self & perception in interpersonal communication (chap 3 & 4)
TRANSCRIPT
SELF & PERCEPTION IN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONElizabeth T. Santosa, M.Psi, Psi.
Ayoe Sutomo, M.Psi, Psi.
Self Concept
The way you see yourself Consist of your feelings and thoughts
about your strengths and weakness. Develop from:
Others images of you Social comparison Cultural teaching Your own interpretation & evaluation
Self Awareness Your insight into & knowledge about yourself. Understanding how your self concept develops in
one way to increase your self awareness.
Four selves (Johari Window)1.The Open self
All the information, behavior, attitudes, feelings, desires, motivation, and ideas that you and others know. Ex: name, skin color, sex, age, religion.
2. The Blind SelfRepresent all the things about yourself that others know but of which you’re ignorant. Ex: habit, distinct body odor,
Self Awareness -cont
3. The Hidden SelfAll that you know your self and of others that you keep secret. Over discloser = tell all Under discloser = tell nothing Selective discloser = keep certain things hidden and
disclose others; they make disclosures to some people and not to others
4. The Unknown SelfRepresent truths about yourself that neither you or others know.Revealed through temporary changes brought about special experimental condition, such as hypnosis.
Self Awareness -cont
Increasing Self Awareness: Ask about yourself Listen to others Actively seek information about yourself See your different selves Increase your open self
Self Esteem
The value you see yourselfEx:How much do you like yourself? How valuable a person do you think you are? How competent do you think you are?
Attack your self destructive believes:(The drive to be perfect; The drive to be strong; The drive to please; The drive to hurry up; The drive to try hard)
Secure affirmation :Ex: I am worthy person; I am responsible and can be dependent upon; I am capable of loving and being love; I deserved good things to happen to me; I can forgive myself for mistakes and missjudgement.
Self Esteem -cont
Seek out nourishing people Noxious: criticize and find fault with just about
everything Nourishing people: optimist, reward, make you
feel good about your self. Work on project that will result in success
Self Disclosure
Definition: Communicating information about yourself to another person.
It may information about: Your value, beliefs and desires Your behavior Your self qualities or characteristics
Verbally or nonverbally. Reason for self-disclose:
Catharsis To make yourself look good To help the listeners To maintain or repair a relationship
Self Disclosure -cont
Influence self disclosure: Who you are Your culture Your gender Your listeners Your topic and channel
Rewards of Self Disclosure Self knowledge Communication and relationship effectiveness Psychological health
Self Disclosure- cont
Dangers of self disclosure: Risks Ahead Personal risks Relational risks Professional risks
Guidelines for Self-Disclosure
Deciding wheter and how to self-disclose; responding to the disclosures of others; resisting pressures to self-disclosure
Please considers things below:1. Motivation for self-disclose2. Appropriateness of the self-disclose3. Disclosures of the other person4. Possible burdens self-disclosure might
entail5. Facilitating and responding to self-
disclosures
Guidelines for Self-Disclosure
Cont:6. Skills of effective and active listening7. Support and reinforce the discloser8. Be willing to reciprocate9. Keep the disclosures confidential10. Dont use the disclosures against the person11. Guidelines for resisting Self-Dislosure12. Dont be pushed13. Be assertive in your refusal to disclose14. Be indirect and move to another topic
Communication Apprehension
A state of fear or anxiety about communication interaction .
Trait apprehension : fear of communication generally
State apprehension: fear of communication in specific communication
Communication Apprehension -cont
Degree of evaluation Subordinate status Degree of conspicuousness Degree of unpredictability Degree of dissimilarity Prior successes and failures Lack of communication skill and
experience
Theories of communication Apprehension management
Cognitive restructuring Systematic desensitization Skill acquisition Prepare and practice Focus on success Familiarize yourself with the situation
Perception Definition: The process by which you become aware of
objects, events, and especially people through your senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing.
Active process Stages of perception:
1: StimulationSelective exposure: you expose yourself to people, messages, that will confirm your existing beliefs, contribute to your objects and prove satisfying in some way.
2: Organization Organization by rules Organization by schemata Organization by script
Perception -cont
3: Intrepretation – Evaluation 4: Memory 5: Recall
Perceptual Process
Self fulfilling prophecy (pygmalion effect) Prediction that came true because you act on it
as if it were true. Implicit Personality Theory
The system of rules that tells you which characteristics go with which other characteristics.
Hallo effect vs Reverse Hallo Perceptual accentuation Primacy – Regency Consistency
Attribution Attribution process Consensus: Similarity with Others Consistensy: Similarity in different situation Distinctiveness: Similarity in Different
Situation Controllability: Behavior Control
Attribution Errors Self serving bias Fundamental attribution error Overattribution
Increasing Accuracy in Interpresonal Perception
Analize perception Check perception1. Describe what you see or hear, recognizing
that description are not really objective but are heavily influenced by who you are, your emotional states, and so on.
2. Seek confirmation.
Reduce uncertainly Increace Cultiral Sensitivity
Today Assigment
Give example about your self concept, self awareness, and self esteem!
THE END