semantic wiki review
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Semantic Wiki
Review of Current Projects
April 2006
Source:
http://wiki.ontoworld.org/index.php/Semantic_Wiki_State_Of_The_Art
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Semantic Wiki Background
Semantic Wikis are an extension ofregular Wikis, where users can addsemantic annotations to Wiki pages.These annotations can help users findinformation and navigate through the
Wiki. For example, a Wiki with pagesabout various books could annotatethese pages with little pieces ofadditional data, such as "this book waswritten by John Irving", or "This bookwas published in 1995".
Annotations are typically written inRDF, although the user does not need
to know any RDF. Having suchsemantic annotations, the system canhelp users who want to see all booksby John Irving. It does not do a full-textsearch, but looks into theseannotations to get very accurate andrelevant results.
Personal Wikis are another extension
of regular Wikis, that actually do notprovide any collaborative functionality,
but instead focus on providing a single
user optimal usability.
Personal Wikis have become quite
popular recently, on many different
platform; see for example are Tomboy,
wikidPad, and VoodooPad. These
personal Wikis are very simple
applications and focus on some simple
usability features such as instant
autosave, backlinks, linkingautocomplete, and full-text search.
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Semantic Wiki Projects
COW
IkeWiki
KaukoluWiki
KawaWiki
KendraBase
Makna
OntoWiki
OpenRecord PlatypusWiki
POWL
Rhizome
Rise SemanticWikipedia
SeMediaWiki SemPerWiki
SemWiki
SweetWiki
Wekiwi WikiOnt
WikSAR
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COW
The semantic wiki COW is an attempt to
combine a text-based wiki with ontologies to
extend the wiki idea with semantics. It is aproject of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt
Freiburg, developed by Jochen Fischer, Zeno
Gantner, Steffen Rendle and Manuel Stritt
under supervision of Prof. Dr. Dr. LarsSchmidt-Thieme.
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IkeWiki
IkeWiki allows users to annotate pages and linksbetween pages with semantic annotations, that givemachines a certain amount of "understanding" of the
content that goes beyond merely displaying the page. Allows context-specific presentation of pages,
advanced querying, consistency verification ordrawing conclusions.
IkeWiki can make use of some of the knowledge
represented in RDFS and OWL schemas to displayenhanced navigation tools. E.g., a sample "biologyontology" automatically displays a taxonomy box forbiological objects.
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KaukoluWiki
KaukoluWiki is a Java-JSP-based Semantic Wiki thatmanages its data by using Semantic Web tools. MostUses methods of the Semantic Web to bridge the gap
between Semantics and the WWW. Creates webpages that semi-automatically include semanticinformation. Goal is automated integration ofknowledge and reasoning over this knowledge.
Kaukoluwiki is used as private wiki on the Gnowsis
Semantic Desktop. It integrates with other DesktopRDF databases and can be used as a personalwiki/weblogging tool. Pages created in the wiki cancontribute to the RDF data of the semantic desktop.
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KawaWiki
Semantic Wiki is a variant of WikiWikiWeb to
generate Semantic Web pages containing
RDF/OWL data. We propose a new SemanticWiki system called KawaWiki and show a
prototype. It utilizes three types of templates
to input values of RDF data elements, to
generate RDF data, and to format Wikipages.
Kensaku KAWAMOTO, Yasuhiko KITAMURA
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KendraBase
The KendraBase is a semantic wiki / database withauto form generation for data input and queries. Asimple content management system. Queries are
distributed and agent-like. KendraBase enables people to describe the world
how they wish to, using their own language andterminology, and to have these descriptionsunderstood by others that may not be able to directly
understand the original author's language andterminology. Interchange of ideas uses standardsthat are personal and dynamic. This way "meaning"is defined by usage (bottom up) rather than thedictate (top down) approach usually associated with
standards.
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Makna
Makna stands for "knowledge" in bahasa indonesia
("indonesian"). Combines the simplicity of the Wiki-
Way with the power of the semantic web while
keeping advantages from both technologies. Providean easy and user-friendly user interface and powerful
technologies in the background. The engine supports
RDFS and OWL ontologies and the reasoner can be
chosen as well. Assistants for searching predicatesand pages (on the Edit-Page), as well as for
formulating statements and queries "with the mouse
only."
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OntoWiki
Wiki technology used as an ontology developmentenvironment, reducing entry barriers for usersparticipating in the creation and maintenance of
ntologies, and describe our first OntoWiki prototype. Wikis as an ontology engineering workbench, in the
sense that anybody can add a new element to theontology, and refine or modify existing ones. Use ofmultimedia elements to improve the richness and
disambiguity of informal concept definitions in anontology. Definition of a concept is not separatedfrom the discussion that lead to shaping the intensionof this concept.
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OpenRecord
Wiki engine geared toward loosely-structured
database content. Web-based collaborative database
tool. OpenRecord could grow to incorporate simple
spreadsheet features, as well as interactive chartingand graphing features, and OLAP and pivot table
features.The OpenRecord design is inspired by wiki
software and sites like Wikipedia, as well as CMSs
like Zope/Plone and eZ publish. The OpenRecorddesign also draws on ideas from outliners like Lotus
Agenda and OmniOutliner, spreadsheets like Lotus
Improv, and newer work like Chandler and RDF.
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PlatypusWiki
Simple user interface to create wiki pages withmetadata based on W3C standards.It uses RDF(Resource Description Framework), RDF Schema
and OWL (Web Ontology Language) to createontologies and manage metadata.
Platypus Wiki can be used as a Personal KnowledgeManagement system, or to manage a Community ofPractice. We hope to make Platypus Wiki into an
amazingly useful tool for a Semantic Wiki Wiki Webcommunity. We'll set up a running installation assoon as possible to discuss the Semantic Wiki WikiWeb and these ideas.
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pOWL
Web based platform for collaborative
Semantic Web development. A framework for
parsing, storing, querying, manipulating,serving and serializing OWL knowledge
bases in a collaborative web enabled
environment for the most distributed web
application platform (LAMP Linux / Apache /MySQL / PHP) used as a foundation
framework for semantic web applications
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Rhizome
Rhizome is a Wiki-like content management
and delivery system that exposes the entiresite -- content, structure, and metadata as
editable RDF. This means that instead of
just creating a site with URLs that
correspond to a page of HTML, with
Rhizome you can create URLs thatrepresent just about anything, such as:
structural components of content (such
as a bullet point or a definition).
abstract entities that can be presented
in different ways depending on the
context.
relationships between entities or
content, such as annotations or
categories.
Rhizome is designed to enable non-
technical users to create these
representations in an easy, ad-hoc manner.
To this end, it includes a text formatting
language which similar to a Wiki's but lets
you author arbitrary XML content and RDF
metadata.
And for developers, this allows both contentand structure to be easily repurposed andcomplex web applications rapidly developed.
The long-term vision is that each Rhizomesite will intertwine together, forming anemergent fuzzy taxonomy over a peer-to-
peer network. The nearer-term goals of Rhizome are:
To allow (relatively) non-technical folkto create "Semantic web"-enabled websites.
To provide a platform for the rapid-development of web applications
To provide a test-bed forexperimenting with new forms of
collaborative knowledge productionand communication
A showcase and test-bed for itsunderlying technologies: Rx4RDF,ZML, and
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RISE
Wiki is the physical representation of the ontology with pages asconcepts and links as relations. The ontology used by the community isedited via the Wiki itself.
A set of naming conventions is used to determine automatically the
actual ontology from the Wiki content. For example, documenttemplates may start with DocType. This naming convention allows auser to add new document templates just by creating a new documentstarting with DocType (an alternative to this convention would be to usenamespaces). Since those templates contain a reference tothemselves, an instance of this template is automatically linked to thetemplate.
In addition, domain-ontology independent information like the documenttype or the date of creation is derived from the Wiki and included intothe ontology. These conventions and automatic determination of meta-data can be seen as an easily remindable, implicit meta-ontology.
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Semantic Wikipedia
Extension to be integrated in Wikipedia, that allows the typing oflinks between articles and the specification of typed data insidethe articles in an easy-to-use manner.
Enabling even casual users to participate in the creation of an
open semantic knowledge base, Wikipedia has the chance tobecome a resource of semantic statements, hitherto unknownregarding size, scope, openness, and internationalisation.These semantic enhancements bring to Wikipedia benefits oftoday's semantic technologies: more specific ways of searchingand browsing.
Also, the RDF export, that gives direct access to the formalisedknowledge, opens Wikipedia up to a wide range of externalapplications, that will be able to use it as a backgroundknowledge base. In this paper, we present the design,implementation, and possible uses of this extension.
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Semantic MediaWiki
Extensions of the MediaWiki software that allow for
simple, machine-based processing of Wiki content.
Objective is a single solution for semantic annotation
that fits the needs of most Wikimedia projects and
still meets the Wiki-specific requirements of usability
and performance.
While ad hoc implementations (i.e. "hacks") may
solve single problems, agreeing on common editingsyntax, underlying technology, exchange formats,
etc. bears huge advantages for all participants.
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SemPerWiki
Open-source semantic personal Wiki for Gnome.Usability of personal Wikis with the improved retrievaland querying of semantic Wikis.
Personal Wikis are simple applications that allow youto collect your information in a set of related notes.The system helps you to write your thoughts downinstantly, as it is always available and easy to use.
Semantic Wikis consist of pages that can be
annotated with semantic information. The system canthen help you find and retrieve relevant informationbetter (because it understands a bit better what eachpage is about).
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SemWiki
Personal knowledge management (finding,
reminding, collaboration, knowledge re-use and
cognitively adequate interfaces) based on a restful,
wiki-based, open architecture for semantic personalknowledge management.
Fulfills the analyzed re- quirements to a high extent
and gives the user a uniform way to work with
knowledge on all layers (syntax, structure, formalsemantics). We discuss architectural considerations
and describe two implementations.
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SweetWiki
Semantic wiki based on the CORESE engine. The
project started in september 2005, so we do not have
much to show yet. We support only wysiwyg edition
of pages and annotations, and use CORESE enginefor all operations : navigation, search, etc... the wiki
itself is really written around CORESE and RDF stuff,
it is not a "regular wiki" with some support for
annotations. More on sweetwiki later as the project is
really in active development.
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WikiOnt
WikiOnt aims at integrating Wikipedia (and by
extension other MediaWiki-based sites) into
the Semantic Web framework and makingWikipedia machine-processable and -
understandable.
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WikiSar
Common wiki applications lack possibilities tostructure the relationships between wiki pages. Thissemantic wiki prototype named SHAWN allows
modeling concepts and their relationships within awiki environment.
Goal is to keep concept creation very simple. Yet,entering relationship data instantaneously gratifiesthe user with enhanced navigational means on the
wiki. Engine supports simple semantic queries upon the
emergent model. A challenge is to accommodate aself-explaining query interface for these ontologies.