security system based on ultrasonic movement detectors 1

8/8/2019 Security System Based on Ultrasonic Movement Detectors 1

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Security System Based on

Ultrasonic Movement Detectors

Ankita Singh

Subodh Srivastava Pankaj Shukla

Ashish Mishra


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PHYSICAL SECURITYSYSTEM BASED ON ULTRASONIC

DETECTOR


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Specifications

Main board

Sensor board.

12 v AC Step down xer Sensitivity user adjustable.

Range of 1.5 feet practically but can be

enhanced using IC 324 and IC 328 inplace of IC 741.


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Outline

Goals of Physical Security

Building protection

Vehicles protection Stand-alone Systems and Peripherals


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Goals of Physical Security

Prevent unauthorized access toequipment, installations, material, and

documents Safeguard against damage and theft

Safeguard personnel.


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BUILDING AND VEHICLE

PROTECTION

Prevent unauthorized access to vehicles,

in buildings. Safeguard against damage and theft

Safeguard personnel.


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Introduction to ultrasonic

movement detector The circuit uses a matched pair of 40 kHz

transducer elements to detect movement up to1.5 feet away.The unit switches a LED for

movement indication. Sensitivity is adjustable viacontrol. Crystal locked circuit for maximumstability.

The circuit uses PCB and 40khzs transducers

One transducers use as transmitter and other asreceivers.

A 9 to12 volt DC supply to PC board.

An alarm system circuit is also attached which is

connected to buzzer (speaker).


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HOW IT WORKS

The kits let you monitor door openings andmovements passed near a certain point.thecircuit is built around a matched pair oftransducer which convert movement energy to

electrical energy and vice versa. Circuit is crystal locked by 40 khzs crystal for

maximum efficiency.

Any movement in the area scanned by the

transducer will be detected and a pulse isproduced.

In this kit,the pulse turns on the LED.


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Pictorial representation of desired

system


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Uses

In security of banks(strong room,lockers).

In security of VIPs.

In security of Confidential documents. In security of Houses.

In security of Vehicles.

In security of places prohibited foroutsiders.


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ARIVAL OF A PERSON

+0

Motion

Gradual

Change


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Component

COMPONENTS used RESISTORS -22 Diode 1N4148 -5 LED 5mm -1 SPDT PCB-mounted switch -1 LM741 IC -2

14049/4049 IC -1 16pin IC socket -1 8pin IC socket -2 Capacitors-12 BC548 -3 40kHzcrystal m -1 12 v ac step down xer -1 Ultrasonictransmitter -1 Ultrasonicreceiver -1 3020PCB 2pieces 4 strand flatcable -6


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Resistance The resistor's function is to reduce

the flow of electric current.

Resistance used here are-

560R green blue brown - 1

3K3 orange orange red----1

3K9 orange white red -1 10K brown blackorange -3

12Kbrownorange orange -1

47K yellow violetorange -2

100K brown blackyellow -4

150K brown greenyellow -1 180K brown greyyellow 1

1M brown black green -3

10M brown black blue -3

10K trims pot -1


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Color coding of resistances

First 2 colors show 2values and 3rd one ismultiplier of 10.4th valueis of tolerence

The color coding isneccesary to calculatevalue of resistances.

In the circuit resistances

used according to need ofcurrent.


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Capacitors Capacitoris passive device

used to store electricity.

Capacitoris formed using ainsulatorbetween 2conductors.

Capacitors used are- 33pF ceramic -2

1nF Mylar - 2

10nF Mylar -1

47nF Mylar 1

100nF Mylar1 4.7uF electrolytic -2

10uF/25V or50V mini -1

22uF -1

47uF -1


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Ultrasonic Sensors

Range up to 1.5 feet

Outputs can be analog, serial, orPWM

Old, expensive Polaroid sensor

New, cheaper ones today ~$25


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PCB

PCB refer to printedcircuit board.

When assembling anelectronic circuit, a

board is needed onwhich the componentscan be mounted andwired together calledPCB.

PCB also known asPWB(printer wiringboard)


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SolderingSoldering iron is a necessary instrument

when you solder various kind of soldering irons used

in our projects are25W type

This type is convenient when solder

the parts on PWB. 80W type this type used while soldering the

parts to thick copper plate.In case of thick copper plate, the heatis easy to escape and the temperature

rise is difficult. 15W type this type used for the part which is

easy to break by the heat. Usually, 25W type is enough.


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Cont.

Usually the solderingiron is heated byelectricity.

However, there is thesoldering iron heatedby gas

The solder is the alloyof lead and tin.

As for good solder,the containment rateof tin is high.


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DISADVANTAGE

OBJECT BELOW AND BEHIND CANT SENSE BY

TRANSDUSER


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WELCOME TO QURIES

security system based on ultrasonic movement detectors 1

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