seminar: model-based software …...2014/10/16 · mechatronicuml design method – process and...
TRANSCRIPT
© Fraunhofer IPT / Heinz Nixdorf Institut Folie 1
Introduction – October 16, 2014
Dr. Claudia Priesterjahn – Group Manager Software Quality
SEMINAR: MODEL-BASED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING FOR INTELLIGENT TECHNCAL SYSTEMS
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OUTLINE
1. Basic Requirements
2. Preliminary Dates
3. Seminar Guidelines
4. Presentation of the Department
5. Presentation of the Topics
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Completion of a seminar thesis in English
20 pages written in LaTeX
We provided a template
Design and run a presentation
Presentation is 30 min, to be held in a block seminar
20 min for the contents
10 min for discussion
Reviews
Internal peer-review by students
also by supervisor
Basic Requirements
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Th, 16.10., 10:00 a.m.: Topic presentation
We, 22.10., 10:00 a.m.: Final topic assignment, introduction to scientific working
The following dates have their deadline 23:59 MEZ:
Su, 23.11.: Outline and literature references (student)
Su, 14.12.: Seminar thesis for review (student)
Tu, 16.12.: Assignment of peer reviews (supervisors)
Su, 21.12.: Completed peer-review (student)
Su, 18.01.: Presentation for supervisor feedback (student)
Su, 25.01.: Supervisor feedback: presentation (supervisors)
Su, 15.02.: Camera-ready version of thesis (student)
Su, 01.03.: Supervisor feedback: thesis (supervisors)
Su, 15.03.: Final hand-in of thesis (student)
Presentations (block seminar): 02.02.-06.02.2015
Preliminary Dates
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Wednesday, 22.10., 10:00 a.m. in ZM1.02-48
final topic assignment
presentation of seminar guidelines and rules
Participiation is mandatory
Topic Selection
Doodle poll (options yes, maybe, no)
We will try to minimize conflicts
Final conflict resolution is First-Come, First-Served
Poll will be opened today at 1 p.m. and will be closed Tuesday, October 21st at 4 p.m.
Seminar Guidelines
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OUTLINE
1. Basic Requirements
2. Preliminary Dates
3. Seminar Guidelines
4. Presentation of the Department
5. Presentation of the Topics
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Located in Paderborn, Germany
Started in March 2011
52 Research Associates
Product complexity
Effectiveness of development methods
Gap to be closed
t
Our Challenge:
Product Engineering: Discipline-spanning design of products and production systems (Systems Engineering), virtual prototyping & simulation, MID
Control Engineering: Modeling & simulation of mechatronic systems, controler design, HiL test beds and prototypes
Software Engineering: Processes, methods, and tools for development and quality assurance of embedded software
Our Competencies:
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Self-Optimization
Swarm Intelligence
Industrie 4.0
Cyber-Physical Systems
The Path to Modern Technical Systems of Tomorrow
Mechanics Mechatronics Intelligent Systems
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Self-Optimization
Swarm Intelligence
Industrie 4.0
Cyber-Physical Systems
The Path to Modern Technical Systems of Tomorrow
Mechanics Mechatronics Intelligent Systems
Product Complexity
Capabilities of Current Design Methods
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High tech strategy of the German federal government
Competition between areas for research and technology competence
Leading Edge Cluster Competition
Solarvalley
Mitteldeutschland
BioEconomy Cluster
Cool Silicon
Medical Valley EMN
Münchner Biotech
Cluster m4
Elektromobilität Südwest MicroTec Südwest
Forum Organic
Electronics
Biotech-Cluster Rhein-
Neckar BioRN
Cluster individualisierte
Immunintervention CI3
Software Cluster
Luftfahrtcluster
Hamburg
Intelligente Technische
Systeme (it´s OWL)
MAI Carbon
Effizienz Cluster
Logistik Ruhr
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Intelligent Technical Systems
… interact with the environment and adapt
autonomously (adaptive)
… cope with unexpected situtations in a highly
dynamic environment (robust)
… use knowledge from experience to predict
future system states and effects from
external impacts (predictive),
… take into account specific user behavior
(user-friendly).
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Basic Structure of a Mechatronic System
VDI-RICHTLINE 2206
sensors actuators
basic system
human
power supply
human-machine- interface
key
information flow
internal unit
communication system
communication system
environment
material flow energy flow
external unit
Informations- verarbeitung information processing
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From Machenics to Networks of Intelligent Systems (Cyber-Physical Systems)
sensors actuators
basic system
human
power supply
human-machine- interface
key
information flow
internal unit
communication system
communication system
environment
material flow energy flow
external unit
Informations- verarbeitung information processing
Communication system
Network Information Processing
Non Cognitive Control
Associative Control
Cognitive Control
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OUTLINE
1. Basic Requirements
2. Preliminary Dates
3. Seminar Guidelines
4. Presentation of the Department
5. Presentation of the Topics
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Data Exchange in Industrial Automation Supervisor: Anas Anis
Problem:
Exchange standards: PLCopen, AutomationML, MTConnect
How do they match/differ? Interrelations?
Benefits :
Knowledge of data exchange standards
Intelligent Networking: consistent data => intelligent reaction
Your Task:
Identify the characteristics of each standard.
Literature:
PLCopen & OPC Foundation, ”OPC UA Information Model for IEC 61131-3 1.00 Companion
Specification”, 2010.
AutomationML, c., Whitepaper AutomationML Part I - AutomationML Architecture, 2013
Vijayaraghavan, A., Sobel, W., Fox, A., Dornfeld, D., & Warndorf, P. (2008). Improving machine tool
interoperability using standardized interface protocols: MT connect. Laboratory for Manufacturing
and Sustainability.
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Distributed Control Synthesis Supervisor: Christian Brenner
Automatic Synthesis of Distributed Controllers
Input: Distributed system, modeled by petri nets
Output: Controller automata which ensure that global constraints are fulfilled (e.g. priorities of transitions)
Goals:
Give overview of the approach
Identify assumptions and limitations
Literature:
Doron Peled and Sven Schewe. Distributed Control
Synthesis. Howard-60. A Festschrift on the Occasion
of Howard Barringer’s 60th Birthday, pages 271-288, 2014.
global constraint:
a « d and b « c
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Modern software systems: complex artifacts, deployed in dynamic context
Requirements change continuously
Requirements traceability is necessary to establish and maintain consistency between software artifacts
Approach: automatic generation and validation of traces between requirements and architecture
Task: Presentation of approach
A. Goknil, I. Kurtev, K. Van Den Berg. Generation and validation of traces between requirements and architecture based on formal trace semantics. In Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 88, pages 112-137, Elsevier, New York, USA, 2014.
Generation and validation of traces between requirements and architecture based on formal trace semantics Supervisor: Thorsten Koch Requirements Metamodel
RequirementsModel
Requirement
Trace Metamodel
Architecture Metamodel
TraceModel
Trace
Satisfies AllocatedTo
ArchitectureModel
ArchitecturalElement
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Wrong decision making: economic losses
PMP advantages in: quality, safety, availability and cost reduction
FA and AHP used to construct the model
Approach: model that supports decision making in relation to the selection of diagnostic techniques and instrumentation in PMP
Task: Presentation of proposed model
M. C. Caraneo. Selection of diagnostic techniques and instrumentation in predictive maintenance program. In Decision Support System Journal, Volume 38, Issue 4, January 2005, Pages 539–555.
Selection of Diagnostic Techniques and Instrumentation in a Predictive Maintenance Program (PMP) Supervisor: Faruk Pasic
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Base of each development project: Requirements specifications
ITS consist of software, electronics, mechanics
Development phases
Systems Engineering: Interdisciplinary design of overall system
Software Engineering: Design of software part
Multiple requirements analys is phases for systems and software engineering
Correct refinement of requirements specifications also covering real-time aspects?
Goal: Describe concepts of model checker UPPAAL ECDAR w.r.t. refinement checking
Literature: A. David et al. (2013): Real-time specifications .
In: International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, S. 1–29. DOI: 10.1007/s10009-013-0286-x.
Correct Refinement of Real-time Specifications Supervisor: Jörg Holtmann
System Requirements Analysis
System Architecture Design
Hardware Requirements Analysis
Software Requirements Analysis
cmp Presentation_ICSE
Car
ECU 1
Software
Hardware
*
1
Software Integration Test
Hardware Construction
Module Test Software Construction
Software Design
Hardware Design
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Real-Time Systems are safety-critical exhaustive verification requires, e.g., model checking
Problem: size of the model leads to state-space explosion
Solution Approaches: ECDAR and MechatronicUML enable a compositional verification
Both use the Uppaal Model Checker
Your tasks:
Assess ECDAR’s capabilities
Model and analyze a new example in the context of overtaking cars
Compare it briefly with MechatronicUML
Literature:
Becker et al.: The MechatronicUML Design Method – Process and Language for Platform Idependent Modeling (2014); http://www.mechatronicuml.org
Compositional Verification of Real-Time Systems Using Ecdar. Alexandre David et al. Intern.Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, pages 703-720, volume 6, 2012. DOI: 10.1007/s10009-012-0237-y. http://people.cs.aau.dk/~adavid/ecdar/
Compositional Verification of Real-Time Systems Using ECDAR and MechatronicUML Supervisor: Stefan Dziwok
vs.
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Modern software: highly dynamic environment, often unpredictable
May degrade quality of service
Consequently, systems adapt their behavior
Adaptation influences other quality attributes as availability, performance or cost
Approach: find tradeoff between adaptability and quality of service
Task: Presentation of approach + related work
D. Perez-Palacin, R. Mirandola, J. Merseguer. On the relationships between QoS and software adaptability at the architectural level. In Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 87, pages 1-17, Elsevier, New York, USA, 2014.
Relationships between QoS and Software Adaptability Supervisor: Claudia Priesterjahn
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Buffer / QoS requirements are often not considered when transferring messages
Problem:
Which are (important) Buffer/ QoS requirements?
How to ensure them?
Your Task:
Conduct Literature Review and Compare the Features with MechatronicUML Buffer and QoS Assumptions
Literatur:
[1] BECKER, STEFFEN ; DZIWOK, STEFAN ; GERKING, CHRISTOPHER ; HEINZEMANN, CHRISTIAN ; THIELE, SEBASTIAN ; SCHÄFER, WILHELM: The MechatronicUML Design Method – Process and Language for Platform Idependent Modeling (2014)
[2] ERREZ, J JAVIER GUTI: A Survey on Standards for Real-Time Distribution Middleware vol. 46 (2014), Nr. 4, pp. 1–39
Survey: Real-Time Distribution Middleware Supervisor: Uwe Pohlmann
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Allocation of mechatronic software components are constrained
Safety requirements must be fulfilled by an allocation
Problem:
Which constraints / requirements must be fulfilled?
Which are (good) optimization objectives?
How to optimize objectives and fulfill all constraints?
Your Task:
Conduct Literature Review for safe allocation optimization methods
Survey: Safe Allocation Optimization Methods Supervisor: Uwe Pohlmann
Literatur:
[1]ALETI, ALDEIDA ; BUHNOVA, BARBORA ; GRUNSKE, LARS ; KOZIOLEK, ANNE ; MEEDENIYA, INDIKA: Software Architecture Optimization Methods: A Systematic Literature Review. In: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering vol. 39 (2013), Nr. 5, pp. 658–683
distance : SonicSensor
driver:Driver
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Model-driven Engineering in Automation Supervisor: Jens Frieben
Due to the rising complexity of software, model-driven techniques become more an more attractive, even for the conservative automation domain
Goal of the seminar: read and give an comprehensive overview
of the SysML-based modelling technique
Vogel-Heuser, Birgit; Schütz, Daniel; Frank, Timo; Legat, Christoph: Model-driven engineering of Manufacturing Automation
Software Projects – A SysML-based approach. Mechatronics, 2014
Vogel-Heuser, Birgit; Folmer, Jens; Legat, Christoph: SysML Model of the Pick and Place Unit for Papyrus UML: Scenario Sc11. ,
Hrsg.: Institute of Automation and Information Systems: Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universität
München, 2014,
Feldmann, Stefan; Kernschmidt, Konstantin; Vogel-Heuser, Birgit: Combining a SysML-based modeling approach and semantic
technologies for analyzing change influences in manufacturing plant models. CIRP CMS, 2014
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Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit
Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik Projektgruppe Entwurfstechnik Mechatronik
Zukunftsmeile 1 33102 Paderborn
Telefon: +49 5251 5456-101 Fax: +49 5251 5465-102
[email protected] www.ipt.fraunhofer.de/mechatronik