self-determination in the law

7/28/2019 Self-determination in the Law

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C H R I S T O P H E R D O V A L , E S Q .

A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R O F M A N A G E M E N TA N D M A R K E T I N G

R E G I N A L D F . L E W I S C O L L E G E O F B U S I N E S SV I R G I N I A S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y

J . D . M . S . B . A .

Self-Determination in the Law


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C H R I S T O P H E R D O V A L , E S Q .

A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R O F M A N A G E M E N TA N D M A R K E T I N G

R E G I N A L D F . L E W I S S C H O O L O F B U S I N E S SV I R G I N I A S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y

J . D . M . S . B . A .

Thank you for having me


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C H R I S T O P H E R . D O V A L @ G M A I L . C O M

T W I T T E R : @ P R O F D O V A L

S K Y P E : C H R I S D O V A L

8 0 4 . 3 0 1 . 0 2 0 3

P I C S , T H O U G H T S A N D Q U E S T I O N S

S L I D E S A V A I L A B L E A T

C H R I S T O P H E R D O V A L . C O M

I Love Feedback!


4/50

Sovereignty of StatesSelf-Determination in theLaw

Sovereignty &Secession Christiana

Pro se and Due Process

Identity and Licenses

Landlord and TenantLaw

Medical Malpractice

Abortion Assisted Suicide

Living Wills andDNR/PTO

The Direction of Our Talk


5/50

Sovereignty of StatesSelf-Determination in theLaw

Sovereignty &Secession Christiana


Identity and Licenses

Landlord and TenantLaw

Medical Malpractice

Abortion Assisted Suicide

Living Wills andDNR/PTO

The Direction of Our Talk


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Sovereignty of States

1648 Peace of Westphalia(Nation/State Sovereignty)

1649 English Parliament overthrowsMonarchy

1792 French Revolution

1865 13th Amendment(Slavery)

1866 14th Amendment(Citizenship, Priv. and ImmunityCl., Due Process Cl., and Equal

Protection Cl.)

1869 15th Amendment(Right to Vote)

1920 19th Amendment (Right to Vote)

1933 21st Amendment(Anti-Prohibition)

1964 Civil Rights Act

(End of Segregation)

1971 26th Amendment

(18 Voting Age)

1990 Americans with Disabilities Act

2001-Present Same-sex Marriage

2008 Genetic InformationNondiscrimination Act (GINA)

2013 Prop 8 and DOMA


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State Sovereignty

To recognize an entity as a state is to acknowledgethat it has an international legal right of territorialintegrity (in turn that the land is not someone elses).

De Jure States An organization is recognized as having sovereignty over and

being the legitimate government of a territory over which theyhave no actual control.

De Facto Sovereignty over a territory, but lack international

recognition


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How do we start our own Nation?


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How do we start our own Nation?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vl4ufIrMtXg

Welcome to

Christiana, Denmark


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Step 1:

Are you eligible?

Step 2: Have you declaredindependence?

Do you have a definedterritory?

Do you have a permanentpopulation?

Do you have agovernment? Is it capable of interacting

with other nations?

Benefits

Can no longer be freelyattack to return to neithernation.

Prohibition of the use offorce under the U.N.

Charter.

State Sovereignty (Simple, but not Easy)


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Step 3:

Get recognized

Step 4:

Join the club

No cookie cutter approach. No Olympic invitation until

recognized.

United States has noofficial policy.

The decision to recognize astate is made by thepresident. based on U.S. national

interests.

Applyto the U.N.

Sample - Montenegro

Applyto the E.U. Criteria

Yes, you need to be inEurope currently

Sample - Montenegro

State Sovereignty (Simple, but not Easy)
http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/adms.shtmlhttp://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/UNMembers%20S2006409.pdfhttp://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/joining-eu/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/policy/conditions-membership/index_en.htmhttp://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/misc/107351.pdfhttp://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/misc/107351.pdfhttp://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/policy/conditions-membership/index_en.htmhttp://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/joining-eu/index_en.htmhttp://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/UNMembers%20S2006409.pdfhttp://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/adms.shtml


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ANYONE KNOW THEIR

MIRANDA RIGHTS?

How about in the Legal

Process?


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. . . T H E P E R S O N I N C U S T O D Y M U S T , P R I O R T O I N T E R R O G A T I O N , B EC L E A R L Y I N F O R M E D T H A T H E / S H E

H A S T H E R I G H T T O R E M A I N S I L E N T , A N D

T H A T A N Y T H I N G T H E P E R S O N S A Y S W I L L B E U S E D A G A I N S TT H A T P E R S O N I N C O U R T ;

T H E P E R S O N M U S T B E C L E A R L Y I N F O R M E D T H A T H E / S H E H A ST H E R I G H T T O C O N S U L T W I T H A N A T T O R N E Y A N D

T O H A V E T H A T A T T O R N E Y P R E S E N T D U R I N GQ U E S T I O N I N G , A N D

T H A T , I F H E / S H E I S I N D I G E N T , A N A T T O R N E Y W I L L B EP R O V I D E D A T N O C O S T T O R E P R E S E N T H I M / H E R .

From Miranda v. Arizona


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Criminal Case Civil Case

Only if the state is

trying to deprive you ofyour liberty.

or for a fee you canafford.

Court fees?

Sometimes reduced orwaived

Youre on your own.

Judicial economy?

Free Attorney?! Court Fees?!


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In case you

weresleeping


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How does the Law intersect

with Medicine?

G O V E R N I N G P R I N C I P L E S ?

H O W D O W E R E C O N C I L E F A C T S / S C I E N C EW I T H S U B J E C T I V E V A L U E S ?

A B O R T I O N ?


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W E C A N N O T S U S T A I N 9B I L L I O N P E O P L E O NO R G A N I C F A R M I N G .

O R G A N I C F A R M I N G C A NO N L Y S U S T A I N 2 / 3 O F T H E

C U R R E N T W O R L D SP O P U L A T I O N

Do we have time for GMOs?

The Man who Saved a Billion Lives


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WHAT COMPARISON CAN THERE REALLY BE, IN

POINT OF SEVERITY, BETWEEN CONSIGNING AMAN TO THE SHORT PANG OF A RAPID DEATH,AND IMMURING HIM IN A LIVING TOMB?

JOHN STUART MILL

SPEECH IN FAVOR OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

Capital Punishmentv.

State-Sponsored Murder


20/50

Cruzan v. Director,Mo. Dept. of

Health (1990) If state law requirements are met, aperson may state her wishes aboutterminating medical treatment orappoint an agent to make the decisionsfor her.

Where the persons wishes are not clearlyexpressed, the state may assert aninterest in favor of preserving life

and preventing the withdrawal oftreatment.

ConstitutionalRight tomake healthcaredecisions,

including theright to refusemedicaltreatment


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Physician-A

ssisted

Suicid

e


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Illegal Legal

Prohibit by law

39 States

Prohibit by commonlaw AL, DC, MA, and WV

Unclear on Legality NV, NC, UT, and WY

Montana*

Oregon Vermont

Washington

*via court ruling

Physician-Assisted Suicide


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Legal Legal

Montana

Oregon Vermont

Washington

Medical Marijuana

Alaska Arizona California

Colorado Connecticut District of Columbia Delaware Hawaii Maine Maryland

Massachusetts Michigan Montana Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico Rhode Island


24/50

Legal Legal

Montana

Oregon Vermont

Washington

Gay Marriage

California Connecticut

District of Columbia Delaware Iowa Maine Maryland

Massachusetts Minnesota New Hampshire New York Rhode Island


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Illegal Legal

Prohibit by legislation 39 States

Prohibit by commonlaw AL, DC, MA, and WV

Unclear on Legality NV, NC, UT, and WY

Montana*

Oregon Vermont

Washington

*via court ruling

Physician-Assisted Suicide


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Physician-Assisted Suicide Legal Breakdown

Aiding Suicide Criminal Homicide Manslaughter Manslaughter 2nd Degree Felony Felony Class C

Imprisonment 1-15 years

Fines $30k, 50k

Aiding attempted Suicide Imprisonment

1-7 years

Fines $14k

Mens Rea - Guilty Mind Purposefully Knowingly and willfully Intentionally Deliberately

Actus reus Guilty Act Causes Aids Prescribes Provides the means

Advises Encourages Advertises, offers or holds

himself out as offering Coerces Solicits!


27/50

Physician-Assisted Suicide Legal Breakdown

Aiding Suicide Manslaughter Manslaughter 2nd Degree Felony Felony Class C Imprisonment

1-15 years Fines

$30k, 50k

Aiding attempted Suicide Imprisonment

1-7 years Fines

$14k

Mens Rea - Guilty Mind Purposefully Knowingly and willfully Intentionally Deliberately

Actus reus Guilty Act Causes Aids Prescribes Provides the means

Advises Encourages Advertises, offers or holds

himself out as offering Coerces Solicits!


28/50

Requires any health care institution receiving Federalfunds (but not individual doctors) to do the following:

1. Give you at the time ofadmission a written summary of: your health care decision-making

rights. Different per state

the facility's policies with respect torecognizing advance directives.

2. Ask you if you have an advancedirective, and document that fact

in your medical record if you do. Patients responsibility to deliver copy

3. Educate their staff andcommunity about advance

directives.

4. Never discriminateagainst patients based on

whether or not they have

an advance directive. Thus, it is against the law forthem to require either that youhave or not have an advancedirective.

Patient Self-Determination Act


29/50

ROOTED IN CONTRACTLAW?AGENCY LAW?

Healthcare Directives, Living Willsand

The Power of Attorney


30/50

BTW

Is there a CoffeeMachine aroundhere?

This is Yale, right?

I know youve gotfancy coffee here.


31/50

BTW

Boom!


32/50

BTW

Weve got an Agency!


33/50

Elements of Agency Level of Strength

Weve got anAgency!

Assent

Benefit

Control

Simple Power of

Attorney-Ends upon incapacity

Durable Power ofAttorney-Survives incapacity-Ends upon death


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SEEKS TO PRECOMMIT

PHYSICIANS AND OTHERS TOCERTAIN BEHAVIOR, TO IMPOSE

ON THEM A RESPONSIBILITY TOTREAT ACCORDING TO AN

INDIVIDUALS PREVIOUSINSTRUCTIONS.

Advance Directives


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Types of Instruments Purpose

Instructional

Directives

Proxy Directives

Specifies either generally orvia examples how to betreated in an end-of-lifesituation.

Designates an agent to makehealth care decisions for the

patient.

Advance Directives? Issues?


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Types of Instruments Purpose

Instructional

Directives

Proxy Directives

Hybrid

Specifies either generally orvia examples how to betreated in an end-of-lifesituation.

Designates an agent to makehealth care decisions for the

patient.

Hybrid

Advance Directives

A G id i h E U
http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdf


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A Guide with an Easy-to-Use,Legal Form for All Adults
http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdfhttp://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/law_aging/2011/2011_aging_hcdec_univhcpaform_4_2012_v2.authcheckdam.pdf


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Please Turn Over (P.T.O.)


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Do Not Resuscitate (DNR.)


40/50

Do Not attemptResuscitation(DNAR)


41/50

The No Code? AND?


42/50

Color Codes Doctor Codes

Blue Patient needs resuscitation

Red Fire

Yellow Bomb Threat

Purple Child Abduction

Grey Combative person No Weapons

Silver Combative person Weapons

Triage S*** hit the fan!

Paging Doctor __X__.

StorkWoman in labor

Firestone/Pyro, third floor

Fire third floor

Strong/Armstrong

Combative person

Learn the Lingo - Hospital Codes

Hospital Association of Southern California suggestions, but personal to every hospital


43/50

Issues

Medical order writtenby a doctor

Instructing health careproviders not to do

cardiopulmonaryresuscitation (CPR) ifbreathing stops or ifthe heart stops beating.

Medical, not Legal Doctors note

Not like other directives Crossing state lines Inconsistent laws

Likelihood of good? Where are your papers?

Tattoos no good unless EMTs will likely save you.

Or at least treat othersymptoms

DNR Order

The Idea


44/50

Historically

Body not considered

property Not disposable by Will

Not owned bydescendant's estate or

by family Left within jurisdiction

of Church

Disposition of the Body


45/50

Today

Courts exercise abenevolent discretion to

carry out the wishes of thedeceased.

Provided these wishes do not

conflict reasonably with theliving.

If violent or suspicious death,law mandates an autopsy.

Disposition of the Body

Not likely going to get

Buried with yourbelongings?

Forbid Funeral services?

Extravagant send off?


46/50

P E R M I T S A N Y P E R S O N T O G I V E H E R B O D Y T O A N Y H O S P I T A L , P H Y S I C I A N , M E D I C A L S C H O O L , O R B O D Y B A N K

F O R R E S E A R C H O R T R A N S P L A N T A T I O N .

A L S O P E R M I T S A G I F T O F A B O D Y , O R P A R T S T H E R E O F .T O A N Y S P E C I F I E D I N D I V I D U A L F O R T H E R A P Y O R T R A N S P L A N T A T I O N N E E D E D B Y T H E I N D I V I D U A L

* D E S P I T E L E G I S L A T I O N , T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S H A S B E E N I N A C O N S I S T E N T S T A T E N E E D F O R T R A N S P L A N T S

Uniform Anatomical Gift Act of

1968


47/50

Fin.Comments, Concerns, Curses?


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PREMISE 1:MOST MEDICAL TREATMENTS

INVOLVE SOME RISK

Medical Malpractice and

Informed Consent


49/50

PREMISE 1:MOST MEDICAL TREATMENTS

INVOLVE SOME RISK

Medical Malpractice and

Informed Consent


50/50

self-determination in the law

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