraft dictate otherwise.Other equipment such as on-board transponders and datalinks should also be used when it is advantageous to doso and circumstances permit; and

b) proceed in accordance with applicable special proceduresfor in-flight contingencies, where such procedures havebeen established and promulgated in the RegionalSupplementary Procedures (Doc 7030); or

c) if no applicable regional procedures have been estab-lished, proceed at a level which differs from the cruisinglevels normally used for IFR flight by:

1) 150 m (500 ft) in an area where a vertical separationminimum of 300 m (1 000 ft) is applied; or

2) 300 m (1 000 ft) in an area where a vertical separationminimum of 600 m (2 000 ft) is applied.

Note.— Action to be taken by an aircraft which is interceptedwhile being subject to an act of unlawful interference isprescribed in 3.8 of this Annex.

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 2 — RULES OF THE AIR

Annex 17 — Security Attachment

1/7/06 ATT-2

CHAPTER 13. SECURITY*

13.1 Domestic commercial operations

Recommendation.— International Standards andRecommended Practices set forth in this Chapter should beapplied by all Contracting States also in case of domesticcommercial operations (air services).

13.2 Security of the flight crew compartment

13.2.1 In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flightcrew compartment door, this door shall be capable of beinglocked, and means shall be provided by which cabin crew candiscreetly notify the flight crew in the event of suspiciousactivity or security breaches in the cabin.

13.2.2 From 1 November 2003, all passenger-carryingaeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excessof 45 500 kg or with a passenger seating capacity greater than60 shall be equipped with an approved flight crewcompartment door that is designed to resist penetration bysmall arms fire and grenade shrapnel, and to resist forcibleintrusions by unauthorized persons. This door shall be capableof being locked and unlocked from either pilot’s station.

13.2.3 In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flightcrew compartment door in accordance with 13.2.2:

a) this door shall be closed and locked from the time allexternal doors are closed following embarkation untilany such door is opened for disembarkation, exceptwhen necessary to permit access and egress byauthorized persons; and

b) means shall be provided for monitoring from eitherpilot’s station the entire door area outside the flight crewcompartment to identify persons requesting entry and todetect suspicious behaviour or potential threat.

13.2.4 Recommendation.— All passenger-carryingaeroplanes should be equipped with an approved flight crewcompartment door, where practicable, that is designed to resistpenetration by small arms fire and grenade shrapnel, and toresist forcible intrusions by unauthorized persons. This doorshould be capable of being locked and unlocked from eitherpilot’s station.

13.2.5 Recommendation.— In all aeroplanes which areequipped with a flight crew compartment door in accordancewith 13.2.4:

a) the door should be closed and locked from the time allexternal doors are closed following embarkation untilany such door is opened for disembarkation, except whennecessary to permit access and egress by authorizedpersons; and

b) means should be provided for monitoring from eitherpilot’s station the entire door area outside the flight crewcompartment to identify persons requesting entry and todetect suspicious behaviour or potential threat.

13.3 Aeroplane search procedure checklist

An operator shall ensure that there is on board a checklist ofthe procedures to be followed in searching for a bomb in caseof suspected sabotage and for inspecting aeroplanes forconcealed weapons, explosives or other dangerous deviceswhen a well-founded suspicion exists that the aeroplane maybe the object of an act of unlawful interference. The checklistshall be supported by guidance on the appropriate course ofaction to be taken should a bomb or suspicious object be foundand information on the least-risk bomb location specific to theaeroplane.

13.4 Training programmes

13.4.1 An operator shall establish and maintain anapproved security training programme which ensures crewmembers act in the most appropriate manner to minimize theconsequences of acts of unlawful interference. As a minimum,this programme shall include the following elements:

a) determination of the seriousness of any occurrence;

b) crew communication and coordination;

c) appropriate self-defense responses;

d) use of non-lethal protective devices assigned to crewmembers whose use is authorized by the State of theOperator;

e) understanding of behaviour of terrorists so as tofacilitate the ability of crew members to cope withhijacker behaviour and passenger responses;

f) live situational training exercises regarding variousthreat conditions;

g) flight deck procedures to protect the aeroplane; and

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 6 — OPERATION OF AIRCRAFTPART I — INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT — AEROPLANES

Attachment Annex 17 — Security

ATT-3 1/7/06

h) aeroplane search procedures and guidance on least-riskbomb locations where practicable.

13.4.2 An operator shall also establish and maintain atraining programme to acquaint appropriate employees withpreventive measures and techniques in relation to passengers,baggage, cargo, mail, equipment, stores and supplies intendedfor carriage on an aeroplane so that they contribute to theprevention of acts of sabotage or other forms of unlawfulinterference.

13.5 Reporting acts of unlawful interference

Following an act of unlawful interference, the pilot-in-command shall submit, without delay, a report of such an actto the designated local authority.

13.6 Miscellaneous

13.6.1 Recommendation.— Specialized means ofattenuating and directing the blast should be provided for useat the least-risk bomb location.

13.6.2 Recommendation.— Where an operator acceptsthe carriage of weapons removed from passengers, theaeroplane should have provision for stowing such weapons ina place so that they are inaccessible to any person duringflight time.

* In the context of this Chapter, the word ‘‘security’’ is used in thesense of prevention of illicit acts against civil aviation.

CHAPTER 11. SECURITY

11.1 Aeroplanes used for domesticcommercial operations

Recommendation.— International Standards and Recom-mended Practices set forth in this chapter should be applied byall Contracting States for aeroplanes engaged in domesticcommercial operations (air services).

11.2 Least-risk bomb location

For aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass inexcess of 45 500 kg or with a passenger seating capacitygreater than 60 and for which the application for certificationwas submitted on or after 12 March 2000, consideration shallbe given during the design of the aeroplane to the provision ofa least-risk bomb location so as to minimize the effects of abomb on the aeroplane and its occupants.

11.3 Protection of the flight crew compartment

Recommendation.— In all aeroplanes, which are required byAnnex 6, Part I, Chapter 13 to have an approved flight crewcompartment door, and for which an application for amending

the Type Certificate to include a derivative type design issubmitted to the appropriate national authority, considerationshould be given to reinforcing the flight crew compartmentbulkheads, floors and ceilings so as to resist penetration bysmall arms fire and grenade shrapnel and to resist forcibleintrusions, if these areas are accessible in flight to passengersand cabin crew.

Note.— Standards and Recommended Practices concerningthe requirements for the flight crew compartment door in allcommercial passenger-carrying aeroplanes are contained inAnnex 6, Part I, Chapter 13.

11.4 Interior design

For aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass inexcess of 45 500 kg or with a passenger seating capacitygreater than 60 and for which the application for certificationwas submitted on or after 12 March 2000, consideration shallbe given to design features that will deter the easy conceal-ment of weapons, explosives or other dangerous objects onboard aircraft and that will facilitate search procedures forsuch objects.

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 8 — AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT


1/7/06 ATT-4

CHAPTER 2. ENTRY AND DEPARTUREOF AIRCRAFT

A. General

. . . . . .

2.2 In developing procedures aimed at the efficientclearance of entering or departing aircraft, Contracting Statesshall take into account the application of aviation security andnarcotics control measures, where appropriate.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 3. ENTRY AND DEPARTUREOF PERSONS AND THEIR BAGGAGE

A. General

. . . . . .

3.2 In developing procedures aimed at the efficient appli-cation of border controls on passengers and crew, ContractingStates shall take into account the application of aviation secur-ity, border integrity, narcotics control and immigration controlmeasures, where appropriate.

. . . . . .

3.4 Contracting States shall not extend the validity oftheir machine readable travel documents.

Note 1.— Specifications for machine readable travel docu-ments (Doc 9303, Series) do not permit alteration of theexpiration date and other data in the machine readable zone.

Note 2. — States whose national legislation or regulationscurrently allow for the extension of the period of validity shouldundertake to amend the appropriate text in a reasonableperiod.

. . . . . .

C. Security of travel documents

. . . . . .

3.7 Contracting States shall regularly update security fea-tures in new versions of their travel documents, to guard

against their misuse and to facilitate detection of cases wheresuch documents have been unlawfully altered, replicated orissued.

3.8 Contracting States shall establish controls on thecreation and issuance of travel documents in order to safe-guard against the theft of their stocks and the misappropriationof newly issued travel documents.

3.9 Recommended Practice.— Contracting Statesshould incorporate biometric data in their machine readablepassports, visas and other official travel documents, using oneor more optional data storage technologies to supplement themachine readable zone, as specified in Doc 9303, MachineReadable Travel Documents. The required data stored on theintegrated circuit chip is the same as that printed on the datapage, that is, the data contained in the machine-readable zoneplus the digitized photographic image. Fingerprint image(s)and/or iris image(s) are optional biometrics for ContractingStates wishing to supplement the facial image with anotherbiometric in the passport. Contracting States incorporatingbiometric data in their Machine Readable Passports are tostore the data in a contactless integrated circuit chip comply-ing with ISO/IEC 14443 and programmed according to theLogical Data Structure as specified by ICAO.

D. Travel documents

3.10 Contracting States shall begin issuing only MachineReadable Passports in accordance with the specifications ofDoc 9303, Part 1, no later than 1 April 2010.

Note.—This provision does not intend to preclude the issu-ance of non-machine readable passports or temporary traveldocuments of limited validity in cases of emergency.

3.10.1 For. passports issued after 24 November 2005 andwhich are not machine readable, Contracting States shallensure the expiration date falls before 24 November 2015.

. . . . . .

I. Inspection of travel documents

3.31 Contracting States shall assist aircraft operators inthe evaluation of travel documents presented by passengers, inorder to deter fraud and abuse.

. . . . . .

3.33 Aircraft operators shall take necessary precautions atthe point of embarkation to ensure that passengers are in

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 9 — FACILITATION


ATT-5 1/7/06

possession of the documents prescribed by the States of transitand destination for control purposes as described in this chapter.

. . . . . .

K. Entry procedures and responsibilities

. . . . . .

3.46 The public authorities of each Contracting Stateshall seize fraudulent, falsified or counterfeit travel docu-ments. The public authorities shall also seize the travel docu-ments of a person impersonating the rightful holder of thetravel document. Such documents shall be removed fromcirculation immediately and returned to the appropriate auth-orities of the State named as issuer or to the residentDiplomatic Mission of that State.

3.47 Recommended Practice.— Where appropriate,Contracting States should introduce a system of advancepassenger information which involves the capture of certainpassport or visa details prior to departure, the transmission ofthe details by electronic means to their public authorities, andthe analysis of such data for risk management purposes priorto arrival in order to expedite clearance. To minimize handlingtime during check-in, document reading devices should beused to capture the information in machine readable traveldocuments.

. . . . . .

N. Identification and entry of crew andother aircraft operators’ personnel

. . . . . .

3.70 Adequate controls shall be placed on the issuance ofCMCs and other official crew identity documents to preventfraud, for example, a background check and certification ofemployment status of an applicant prior to issuance, controlson blank card stock, and accountability requirements forissuing personnel.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 4. ENTRY AND DEPARTUREOF CARGO AND OTHER ARTICLES

A. General

. . . . . .

4.6 Where practicable, in order to improve efficiency,modern screening or examination techniques shall be used tofacilitate the physical examination of goods to be imported orexported.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 5. INADMISSIBLE PERSONSAND DEPORTEES

. . . . . .

B. Inadmissible persons

. . . . . .

5.8 Contracting States that have reason to believe that aninadmissible person might offer resistance to his removal shallinform the aircraft operator concerned as far in advance aspossible of scheduled departure so that the aircraft operatorcan take precautions to ensure the security of the flight.

. . . . . .

C. Deportees

. . . . . .

5.18 Contracting States removing deportees from theirterritories shall assume all obligations, responsibilities andcosts associated with the removal.


1/7/06 ATT-6

CHAPTER 2. GENERAL

. . . . . .

2.1 SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)

. . . . . .

2.1.4 Mode A reply codes (information pulses)

. . . . . .

2.1.4.2.1 Code 7700 to provide recognition of an aircraft in an emergency.

. . . . . .

2.1.4.2.3 Code 7500 to provide recognition of an aircraft which is being subjected to unlawful interference.

2.1.4.3 Appropriate provisions shall be made in ground decoding equipment to ensure immediate recognition of Mode Acodes 7500, 7600 and 7700.

CHAPTER 2. GENERAL

. . . . . .

2.22 Service to aircraft in the eventof an emergency

2.22.1 An aircraft known or believed to be in a state ofemergency, including being subjected to unlawful inter-ference, shall be given maximum consideration, assistance andpriority over other aircraft as may be necessitated by thecircumstances.

Note.— To indicate that it is in a state of emergency, anaircraft equipped with an appropriate data link capabilityand/or an SSR transponder might operate the equipment asfollows:

a) on Mode A, Code 7700; or

b) on Mode A, Code 7500, to indicate specifically that it isbeing subjected to unlawful interference; or

c) activate the appropriate emergency and/or urgencycapability of ADS; or

d) transmit the appropriate emergency message via CPDLC.

. . . . . .

2.22.2 When an occurrence of unlawful interference withan aircraft takes place or is suspected, ATS units shall attendpromptly to requests by the aircraft. Information pertinent tothe safe conduct of the flight shall continue to be transmittedand necessary action shall be taken to expedite the conduct ofall phases of the flight, especially the safe landing of theaircraft.

. . . . . .

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 10 — AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS,VOLUME IV (SURVEILLANCE RADAR AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS)

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 11 — AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES


ATT-7 1/7/06

CHAPTER 5. ALERTING SERVICE

5.1 Application

5.1.1 Alerting service shall be provided:

. . . . . .

c) to any aircraft known or believed to be the subject ofunlawful interference.

. . . . . .

5.2 Notification of rescuecoordination centres

5.2.1 Without prejudice to any other circumstances thatmay render such notification advisable, air traffic servicesunits shall, except as prescribed in 5.5.1, notify rescue coordi-nation centres immediately an aircraft is considered to be in astate of emergency in accordance with the following:

. . . . . .

b) Alert phase when:

. . . . . .

except when evidence exists that would allay apprehen-sion as to the safety of the aircraft and its occupants, orwhen

4) an aircraft is known or believed to be the subject ofunlawful interference.

. . . . . .

5.5 Information to the operator

5.5.1 When an area control or a flight information centredecides that an aircraft is in the uncertainty or the alert phase,it shall, when practicable, advise the operator prior to notifyingthe rescue coordination centre.

Note.— If an aircraft is in the distress phase, the rescuecoordination centre has to be notified immediately inaccordance with 5.2.1.

5.5.2 All information notified to the rescue coordinationcentre by an area control or flight information centre shall,whenever practicable, also be communicated, without delay, tothe operator.

5.6 Information to aircraft operating inthe vicinity of an aircraft in

a state of emergency

5.6.1 When it has been established by an air trafficservices unit that an aircraft is in a state of emergency, otheraircraft known to be in the vicinity of the aircraft involvedshall, except as provided in 5.6.2, be informed of the nature ofthe emergency as soon as practicable.

5.6.2 When an air traffic services unit knows or believesthat an aircraft is being subjected to unlawful interference, noreference shall be made in ATS air-ground communications tothe nature of the emergency unless it has first been referred toin communications from the aircraft involved and it is certainthat such reference will not aggravate the situation.


1/7/06 ATT-8

CHAPTER 5. INVESTIGATION

. . . . . .

ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF THEINVESTIGATION

. . . . . .

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATECONDUCTING THE INVESTIGATION

. . . . . .

Informing aviation security authorities

5.11 If, in the course of an investigation it becomesknown, or it is suspected, that an act of unlawful interferencewas involved, the investigator-in-charge shall immediatelyinitiate action to ensure that the aviation security authorities ofthe State(s) concerned are so informed.

CHAPTER 3. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

. . . . . .

3.14 Isolated aircraft parking position

3.14.1 An isolated aircraft parking position shall bedesignated or the aerodrome control tower shall be advised ofan area or areas suitable for the parking of an aircraft which isknown or believed to be the subject of unlawful interference,or which for other reasons needs isolation from normalaerodrome activities.

3.14.2 Recommendation.— The isolated aircraftparking position should be located at the maximum distancepracticable and in any case never less than 100 m from otherparking positions, buildings or public areas, etc. Care shouldbe taken to ensure that the position is not located overunderground utilities such as gas and aviation fuel and, to theextent feasible, electrical or communication cables.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 5. VISUAL AIDS FOR NAVIGATION

. . . . . .

5.3 Lights

. . . . . .

5.3.23 Apron floodlighting(see also 5.3.16.1 and 5.3.17.1)

Application

5.3.23.1 Recommendation.— Apron floodlighting shouldbe provided on an apron, on a de-icing/anti-icing facility andon a designated isolated aircraft parking position intended tobe used at night.

Note 1. — Where a de-icing/anti-icing facility is located inclose proximity to the runway and permanent floodlightingcould be confusing to pilots, other means of illumination of thefacility may be required.

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 13 — AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT INVESTIGATION

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 14 — AERODROMES,VOLUME I — AERODROME DESIGN AND OPERATIONS


ATT-9 1/7/06

Note 2. — The designation of an isolated aircraft parkingposition is specified in 3.14.

Note 3. — Guidance on apron floodlighting is given in theAerodrome Design Manual, Part 4.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 8. ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

8.1 Electric power supply systemsfor air navigation facilities

. . . . . .

Application

. . . . . .

8.1.10 Recommendation.— The following aerodromefacilities should be provided with a secondary power supplycapable of supplying power when there is a failure of theprimary power supply:

. . . . . .

e) essential security lighting, if provided in accordance with9.11;

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 9. AERODROME OPERATIONAL SERVICES, EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATIONS

9.1 Aerodrome emergency planning

General

Introductory Note.— Aerodrome emergency planning is theprocess of preparing an aerodrome to cope with an emergencyoccurring at the aerodrome or in its vicinity. The objective ofaerodrome emergency planning is to minimize the effects of anemergency, particularly in respect of saving lives and main-taining aircraft operations. The aerodrome emergency plansets forth the procedures for coordinating the response ofdifferent aerodrome agencies (or services) and of thoseagencies in the surrounding community that could be of assist-ance in responding to the emergency. Guidance material toassist the appropriate authority in establishing aerodromeemergency planning is given in the Airport Services Manual,Part 7.

9.1.1 An aerodrome emergency plan shall be establishedat an aerodrome, commensurate with the aircraft operationsand other activities conducted at the aerodrome.

9.1.2 The aerodrome emergency plan shall provide for thecoordination of the actions to be taken in an emergencyoccurring at an aerodrome or in its vicinity.

Note.— Examples of emergencies are: aircraft emerg-encies, sabotage including bomb threats, unlawfully seizedaircraft, dangerous goods occurrences, building fires andnatural disasters.

9.1.3 The plan shall coordinate the response or partici-pation of all existing agencies which, in the opinion of theappropriate authority, could be of assistance in responding toan emergency.

Note.— Examples of agencies are:

— on the aerodrome: air traffic control unit, rescue and firefighting services, aerodrome administration, medical andambulance services, aircraft operators, security services,and police;

— off the aerodrome: fire departments, police, medical andambulance services, hospitals, military, and harbourpatrol or coast guard.

9.1.4 Recommendation.— The plan should provide forcooperation and coordination with the rescue coordinationcentre, as necessary.

9.1.5 Recommendation.— The aerodrome emergencyplan document should include at least the following:

a) types of emergencies planned for;

b) agencies involved in the plan;

c) responsibility and role of each agency, the emergencyoperations centre and the command post, for each typeof emergency;

d) information on names and telephone numbers of officesor people to be contacted in the case of a particularemergency; and

e) a grid map of the aerodrome and its immediate vicinity.

. . . . . .

Emergency operations centre and command post

9.1.7 Recommendation.— A fixed emergency operationscentre and a mobile command post should be available for useduring an emergency.


1/7/06 ATT-10

9.1.8 Recommendation.— The emergency operationscentre should be a part of the aerodrome facilities and shouldbe responsible for the overall coordination and generaldirection of the response to an emergency.

9.1.9 Recommendation.— The command post should bea facility capable of being moved rapidly to the site of anemergency, when required, and should undertake the localcoordination of those agencies responding to the emergency.

9.1.10 Recommendation.— A person should be assignedto assume control of the emergency operations centre and,when appropriate, another person the command post.

Communication system

9.1.11 Recommendation.— Adequate communicationsystems linking the command post and the emergency oper-ations centre with each other and with the participatingagencies should be provided in accordance with the plan andconsistent with the particular requirements of the aerodrome.

Aerodrome emergency exercise

9.1.12 The plan shall contain procedures for periodictesting of the adequacy of the plan and for reviewing theresults in order to improve its effectiveness.

Note.— The plan includes all participating agencies andassociated equipment.

9.1.13 The plan shall be tested by conducting:

a) a full-scale aerodrome emergency exercise at intervalsnot exceeding two years; and

b) partial emergency exercises in the intervening year toensure that any deficiencies found during the full-scaleaerodrome emergency exercise have been corrected; and

reviewed thereafter, or after an actual emergency, so as tocorrect any deficiency found during such exercises or actualemergency.

Note.— The purpose of a full-scale exercise is to ensure theadequacy of the plan to cope with different types ofemergencies. The purpose of a partial exercise is to ensure theadequacy of the response to individual participating agenciesand components of the plan, such as the communicationssystem.

. . . . . .

9.10 Fencing

Application

. . . . . .

9.10.3 Recommendation.— A fence or other suitablebarrier should be provided on an aerodrome to deter theinadvertent or premeditated access of an unauthorized persononto a non-public area of the aerodrome.

Note 1.— This is intended to include the barring of sewers,ducts, tunnels, etc., where necessary to prevent access.

Note 2.— Special measures may be required to prevent theaccess of an unauthorized person to runways or taxiwayswhich overpass public roads.

. . . . . .

9.10.5 Recommendation.— Suitable means of protectionshould be provided to deter the inadvertent or premeditatedaccess of unauthorized persons into ground installations andfacilities essential for the safety of civil aviation located off theaerodrome.

. . . . . .

Location

9.10.7 Recommendation.— The fence or barrier shouldbe located so as to separate the movement area and otherfacilities or zones on the aerodrome vital to the safe operationof aircraft from areas open to public access.

. . . . . .

9.10.9 Recommendation.— When greater security isthought necessary, a cleared area should be provided on bothsides of the fence or barrier to facilitate the work of patrolsand to make trespassing more difficult. Consideration shouldbe given to the provision of a perimeter road inside theaerodrome fencing for the use of both maintenance personneland security patrols.

9.11 Security lighting

Recommendation.— At an aerodrome where it is deemeddesirable for security reasons, a fence or other barrier pro-vided for the protection of international civil aviation and itsfacilities should be illuminated at a minimum essential level.Consideration should be given to locating lights so that theground area on both sides of the fence or barrier, particularlyat access points, is illuminated.


ATT-11 1/7/06

CHAPTER 2. APPLICABILITY

. . . . . .

2.2 Dangerous Goods Technical Instructions

2.2.1 Each Contracting State shall take the necessarymeasures to achieve compliance with the detailed provisionscontained in the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transportof Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284), approved and issuedperiodically in accordance with the procedure established bythe ICAO Council. Each Contracting State shall also take thenecessary measures to achieve compliance with any amend-ment to the Technical Instructions which may be publishedduring the specified period of applicability of an edition of theTechnical Instructions.

2.2.2 Recommendation.— Each Contracting State shouldinform ICAO of difficulties encountered in the application ofthe Technical Instructions and of any amendments which itwould be desirable to make to them.

. . . . . .

CHAPTER 10. ESTABLISHMENT OFTRAINING PROGRAMMES

Dangerous goods training programmes shall be establishedand updated as provided for in the Technical Instructions.

EXTRACTS FROM ANNEX 18 — THE SAFE TRANSPORT OFDANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR


1/7/06 ATT-12

Part 1. GENERAL

. . . . . .

Chapter 4TRAINING

Parts of this Chapter are affected by State Variations AE 2, CA 18, HK 1, US 1;see Table A-1

4.1 ESTABLISHMENT OFTRAINING PROGRAMMES

≠ 4.1.1 Initial and recurrent dangerous goods trainingprogrammes must be established and maintained by or on behalfof:

. . . . . .

g) agencies engaged in the security screening of passengersand their baggage and/or cargo.

CHAPTER 5. SEPARATION METHODS AND MINIMA

. . . . . .

5.2 GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR THESEPARATION OF CONTROLLED TRAFFIC

. . . . . .

5.2.1.2 Larger separations than the specified minimashould be applied whenever exceptional circumstances such asunlawful interference or navigational difficulties call for extraprecautions. This should be done with due regard to all relevantfactors so as to avoid impeding the flow of air traffic by theapplication of excessive separations.

Note — Unlawful interference with an aircraft constitutes acase of exceptional circumstances which might require theapplication of separations larger than the specified minima,between the aircraft being subjected to unlawful interferenceand other aircraft.

. . . . . .

EXTRACTS FROM DOC 9284 — TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONSFOR THE SAFE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR

EXTRACTS FROM THE PROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES —AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT (DOC 4444)


ATT-13 1/7/06

CHAPTER 15. PROCEDURES RELATED TO EMERGENCIES, COMMUNICATION FAILURE AND CONTINGENCIES

15.1 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

15.1.1 General

15.1.1.1 The various circumstances surrounding eachemergency situation preclude the establishment of exactdetailed procedures to be followed. The procedures outlinedherein are intended as a general guide to air traffic servicespersonnel. Air traffic control units shall maintain full andcomplete coordination, and personnel shall use their bestjudgement in handling emergency situations.

Note 1.— Additional radar procedures to be applied inrelation to emergencies and contingencies are contained inChapter 8, 8.8.1.

Note 2.— If the pilot of an aircraft encountering a state ofemergency has previously been directed by ATC to operate thetransponder on a specific code, that code will normally bemaintained unless, in special circumstances, the pilot hasdecided or has been advised otherwise. Where ATC has notrequested a code to be set, the pilot will set the transponder toMode A Code 7700.

15.1.1.2 When an emergency is declared by an aircraft,the ATS unit should take appropriate and relevant action asfollows:

a) unless clearly stated by the flight crew or otherwiseknown, take all necessary steps to ascertain aircraftidentification and type, the type of emergency, theintentions of the flight crew as well as the position andlevel of the aircraft;

b) decide upon the most appropriate type of assistancewhich can be rendered;

c) enlist the aid of any other ATS unit or other serviceswhich may be able to provide assistance to the aircraft;

d) provide the flight crew with any information requestedas well as any additional relevant information, such asdetails on suitable aerodromes, minimum safe altitudes,weather information;

e) obtain from the operator or the flight crew such of thefollowing information as may be relevant: number ofpersons on board, amount of fuel remaining, possiblepresence of hazardous materials and the nature thereof;and

f) notify the appropriate ATS units and authorities asspecified in local instructions.

15.1.1.3 Changes of radio frequency and SSR codeshould be avoided if possible and should normally be madeonly when or if an improved service can be provided to theaircraft concerned. Manoeuvring instructions to an aircraftexperiencing engine failure should be limited to a minimum.When appropriate, other aircraft operating in the vicinity of theaircraft in emergency should be advised of the circumstances.

Note.— Requests to the flight crew for the informationcontained in 15.1.1.2 e) will be made only if the informationis not available from the operator or from other sources andwill be limited to essential information.

15.1.2 Priority

An aircraft known or believed to be in a state of emergency,including being subjected to unlawful interference, shall begiven priority over other aircraft.

15.1.3 Unlawful interference and aircraftbomb threat

15.1.3.1 Air traffic services personnel shall be preparedto recognize any indication of the occurrence of unlawfulinterference with an aircraft.

15.1.3.2 Whenever unlawful interference with an aircraftis suspected, and where automatic distinct display of SSRMode A Code 7500 and Code 7700 is not provided, the radarcontroller shall attempt to verify any suspicion by setting theSSR decoder to Mode A Code 7500 and thereafter toCode 7700.

Note.— An aircraft equipped with an SSR transponder isexpected to operate the transponder on Mode A Code 7500 toindicate specifically that it is the subject of unlawfulinterference. The aircraft may operate the transponder onMode A Code 7700, to indicate that it is threatened by graveand imminent danger and requires immediate assistance.

15.1.3.3 Whenever unlawful interference with an aircraftis known or suspected or a bomb threat warning has beenreceived, ATS units shall promptly attend to requests by, or toanticipated needs of, the aircraft, including requests forrelevant information relating to air navigation facilities,procedures and services along the route of flight and at anyaerodrome of intended landing, and shall take such action as isnecessary to expedite the conduct of all phases of the flight.

15.1.3.3.1 ATS units shall also:


1/7/06 ATT-14

a) transmit, and continue to transmit, informationpertinent to the safe conduct of the flight, withoutexpecting a reply from the aircraft;

b) monitor and plot the progress of the flight with themeans available, and coordinate transfer of controlwith adjacent ATS units without requiring trans-missions or other responses from the aircraft, unlesscommunication with the aircraft remains normal;

c) inform, and continue to keep informed, appropriateATS units, including those in adjacent FIRs, whichmay be concerned with the progress of the flight;

Note.— In applying this provision, account must betaken of all the factors which may affect the progress ofthe flight, including fuel endurance and the possibility ofsudden changes in route and destination. The objectiveis to provide, as far in advance as is practicable in thecircumstances, each ATS unit with appropriate infor-mation as to the expected or possible penetration of theaircraft into its area of responsibility.

d) notify:

1) the operator or its designated representative;

2) the appropriate rescue coordination centre inaccordance with appropriate alerting procedures;

3) the designated security authority;

Note.— It is assumed that the designated securityauthority and/or the operator will in turn notify otherparties concerned in accordance with pre-establishedprocedures.

e) relay appropriate messages, relating to the circum-stances associated with the unlawful interference,between the aircraft and designated authorities.

15.1.3.4 The following additional procedures shall applyif a threat is received indicating that a bomb or other explosivedevice has been placed on board a known aircraft. The ATSunit receiving the threat information shall:

a) if in direct communication with the aircraft, advise theflight crew without delay of the threat and the circum-stances surrounding the threat; or

b) if not in direct communication with the aircraft, advisethe flight crew by the most expeditious means throughother ATS units or other channels.

15.1.3.5 The ATS unit in communication with theaircraft shall ascertain the intentions of the flight crew andreport those intentions to other ATS units which may beconcerned with the flight.

15.1.3.6 The aircraft shall be handled in the mostexpeditious manner whilst ensuring, to the extent possible, thesafety of other aircraft and that personnel and groundinstallations are not put at risk.

15.1.3.7 Aircraft in flight shall be given re-clearance to arequested new destination without delay. Any request by theflight crew to climb or descend for the purpose of equalizingor reducing the differential between the outside air pressureand the cabin air pressure shall be approved as soon aspossible.

15.1.3.8 An aircraft on the ground should be advised toremain as far away from other aircraft and installations aspossible and, if appropriate, to vacate the runway. The aircraftshould be instructed to taxi to a designated or isolated parkingarea in accordance with local instructions. Should the flightcrew disembark passengers and crew immediately, otheraircraft, vehicles and personnel should be kept at a safedistance from the threatened aircraft.

15.1.3.9 ATS units shall not provide any advice orsuggestions concerning action to be taken by the flight crew inrelation to an explosive device.

15.1.3.10 An aircraft known or believed to be the subjectof unlawful interference or which for other reasons needsisolation from normal aerodrome activities shall be cleared tothe designated isolated parking position. Where such anisolated parking position has not been designated, or if thedesignated position is not available, the aircraft shall becleared to a position within the area or areas selected by prioragreement with the aerodrome authority. The taxi clearanceshall specify the taxi route to be followed to the parkingposition. This route shall be selected with a view to mini-mizing any security risks to the public, other aircraft andinstallations at the aerodrome.

Note.— See Annex 14, Volume I, Chapter 3.


ATT-15 1/7/06

PART VIII. — SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)TRANSPONDER OPERATING PROCEDURES

Chapter 1

OPERATION OF TRANSPONDERS

. . . . . .

1.4 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

1.4.1 The pilot of an aircraft encountering a state ofemergency shall set the transponder to Mode A Code 7700except when previously directed by ATC to operate thetransponder on a specified code. In the latter case the pilotshall maintain the specified code unless otherwise advised byATC.

1.4.2 Notwithstanding the procedures at 1.4.1, a pilotmay select Mode A Code 7700 whenever there is a specificreason to believe that this would be the best course of action.

. . . . . .

1.6 UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCEWITH AIRCRAFT IN FLIGHT

1.6.1 Should an aircraft in flight be subjected tounlawful interference, the pilot-in-command shall endeavourto set the transponder to Mode A Code 7500 to give indicationof the situation unless circumstances warrant the use ofCode 7700.

1.6.2 A pilot, having selected Mode A Code 7500 andsubsequently requested to confirm this code by ATC inaccordance with 1.1.5 shall, according to circumstances, eitherconfirm this or not reply at all.

Note.— The absence of a reply from the pilot will be takenby ATC as an indication that the use of Code 7500 is not dueto an inadvertent false code selection.

— END —

EXTRACTS FROM THE PROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES —AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS (DOC 8168), VOLUME I — FLIGHT PROCEDURES

ICAO PUBLICATIONS AND RELATED PRODUCTS IN THE AIR TRANSPORT FIELD

The following summarizes the various publications and related products in the air transport field issuedby the International Civil Aviation Organization:

• International Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) adopted by the Council inaccordance with Articles 37, 54 and 90 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation anddesignated, for convenience, as Annexes to the Convention. Annex 9 — Facilitation — containsSARPs dealing with customs, quarantine, immigration and health matters concerned withinternational air navigation. Annex 17 — Security — is composed of SARPs on all matters relatedto safeguarding civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. Any differences between thenational regulations and practices of a State and what is prescribed by an International Standardmust be notified to the Council in accordance with Article 38 of the Convention. The Council hasalso invited Contracting States to notify differences from the provisions of the RecommendedPractices.

• ICAO’s policies on the regulation of international air transport, charges for airports and airnavigation services, and taxation in the field of international air transport.

• Technical specifications on machine readable travel documents (MRTDs).

• Tariffs for airports and air navigation services, including charges applied towards users in morethan 180 States.

• Manuals providing information or guidance to Contracting States on such issues as regulation ofinternational air transport, financial management of airports and air navigation services, air trafficforecasting methods, and compliance with Annex 17 provisions.

• Circulars providing specialized information of interest to Contracting States. They include studieson medium- and long-term trends in the air transport industry at a global and regional level andspecialized studies of a worldwide nature covering issues such as the economic and financialaspects of CNS/ATM systems implementation, regional differences in airline operating economics,economic contribution of civil aviation, privatization of airports and air navigation services, andregulatory implications of slot allocation.

• Aviation Security Training Packages (ASTPs) and courses on a range of subjects designed to assistsecurity professionals, managers and staff in developing a more comprehensive understanding ofSARPs, as well as to offer specialized practical expertise in the implementation and monitoring ofmeasures and provisions in accordance with local programmes. For further information, pleasecontact [email protected] or visit the training page on the ICAO AVSEC website at www.icao.int/avsec.

• Publications in electronic form, in database and interactive forms, such as the world’s air servicesagreements and the ICAO template air services agreements. Civil aviation statistics can beaccessed by purchasing an annual subscription to one or more of the data series distributed byICAO through its commercial website at www.icaodata.com. Questions regarding ICAO statisticsor special orders for statistical data should be sent to [email protected].

• Reports of meetings in the air transport field, including reports on the Facilitation and Statisticsdivisional-type meetings and those related to conferences on aviation security, regulation ofinternational air transport, and economics of airports and air navigation services.