Seminars @ Knowledge-based Systems Group 184/3

WS 2016/17

Seminar Topic Assignment

Institut fur InformationssystemeArbeitsbereich Wissensbasierte Systeme

www.kr.tuwien.ac.at

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Seminar Topics

Seminars:ä Seminar in Theoretical Computer Scienceä Seminar in Artificial Intelligenceä Seminar in Logicä Seminar in Knowledge Representation and Reasoningä Seminar in Cryptography

Topics for master seminars:ä Quantum Logic (Tompits)ä Axiomatic Set Theory (Tompits)ä Cognitive Psychology and its Implications (Tompits)ä History of Logic (Tompits, Eiter)ä Data and Knowledge Processing (Eiter)ä Artificial Intelligence (Eiter)ä Cryptography (Egly)ä QBF Solvers (Egly)ä Proof theory of QBFs (Egly)ä The Rise of the Robots (Egly) 1/14

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Quantum Logic

ä Miklos Redei: Quantum Logic in Algebraic Approach, Springer, 1998

ä From the Contents:

1. Observables and states in the Hilbert space formalism ofquantum mechanics

2. Lattice theoretic notions

3. Hilbert lattice

4. Physical theory in semantic approach

5. Von Neumann lattices

6. The Birkhoff-von Neumann concept of quantum logic

7. Quantum conditional and quantum conditional probability

8. The problem of hidden variables

9. Lattice theoretic notions

10. Independence in quantum logic

2/14

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Axiomatic Set Theory

ä Patrick Suppes: Axiomatic Set Theory, Van Nostrand, 1960

ä From the Contents:

1. Introduction & General Developments

2. Relations and Functions

3. Equipollence, Finite Sets, And Cardinal Numbers

4. Finite Ordinals and Denumberable Sets

5. Rational Numbers and Real Numbers

6. Transfinite Induction and Ordinal Arithmetic

7. The Axiom of Choice

3/14

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Cognitive Psychology and its Implications

ä John R. Anderson: Cognitive Psychology and its Implications,Seventh Edition, 2009

ä From the Contents:

1. Perception2. Attention and Performance3. Mental Imagery4. Representation of Knowledge5. Human Memory6. Problem Solving7. Expertise8. Reasoning9. Judgement and Decision Making

10. Language Structure11. Language Comprehension12. Individual Differences in Cognition

4/14

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History of Logic

ä Special focus on works concerning modal logics.

ä Topics:

1. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716): Works about modallogic

2. Charles Sanders Peirce (1839 - 1914): Modal Existential Graphs3. Clarence Irving Lewis (1883 - 1964):

– A Survey of Symbolic Logic. Berkeley 1918.

– Lewis, Langford: Symbolic Logic, 1932 (corr. reprint1959).

4. Rudolf Carnap (1891 - 1970): Meaning and Necessity: A Studyin Semantics and Modal Logic, 1947

5. Saul Aaron Kripke (* 1940):

– A Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic, 1959,

– Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic I: Normal ModalPropositional Calculi, 1963.

5/14

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History of Logic (II)

ä Logicomix

6/14

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History of Logic (II)

ä Godel and Carnap in Vienna, Tarski in Vienna

7/14

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Data and Knowledge Processing

Reasoning on Streaming Data

ä stream query languages (CQEL, csparql, LARS, etalis,. . . )

ä complex event processing

ä nonmonotonic stream reasoning

ä benchmarking

Workshops on Stream Reasoning:

ä TU Vienna, Nov 9-10, 2015,

ä ISWC/Kobe, Oct 17, 2016

ä TU Berlin Dec 8, 2016

Theory, systems, applications

8/14

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Data and Knowledge Processing

ä Answer Set Programming (ASP): Extensions, Applications, Systems

AI Magazine, special issue on ASP at AI Magazine (articles available)

ä ASP with external source access: repositories, constraint solvers, SMTsolver, description logic reasoners, planners, . . .

• dlvhex system, http://www.kr.tuwien.ac.at/research/systems/dlvhex/

triple(X ,Y ,Z)← url(File),&rdf [File](X ,Y ,Z). // import RDF triples

• clingo, clingcon http://potassco.sourceforge.net/

9/14

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Data and Knowledge Processing

ä epistemic ASPinnocent(John) ∨ guilty(John)innocent(X )← ¬K guilty(X )

Kφ . . . φ is true in all answer sets

ä Combining Machine Learning with Knowledge Representation andReasoning

• neural networks with external memory• collective classification with semantic constraints

10/14

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Artificial Intelligence

ä Beyond the Turing Testhttp://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/aimagazine/issue/view/213/showToc

new tests for intelligent question answering using common sense

• Allen AI Science Challengehttps://www.kaggle.com/c/the-allen-ai-science-challenge

• Winograd Schema Challengehttp://commonsensereasoning.org/winograd.html

ä Systems: IBM’s Watson and follow ups

11/14

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QBF solvers

ä QBF solving more and more important for practical application(e.g., synthesis)

ä What QBF solvers are available, what is their performance?

ä Papers

• Janota, Marques-Silva: Solving QBF by clause selection, IJCAI2015• Rabe, Tentrup: CAQE: A certifing QBF solver, FMCAD 2015• Tu et al.: QELL: QBF reasoning with extended clause learning

and levelized SAT solving, SAT 2015.

12/14

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Proof theory of QBFs

ä QBF solving more and more important for practical application(e.g., synthesis)

ä Many calculi for QBFs available: Res, LK, expansion-based, . . .

ä How do these sustems compare to each other wrt the ability toobtain short proofs?

ä Papers

• Beyersdorfff et al.: Proof complexity of resolution-baded QBFcalculi, STACS 2015.• Beyersdorfff et al.: Feasible Interpolation for QBF Resolution

Calculi, ICALP 2015.• Beyersdorfff et al.: On unification of QBF resolution-based

calculi, MFCS 2014.

13/14

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Rise of the Robots

ä Martin Ford: Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of aJobless Future, Basic Books, 2015 (paperback 2016)

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