sem 3 group 5 co2 australia e learning - tan chee yang, cai wenjie, foo cheng wen, leonard tan, wong...

RecommendationsTargets and Issues AppendixSituation Analysis

Advancing SustainabilityAt Nanyang

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Seminar 3, Group 5: Tan Chee Yang, Cai Wenjie, Foo Cheng Wen, Leonard Tan, Wong Xin Yi, John


NTU’s Achievements in Sustainability

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Performance of campus buildings Green Mark Building Awards



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Energy Efficiency Initiatives

Reduce energy cost on campus by 10%




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Research & Development

Global Leader in Cleantech



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Research & Development

Global Leader in Cleantech




Education For students to understand

the importance of sustainability


Your long term target for NTU

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1. Reduce Energy Usage

2. Increase Energy Efficiency

3. Offset Carbon Emission


Your long term target for NTU

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Sources of Carbon Emission in NTU

Scope 1: Direct transportation

Scope 2: Energy Consumption

Scope 3: Communiting & Others


Impact on your stakeholders

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Stakeholders Interest

Students • Effectiveness of learning• Quality of education

NTU management • Reputation of NTU• Financial budget

NTU Researchers • Research funding• Lab facilities• Environmental impacts of research outcome

Government • Quality of education• Carbon emission of Singapore


Calculating NTU’s carbon footprint today

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Car usage by employees3,843,399 kg CO₂ / year

Car usage by students1,474,419 kg CO₂ / year

Shuttle buses33,322 kg CO₂ / year

5,351,140 kg CO₂ / year

Scope 1: Direct Transportation

http://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=obd2O_OasJOVhM&tbnid=6kAINx-NsulOEM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADgU&url=http://www.freegreatdesign.com/icon/classic-car-series-texture-png-icon-2889&ei=pYFmUpmyFoiGrQfzhoDoCg&psig=AFQjCNEaSOr9ptdcI5be0098dRPKTK4law&ust=1382535973484044

http://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=NNw0G0AjHjlf3M&tbnid=E1228C-z5TduKM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADinAQ&url=http://www.thearcoftexas.org/site/MessageViewer?em_id=6441.0&ei=YoRmUsubNcaOrge4yIGICQ&psig=AFQjCNGg9C4EvKohWU-fAOIQ6yBn560q-g&ust=1382536674983089

http://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0y9ObGRSG7rjqM&tbnid=DdAd8pmAtbo9GM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://www.softicons.com/free-icons/transport-icons/transport-icons-by-cem/travel-bus-icon&ei=7IRmUoSVDIilrQed6YCACQ&psig=AFQjCNH0M6FalvIGGkOaZDVOzit8UN-TJw&ust=1382536812312213



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NTU’s energy consumption in FY 2012 was 164 million kWh

(Source: ISCN GULF Charter Report)

Grid electricity is estimated to produce 0.44548 kg CO₂ / kWh

73,058,720kg CO₂ / year

Scope 2: Energy Consumption



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20,146,202kg CO₂ / year

Employee commuting4,885,356 kg CO₂ / year

Student commuting15,260,845 kg CO₂ / year

Scope 3: Commuting



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457,673kg CO₂ / year

Water usage236,060 kg CO₂ / year

Paper consumption221,613 kg CO₂ / year

Scope 3: Others



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Direct transportation5,351,140

kg CO₂ / year

Energy consumption73,058,720

kg CO₂ / year

Commuting & Others20,603,875

kg CO₂ / year

Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3

99,013,736 kg CO₂ / year


Overview of our recommendation

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99,013,736 kg CO₂ emitted by NTU annually

To become Carbon Neutral,

1. Minimise carbon mmission by reducing energy usage

2. Maximise energy efficiency

3. Offset carbon emissions through prechuase of carbon credits


• Increase e-learning to 3 weeks• Learn from home• Less commuting required

E-Learning

Step 1: Minimize Energy Usage

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Scope 1

• Reduce student by car emission by 25% from 1,474,419 to 1,105,815 (kgCO₂/year)

Scope 2

• Reduce CO₂ from electrical energy consumed for lighting by 4% from 73,058,720 to 70,282,489 (kgCO₂/year)

Scope 3

• Reduce CO₂ from paper consumption by 23% from 221,613 to 170,472 (kgCO₂/year)

• Reduce CO₂ from student commuting by public transport by 25% from 15,260,845 to 11,445,634 (kgCO₂/year)

http://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=RJx3jzFQc_twuM&tbnid=IaxBRdUtWQ3tyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photos-co2-car-emission-cloud-image8600923&ei=p8JpUuScOI7JrQfxnYCwAQ&bvm=bv.55123115,d.bmk&psig=AFQjCNHblmC6c4uwvyQJFDjgaHz0flb3oA&ust=1382749157254877


• Increase e-learning to 3 weeks• Learn from home• Less commuting required

• Free-of-charge bicycle hire • Means of transportation within NTU• Zero emissions

E-Learning

Step 1: Minimize Energy Usage

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Scope 1

• Reduce shuttle bus emission by 49% from 33,322 to 17,013 (kgCO2/year)

Bicycle-hire scheme

http://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0y9ObGRSG7rjqM&tbnid=DdAd8pmAtbo9GM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://www.softicons.com/free-icons/transport-icons/transport-icons-by-cem/travel-bus-icon&ei=7IRmUoSVDIilrQed6YCACQ&psig=AFQjCNH0M6FalvIGGkOaZDVOzit8UN-TJw&ust=1382536812312213


Step 2: Maximizing Efficiency

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Case Competitions

Research and Development

Innovation

• Generate creative new solutions through the young pool of talent.

• Promote environmental sustainability.

• Leverage on NTU’s strength in research to development new technologies in environment engineering.

• Long term solution to reduce carbon footprint.


Step 3: Offset Carbon Footprint

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Minimize Usage

Maximize Efficiency

Purchase carbon credits to offset the excess carbon footprint


Appendix (NTU’s current carbon footprint)

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Scope Emission Category Data formula, conversion and assumptionsCalculations (kgCO2/year)

Total (kgCO2/year)

1Direct transportation sources

Assume that staff and students are evenly distributed across Singapore and we take an average distance of 20km of commuting per individual;

Employee by car

*= no. of employees - no. of employees staying on campus * percentage(car) * distance * 2 way * working days in a year (260 days)* conversion rate (0.2049)Medium 1.4-2.0 litre petrol car 0.2049 kgCO2/km 3,843,399

Student by car

*= no. of students - no. of students staying hall * percentage(car) * distance * 2 way * academic days in a year (150 days) * conversion rate (0.2049)Medium 1.4-2.0 litre petrol car 0.2049 kgCO2/km 1,474,419

Shuttle bus

* = no. of routes (4) * no. of buses per route (2) * no. of trips per hour (3) * hours of operation a day (15) * distance for a full trip (4km) * number of operating days in a year(260) * conversion rate (0.089)Average bus 0.089 kgCO2/km 33,322

5,351,140



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Total (kgCO2/year)

2Energy consumed

Based on summary statistics from ISCN GULF Charter Report: NTU Energy consumption in FY 12 = 164 million kWh

Grid electricity 0.44548 kgCO2 per kWhSchools, stores, and businesses use about 38 percent of their electricity for lighting (http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/IntInfo/ConsI.pdf)

73,058,720

73,058,720

3Assume that staff and students are evenly distributed across Singapore and we take an average distance of 20km of commuting per individual;

Employee Commuting

Assume that 600 faculty apartments are fully occupied and only those not staying require commuting; assume that 30% of employees travel by cars*= no. of employees - no. of employees staying on campus * percentage(bus) * distance * 2 way * working days in a year (260 days)* conversion rate (0.111621) 4,885,356



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Total (kgCO2/year)

3Student Commuting

Assume that 9,000 vacancies in halls are fully occupied and only those not staying require commuting; assume that 5% of students travel by cars*= no. of students - no. of students staying hall * percentage(car/bus) * distance * 2 way * academic days in a year (150 days) * conversion rate

Average local bus 0.111621 kgCO2/pkm 15,260,845

Water usage

Based on summary statistics from ISCN GULF Charter Report: volume of water consumed in FY12 = 814,000m^3

Based on Water UK (2007) average company performance values, 0.29g of CO2 are emitted for every litre of water supplied 236,060

Paper consumption

*= no. of students * average no. of mods (5) * number of teaching weeks (13) * 2 semesters * average no. of pages of lecture/tutorial notes (10) * weight of an A4 paper (3.8g/pc) * conversion ratePaper 1.36 kg CO2/kg 221,613

20,603,875Grand Total 99,013,736


Appendix (Post recommendations)

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Total (kgCO2/year)

1Direct transportation sources

Assume that staff and students are evenly distributed across Singapore and we take anaverage distance of 20km of commuting per individual;

Employee by car

*= no. of employees - no. of employees staying on campus * percentage(car) * distance * 2 way * working days in a year (260 days)* conversion rate (0.2049)Medium 1.4-2.0 litre petrol car 0.2049 kgCO2/km 3,843,399

Student by car

*= no. of students - no. of students staying hall * percentage(car) * distance * 2 way * academic days in a year (0.75*150 days) * conversion rate (0.2049)Medium 1.4-2.0 litre petrol car 0.2049 kgCO2/km 1,105,815

Shuttle bus

* = no. of routes (4) * no. of buses per route (2) * no. of trips per hour (3) * hours of operation a day (0.9*15) * distance for a full trip (4km) * number of operating days in a year(260 - 112.5) * conversion rate (0.089)

Average bus 0.089 kgCO2/km 17,0134,966,227



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Total (kgCO2/year)

2Energy consumed

Based on summary statistics from ISCN GULF Charter Report: NTU Energy consumption in FY 12 = (164 -(0.9*0.38*164)) million kWh

Grid electricity 0.44548 kgCO2 per kWhSchools, stores, and businesses use about 38 percent of their electricity for lighting (http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/IntInfo/ConsI.pdf) 70,282,489

70,282,489

3Assume that staff and students are evenly distributed across Singapore and we take an average distance of 20km of commuting per individual;

Employee Commuting

Assume that 600 faculty apartments are fully occupied and only those not staying require commuting; assume that 30% of employees travel by cars*= no. of employees - no. of employees staying on campus * percentage(bus) * distance * 2 way * working days in a year (260 days)* conversion rate (0.111621) 4,885,356



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Total (kgCO2/year)

3Student Commuting

Assume that 9,000 vacancies in halls are fully occupied and only those not staying require commuting; assume that 5% of students travel by cars*= no. of students - no. of students staying hall * percentage(car/bus) * distance * 2 way * academic days in a year (0.75*150 days) * conversion rate

Average local bus 0.111621 kgCO2/pkm 11,445,634

Water usage

Based on summary statistics from ISCN GULF Charter Report: volume of water consumed in FY12 = 814,000m^3

Based on Water UK (2007) average company performance values, 0.29g of CO2 are emitted for every litre of water supplied 236,060

Paper consumption

*= no. of students * average no. of mods (5) * number of teaching weeks (10) * 2 semesters * average no. of pages of lecture/tutorial notes (10) * weight of an A4 paper (3.8g/pc) * conversion ratePaper 1.36 kg CO2/kg 170,472

16,737,522Grand Total 91,986,238


Executive Summary

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NTU has a strong focus on Sustainability and has become a member of the InternationalSustainable Campus Network (ISCN) in 2012. Our sustainability efforts include an integratedsustainability education, research, energy efficient buildings. However, we are only at the beginningof our long term goal of becoming a carbon neutral campus. While we strive to be carbon neutral,NTU also has to protect the interest of our stakeholders, such as our students, government and NTUofficials.

Despite our sustainability efforts, NTU currently emits 99,013,736kg of carbon dioxideannually. Our group has come up with a 3-prong strategy for NTU to become carbon neutral infuture.

Our recommendation for you to achieve this goal consist of 3 steps. First, to minimiseenergy usage in the school by having more e-learning weeks in a semester and implementing abicycle-hire service within the campus. This will reduce NTU’s carbon footprint as less commuting isrequired. Next, we will maximise the energy efficiency of the NTU campus. Tapping on the strengthof NTU’s researchers, innovation in research and development will lead to technology advancementwhich allows us to use energy more efficiently and thus reduce our carbon emission. The final step isto purchase carbon credits to offset the remaining of NTU’s carbon emissions.

With our strategy, NTU will remain as an Asian and global leader in sustainability researchand translational applications on campus.

Seminar 3, Group 5

Tan Chee Yang, Cai Wenjie, Foo Cheng Wen, Leonard Tan, Wong Xin Yi, John

sem 3 group 5 co2 australia e learning - tan chee yang, cai wenjie, foo cheng wen, leonard tan, wong...

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