semana4_development_filminas.pdf

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Latin merican Culture

Enrique Tams, Ph.D.


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The idea of development

After the Second World War the world was divided into two

ideological poles, one represented by the United States and

the other by the Soviet Union.

The tension between these two countries originated many

regional conflicts where one ideology intended to be

imposed on the other.

This period, known as the Cold

War

, determined the political

relations of other countries that

played the role of satellite states for

either one of the two great powers.


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Today, the main

concern of capitalism

is the industrializationof surrounding

regions in order to

form competitive

economic blocs.

The idea of global

integration surged as an

initiative to achieve

international

commercialization

without regional

protectionism.


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Examples of regional commerce and integration

The UruguayRound.

The General

Agreement onTariffs and

Trade.

The EconomicCommission

for LatinAmerica and

the Caribbean.

The Treaty ofManagua.

The Latin

American FreeTrade

Association.


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The idea of development

The reasons why Latin America has not achieved higherlevels of development:

Redistributionof wealth

Relationship

with theUnitedStates

Lack of

democraticmaturity

Lack of ruleof law

Lack ofeducation


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The late 1980s

The late 80s set a new opportunity for Latin America: social

stability was achieved thanks to the signing of treaties

between the government and the guerrillas, especially in

Central America; renegotiation of foreign debt and the end

of dictatorships that led to democratic processes.

Consequence:

the region became attractive for foreign

investment and capital flows.


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Negative consequences of development

The traffic from the countryside

to the cities began to increase

and this led to the deterioration

of agriculture and livestock;

over-population in urban centers

leading to social problems;

environmental pollution, both

soil and air; service delivery

problems; the emergence ofmassive slums; and high urban

unemployment.


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semana4_development_filminas.pdf

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