Select Bibliography

AFRICA AT INDEPENDENCE

The Africa of Today and Tomorrow (London: Royal Africa Society, 1959).

LEGUM, COLIN, Pan-Africanism: A Short Political Guide (London: Pall Mall, 1965).

MCKAY, VERNON, Africa in World Politics (New York: Harper and Row, 1962).

MAZRUI, ALI A. The Anglo-African Commonwealth: political friction and cultural fusion (Oxford: Pergamon, 1967).

MAZRUI, ALI A. Towards a Pax-Africana (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1967).

NKRUMAH, K. Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism (New York: International Publishers, 1965).

RIVKIN, ARNOLD, The African Presence in World Affairs (New York: Free Press of Glencoe, 1963).

STILLMAN, CALVIN W. (ed.), Africa in the Modern World (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1955).

ZARTMAN, I. WILLIAM, International Relations in the New Africa (Engle­wood, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966).

AFRICA IN WORLD POLITICS

AKE, CLAUDE, Revolutionary Pressures in Africa (London: Zed, 1978). AKE, CLAUDE, A Political economy of Africa (Harlow: Longman, 1981). ALUKO, OLAJIDE (ed.), The Foreign Policies of African States (London:

Hodder and Stoughton, 1977). ANDEMICAEL, BERHANYKUN, The OAU and the UN (New York:

Africana, 1976). AUSTIN, DENNIS, Politics in Africa (Manchester: Manchester University

Press, 1978). BAY, EDNA G. (ed), WomenandWorkinAfrica(Boulder:Westview, 1982). BOZEMAN, ADDA B. Conflict in Africa: concepts and realities (Princeton:

Princeton University Press, 1976). , BRANDT, WILLY ( ed. ), North-South: A Program for Survival (Cambridge:

MIT Press, 1980). THE BHANDT COMMISSION, Common Crisis North-South: Cooperation

for world recovery (London: Pan, 1983). BROWNLIE, IAN (ed.), Basic Documents on African Affairs (Oxford:

Oxford University Press, 1971). CAL VOCORESSI, PETER, Independent Africa and the World (Harlow:

Longman, 1985). CERVENKA, ZDENEK, The Unfinished Quest for Unity: Africa and the

OAU (New York: Africana, 1977).

207

208 Select Bibliography

CHINWEIZU, The West and the rest of us (New York: Vantage, 1975). DAVIDSON, BASIL, Crossroads in Africa (Nottingham: Spokesman, 1980). EJIOFER, LAMBER U. Africa in World Politics (Onitsha: Africana, 1981). FREDLAND, RICHARD A. Africa Faces the World (Arlington: Mono-

graph, 1980). GARDINER, ROBERT K.A. et al. (eds), Africa and the World (Addis

Ababa: Oxford University Press, 1970). GAVSHON, ARTHUR, Crisis in Africa: battleground of East and West

(Harrnondsworth: Pelican, 1981). GROOM, A.J.R. and TAYLOR, PAUL, (eds), The Commonwealth in the

JYlJOs. Challenges and Opportunities (London: Macmillan, 1984). GUTKIND, PE1ER and WALLERS1EIN, IMMANUEL (eds), The Poli­

tical Economy of contemporary Africa 2nd edn (Beverly Hills/London: Sage, 1985).

HAFKIN, NANCY J. and BAY, EDNA G, Women in Africa (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1976).

HAY, MARGARET J. and STICHTER, SHARON, African Women South of the Sahara (London: Longman, 1984).

IBRD, Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1981).

IBRD, Towards Self-Sustained Development in Sub-Saharan Africa (Washing­ton, D.C.: World Bank, 1984).

JACKSON, R.H. and ROSBERG, C.G., Personal Rule in Black Africa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982).

Lagos Plan of Action for the Economic Development of Africa 1980-2000, Organization of African Unity (Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, 1982).

LARKIN, BRUCE, D., China and Africa 1949-70 (Berkeley: University of California, 1971).

LEGUM, COLIN, et al., Africa in the 1980s. A continent in crisis (New York: McGraw-Hill/Council on Foreign Relations, 1979).

LEGUM, COLIN, (ed.), Africa Contemporary Record (New York: Africana) annually since 1969.

LITTLE, KENNETH, African Women in Towns: An Aspect of Africa's Social Revolution (Cambrid~e: Cambridge University Press, 1973).

MAYALL, JAMES, Africa: The Cold War and After (London: Elek, 1971). MAZRUI, ALI A., Africa's International Relations (London: Heinemann,

1977). MAZRUI, ALI A., The African Condition: a political diagnosis (London:

Heinemann, 1980). MAZRUI,ALIA. andPA1EL,HASUH., (eds),AfricainWorldA!fairs: The

Next Thirty Years (New York: Third Press, 1973). MAZZEO, DOMENICO, (ed.), African Regional Organizations (Cam­

bridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984). M'BUYINGA, ELENGA, Pan-Africanism or Neo-Colonialism: the bank­

ruptcy of the OAU (London: Zed, 1982). NIELSON, WELDAMAR, The Great Powers and Africa (London: Pall Mall,

1969). OBBO, CHRISTINE, African Women: Their Struggle for Economic Indepen­

dence (London: Zed, 1980). OJO, OLATUNDE J.C.B. et al., African International Relations (Harlow:

Longman, 1985).

209

RODNEY, WALTER, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (London: Bogle L'Ouverture, 1972).

SHAW, TIMOTHY M. (ed.), Alternative Futures for Africa (Boulder: West­view, 1982).

SHAW, TIMOTHY M. and ALUKO, OLAJIDE (eds), The Political Economy of African Foreign Policy (Aldershot: Gower, 1984).

SHAW, TIMOTHY M. and ALUKO, OLAJIDE, (eds), Africa Projected. From Recession to Renaissance by the Year 2000 (London: Macmillan, 1985).

SHAW, TIMOTHY M. and OJO 'SOLA (eds), Africa and the International Political System (Washington: University Press of America, 1982).

STEVENS, CHRISTOPHER, The Soviet Union and Black Africa (New York: HolmesandMeier, 1976).

SWEETMAN, DAVID, Women Leaders in African History (London: Heine­mann, 1984).

TORDOFF, WILLIAM, Government and Politics in Africa (London: Mac­millan, 1984).

WEINSTEIN, WARREN and HENRIKSEN, THOMAS H., Soviet and Chinese Aid to African Nations (New York: Praeger, 1980).

WOLFERS, MICHAEL, Politics in the Organisation of African Unity (London: Methuen, 1976).

Index

African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states 41,58--60, 70. See also European Economic Community (EEC); Lome Convention

African Liberation Committee ( ALC) 69, 135. See also guerrilla activity; Organisation of African Unity(OAU)

African National Congress (ANC) 27, 69, 82, 99-100, 195,200--2. See also South Africa

agriculture 28, 46, 53, 63, 97-8, 101, 111, 113, 115, 182, 191

aid see foreign aid Ake, Claude 4, 21, 30 Algeria 8, 19, 21,26-9,44, 83, 87, 134,

147, 156-7, 159-60, 163, 165-6, 170-3, 176

Amin, Samir 25, 38, 51 Angola 2-3,19,26-7,31,44,68,70,81,

121,124,135-6,138,194,200--1,203 Apartheid 82, 100, 112, 137, 198--9,

204. See also South Africa Arab Bank for Economic Development

in Africa (BADEA) 89 Arab League 2, 10, 70-2 Australia 77 Azanian People's Organisation

(AZAPO) 199. See also South Africa

Banda, Hastings 71, 117. See also Malawi

basic human needs (BHN) 20, 26, 31 Belgium 140-1 Benin 7, 142, 147 Botha, President P. 197-8,200--1,204.

210

See also South Africa Botswana 27, 46, 70, 74,81 bourgeosisie 4, 18, 21, 24-6, 30, 36,

40-1. See also class; dependency; neo-colonialism

Brandt Reports 5, 52, 56-8, 61 Bretton Woods 37--43. See also

International Economic System (IES); New International Economic Order (NIEO)

Britain see United Kingdom bureaucracy 118, 131 Burkina Faso 142 Burundi 89

Cameroon 44, 60, 143 Canada 75,76-8,80,85-6 Capitalism 38, 43. See also class;

dependency; development; neo-colonialism

Carter, Jimmy 3. See also United States (US)

Central African Republic (CAR) 142-3, 186, 188, 191

Cervenka, Zdenek 22, 149 China 3, 132 class 18, 24, 26,30-1,36, 131, 198. See

also bourgeoisie; dependency; neo-colonialism

cold war 18, 141 colonialism 8--9,41, 67, 110-14, 117,

130,167 commodities 38, 45,52-3,59,61-2,

112, 167-8. See also agriculture; Integrated Programme on Commodities; petroleum.

Commonwealth 7, 70, 72,74-85,90, 124

Index 211

Congo 43-4, 47 Congo crisis see Zaire constructive engagement 3. See also

South Africa; United States (US) corruption 47, 118 Cuba 69, 138, 194, 203

De Gaulle, Charles 84, 87 debts 5, 12, 20, 29, 45--6, 52-3 Denmark 58 dependence 18-20,30,38-43, 139.

See also class; development; neo-colonialism

development 1,4,8-9, 12,20-2,29,36, 40-1,47,51, 120-4, 130. See alw class; dependency; neo-colonialism

dialogue 11, 71. See also Organisation of African Unity (OAU); South Africa

Doe, Samuel 188-9. See also Liberia drought 12, 44, 46, 53

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 5-6

Egypt 10, 19, 22,28-9,70-1,83, 146, 149, 182-3, 185, 187, 189

Equatorial Guinea 89 Eritrea 27-8, 31. See also Ethiopia Ethiopia 5, 28, 31, 47, 69, 117, 138-9,

185 ethnicity 18,26-7, 116 European Economic Community

(EEC) 41, 58,60-1,70, 72,87-8, 156. See also France; United Kingdom (UK)

exports 45-7, 57. See also commodities

famine 12, 20, 29, 44. See also agriculture

FNLA (National Front for the Liberation of Angola) 68. See also Angola

foreign aid 3, 8-9, 19-20,39,46,56-8, 181, 183

foreign policy 2, 12, 67, 71-2 France 3, 10,22, 70, 72,133,142-3,

146-7, 149-50, 158-9, 164, 174-5 francophonie 7, 83-91, 142

Frelimo (Front for the Liberation of Mozambique) 27, 79,101. See also Mozambique

Front Line States (FLS) 27. See also African Liberation Committee (ALC); Organisation of African

Unity (OAU).

Gabon 44,60,85,142-3,186-7 Gaddafi see Qadhafi Gambia 88-9 Ghana 28,31,46-7,60, 75,117,181,

184-5, 189. See also Nkrumah, Kwame

Giscard D'Estaing, Valery 7, 88, 142. See also France.

Grenada 91, 125 Groupof77(G77) 5,43,67 guerrilla activity 18, 23, 26-8, 31, 203 Guinea 9,86,99, 147,183 Guinea-Bissau 2, 88-9, 101, 135

Hassan, King, 160-2, 165, 171, 175--6. See also Morocco

Houphouet-Boigny, Felix 71, 117, 142, 188. See also Ivoty Coast

Hom (of Africa) 3, 29, 140 human rights 20, 24, 31, 68, 114

IBRD see World Bank India, 75--6, 78, 137 indigenisation 25. See also

development Integrated Programme on Commodities

(IPC) 43. See also commodities International Economic System

(IES) 4, 9, 35-7,41-4,46-8 International Monetary Fund (IMF) 5,

173 Islam 70, 111, 133, 135, 146, 156, 168

women 102 Israel 2, 7, 10-1,22-3,70-2, 146,

181-93 Ivory Coast 4, 28, 45--6, 60, 117, 142-3,

184, 186-8. See also Houphouet-Boigny

Jamaica 77, 79 Jordan 10 Joseph, Richard 131

Kaunda, Kenneth 76. See also Zambia Kenya 3-4,19,26-8,45-7,60, 74,98,

103, 110, 114, 117, 150 184-7. See also Kenyatta, Jotno; Moi, Daniel arap

Kenyatta, Jomo 117 Kodjo, Edem 148, 150. See also

Organisation of African Unity (OAU)

212 Index

Lagos Plan of Action (OAU) 6, 30, 62-3,95,104--5. See also Organisation of African Unity (OAU)

Lesotho 81,183,201 Liberia 46, 88-9, 117, 186, 188-9. See

also Doe, Samuel Libya 19,44,53,88, 143,146,148-9,

151-2,156-8,165,172,188, 191.See also Qadhafi

Lome Conventions 5, 41, 52, 56,58--9, 88, 139. See also African, Carribbean and Pacific (ACP) states; European Economic Community (EEC)

Luckham, Robin 26

Machel, Samora 79-80, 101, 121, 202-3. See also Mozambique

Madagascar 47 Maghreb 10,29,156-9,161,166,

170-2,174 Malawi 46, 71, 100, 117, 183. See also

Banda, Hastings Mali 142 Mandela, Nelson 200. See also African

National Congress (ANC); South Africa

Mauritania 6, 88, 156, 158--9, 161, 163--6, 176

Mauritius 183 Mazrui, Ali 24, 29, 51, 142 Mitterrand, Fran~is 7, 88-90, 175. See

also France Mobutu, Sese 117, 186-9 modernisation 36,39-40, 131 Moi, Daniel arap 103, 151. See also

Kenya Morocco 6,8,31,45,68, 132,135-6,

140, 143--6, 156-61. See also Hassan, King

Mozambique 2-3, 26-7, 41, 70, 77, 79-81, 101, 121, 135, 138, 194-5, 200-3. See also Frelimo; Machel, Samora

MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola) 27, 68, 136, 138. See also Angola

Mugabe, Robert 9, 78, 121. See also Zimbabwe

multinational corporations 20 Muzorewa, Abel 122, 124. See also

Zimbabwe

Namibia 27, 30, 70, 74, 79, 194-5, 201, 203,205

National Front for the Liberation of Angola see FNLA

nation-building 10, 19, 63, 113-14, 130-1, 141, 157, 166, 169; women's role 99-100

neo-colonialism 25, 28, 30, 67, 140. See also dependency; development

Netherlands 58, 191 New International Economic Order

(NIEO) 2, 7, 12, 43, 56,67 New Zealand 77 Niger 7, 87, 142 Nigeria 2, 7-8, 116-17, 131, 134

Chad 142-3, 147-9 Commonwealth 74-5, 78, 81 economy 28--9,44,46,60 Israel 184-5 military 19, 21-3 OAU 72 women 96-7,99, 102

Nkomati accord 138, 194,201-2 Nkomo, Joshua 78 Nkrumah, Kwame 12, 75, 117, 119;

134, 140-1 non-alignment 1-3, 8, 12, 18--19, 124,

139 North-South 56-8, 116 Norway 58 nuclear power 19, 22-4, 29 Nyerere, Julius 75-6, 80, 112, 115. See

also Tanzania

oil see petroleum Olympic Games 2, 90 Organisation of Afrian Unity

(OAU) 67-73 Chad 140-53 continental foreign policy 7, 67-73 economic development 29, 31,43 internal tensions 6, 27, 89, 134-5 Israel 183, 202 SADR 156, 159, 161, 165, 167, 175 South Africa 11,69-71,136

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 30

Palestine 71, 189 Pan African Congress (PAC) 69. See

also South Africa Pan-Africanism 25,67-8, 119

Patriotic Front 9, 69. See also Mugabe; Nkomo; Zimbabwe

Pearson Commission 56 peasantry 28,41,115-16,118 petroleum 22, 44, 46-7, 71-2. See also

commodities Polisario 28, 31, 155-77. See also

SADR Pompidou, George 87. See also France population 46 Portugal 121, 135 Preferential Trade Area (PTA) 5, 124 protectionism 20-1,28-9,44,57,63

Qadhafi, Colonel 89, 156. See also Libya

racism 29, 111-14 Reagan, Ronald 3. See also United

States (US) recession 26, 28, 30, 44 Reshaping the International Order

(RIO) 56 Rodney, Walter 18 Rhodesia see Zimbabwe

Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) 6, 10, 28, 68, 135, 140, 155-77

secession 31 self-determination 10, 134, 156, 161,

167-9, 171, 189 self-reliance 4, 9, 28,30-1 Senegal 47, 84, 86, 140, 142-3, 150-1,

182 Senegambia 31

Index

Mozambique 138 social change 11-12, 113, 139 USA 3 women 100, 106 Zimbabwe 121, 125

213

South West African Peoples Organisation (SWAPO) 27, 69. See also Namibia

Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADCC) 5, 6, 124, 136

Soviet Union see USSR Spain 155, 158, 162-3, 166, 175 ST ABEX (Export Earnings

Stabilisation Scheme of EEC) 59, 61. See also European Economic Community; Lome Conventions

Sudan 3,5,9,27-8,45,47,83,117,143, 146, 149, 152

Swaziland 81, 132, 183, 201 Sweden 58, 191

Tanzania 4,28,31,45,69, 74-5,98-9, 105, 112, 142. See also Nyerere, Julius

technology 116 Thatcher, Margaret 76-8, 80, 122. See

also United Kingdom (UK) Togo 46, 142, 186 transnationalism 25, 28,42 Tunisia 45, 47, 156-7, 171-2

Uganda 3, 9, 27-8, 46, 80, 117 Ujamaa 115. See also Nyerere;

Tanzania

Senghor, Leopold 84, 86, 119, 142. See Unilateral Declaration of

Independence see Zimbabwe Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

(USSR) 3, 10, 57, 68, 80, 125, 137-9, 141, 166, 191

also Senegal settlers 18-19, 27 Sierra Leone 9, 84, 88-9, 96 slavery 38, 110-11, 116 socialism 26, 47, 101, 118, 123-4, 136 Somalia 3, 31, 69, 89, 132, 135, 143 sovereignty 35, 40, 133, 135 South Africa 194-206

apartheid 24, 26, 137 Commonwealth 74, 77, 79,81-2 continental opposition 2, 7, 10,

69--72, 136 economy 6, 39, 53 guerrilla activity 27,31 Israel 189-90 military strength 19,21-3,29, 129

UNIT A (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola) 68, 136, 201, 203. See also Angola

United Kingdom (UK) 3, 76-8, 85, 120-1, 124, 150

United Nations 5-6, 9, 31, 40, 43, 48, 51,56,58,67-8, 70,91, 100,104-5, 114, 120, 125, 137, 141, 148, 160-1, 175,183,186,195,203

United States (US) 2, 3, 10, 23, 39, 44, 76,85, 111,116,124-5,141,143, 149, 165-6, 174, 176, 187, 191-2, 197,201

214 Index

Upper Volta see Burkina Faso

Vittel see France

Wallerstein, Immanuel 37,51 Western Powers 5, 11, 57, 67, 152, 187,

192,205 Western Sahara see Saharawi Arab

Democratic Republic women 8, 95-109

Lagos Plan of Action 95 nation-building 99-100

World Bank (IBRD) 5, 29, 53

Yaounde 72, 87. See also Lome Conventions

Young, Andrew 3, 77. See also United States (US)

Zarre 3,5,28,31,45-6,60,87-8, 117, 134, 140, 142, 149, 150-1, 185-7, 189-90. See also Mobutu

Zambia 27, 45, 47, 60, 70, 74,76-7, 99-100, 103. See also Kaunda

Zimbabwe 7,9, 19,27-8,31,45,69-70, 74-7,84,91,97,100-1,103-4,114, 117,120-5,136, 138,195. See also Mugabe; Nkomo