OPERATING SYSTEM

YESHWANTRAO CHAVAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGPUR

DEPT. OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY:DHIRAJ P. NINAVE

ROLL NO. 12

Dhiraj Ninave

INDEX

• Introduction.

• History of Android.

• Android Architecture.

• Android Features.

• Development Tools.

• Real Time Application.

• Advantages & Disadvantages

• Conclusion and Future Scope

• References.

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INTRODUCTION

• A Software platform and Operating System

for Mobile Devices.

• Full phone software stack including

applications.

• Based on the Linux operating system.

• Developed by Google and the Open Handset

Alliance.

• An open platform for developers, users &

industry.

• 100 % pure Java code.

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HISTORY

• July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc., a

small startup company.

• Started as a mobile software development

company.

• Developed a Linux-based mobile device OS.

• On 5 November 2007, the Open Handset

Alliance founded.

• First product Android as open source mobile

device platform.Dhiraj Ninave

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Open Handset Alliance

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Android Architecture

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Linux Kernel

• Android Architecture is based on Linux 2.6 kernel

• Works as a HAL• Security and Process management.• Memory management.

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Libraries

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• Set of native libraries written in C/C++.• Interface through Java.• Surface manager – Handling UI Windows.• 2D and 3D graphics.• SQLite – Light Weight Database.

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Android Runtime

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• Dalvik VM• Dex files• Compact and efficient than class files• Limited memory and battery power

• Core Libraries• Java 5 Std. edition• Collections, I/O etc…

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Application Framework

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• Contents ProviderEnable applications access data from other

applications sharing.

• Notification ManagerEnables all applications to display alerts in the status

bar.

• Activity ManagerManages the lifecycle of applications.

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Applications

• Built in and User Applications.

• Can Replace Built in Applications

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Android Features

SOFTWARE FEATURES

• Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit

engine.

• SQLite for relational data storage.

• Media support for common audio, video, and still

image formats.

• (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF).

• Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices.Dhiraj Ninave

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Android Features

HARDWARE FEATURES

• Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G (hardware

dependent)

• LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent)

• Graphics Hardware Acceleration

• Camera, GPS and Compass (hardware dependent)

• Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing.

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Development Tools

• Eclipse IDE.

• Android SDK.

• Android Emulator.

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Android Building Blocks

• Activity -

User Interface Component.

• Intent Receiver -

Wakes up predefined Action.

• Service -

A task – done in background.

• Content Provider -

Sharing data with other processes

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Android Version Released :

Version Code name Release date API levelDistribution

(December 3, 2012)

4.2 Jelly Bean November 13, 2012 17 1.2%

4.1.x Jelly Bean July 9, 2012 16 9.0%

4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich December 16, 2011 15 29.1%

3.2 Honeycomb July 15, 2011 13 1.1%

3.1 Honeycomb May 10, 2011 12 0.4%

2.3.3–2.3.7 Gingerbread February 9, 2011 10 47.4%

2.3–2.3.2 Gingerbread December 6, 2010 9 0.2%

2.2 Froyo May 20, 2010 8 9.0%

2.0–2.1 Éclair October 26, 2009 7 2.4%

1.6 Donut September 15, 2009 4 0.2%

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Real Time Application

• Android@Home

• Google Translate.

• Sony Smart Watch.

• Google TV.

• Galaxy Cameras etc.Dhiraj Ninave

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Advantages

Open-

Versions Upgrades-

All applications are equal-

Breaking down boundaries-

Fast and easy development-

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Disadvantages

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Security – Making source code available to everyone inevitably

invites the attention of black hat hackers. Open Source –

Anyone can scrutinize the source code to find vulnerabilities and write exploits.Login –

Platform doesn't run on an encrypted file system and has a vulnerable log-in. Incompetence –

Google’s dependence on hardware and carrier partners puts the final product out of their control.

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Future Scope

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Conclusion

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• The community that Android has provided efficiently collects like minded people on one platform and gives them proper channels to express themselves and provides them with all the necessary help and guidance.

• With the expansion of Android, the community based on it would also expand and this would certainly be useful for people lacking resources since the aim of the open source community is to bring forward those people who have talent but lack the resource to showcase that talent. 

• It is still Beta.

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References

Dhiraj Ninave

http://www.android.com - Android Official Webpage

http://code.google.com/android/ - Official Android Google Code Webpage

http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/ - Open Handset Alliance Webpage

http://www.androidwiki.com – Android Wiki

http://googleblog.blogspot.com/ - Official Google Blog

Questions ?WWW.GOOGLE .COM

:p

Thanks