senegal history and culture prof. mohamed mbodj, ph.d
TRANSCRIPT
SENEGALHISTORY
AND CULTUREProf. Mohamed Mbodj, Ph.D.
CONTENTS
❖ ANCIENT HISTORY
❖ MODERN HISTORY
❖ PRESENT TIMES
❖ MAIN ETHNIC GROUPS
❖ MAIN RELIGIONS
❖ CULTURE
ANCIENT HISTORY❖ 150,000 YEARS
❖ DESICCATION OF THE SAHARA (4,500-5,500 YEARS AGO)
❖ GHANA / WAGADU (SONINKE - 4TH C.)
ON THE UPPER SENEGAL RIVER
❖ ISLAM – LATE 8TH C.
❖ TAKRUR (FULANI – MUSLIM) IN THE 11TH C.
❖ JOLOF EMPIRE – 11TH C.-16TH C.
❖ MALI EMPIRE – 13TH C-15TH C.
Megalith circles
MODERN HISTORY❖ 1444 – PORTUGAL
❖ EUROPEAN COMPETITION – 1500s
❖ SLAVE TRADE
❖ DISLOCATION OF JOLOF
❖ SENEGAMBIAN STATES COMPETITION
❖ EURO-AFRICANS: SIGNARES
❖ FRENCH AND BRITISH RIVALRY
❖ FRENCH HEGEMONY OVERALL
Goree
❖ http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=MAP+goree+island&sll=14.497401,-14.452362&sspn=5.539448,9.84375&gl=us&g=SENEGAL&ie=UTF8&ll=14.667982,-17.398932&spn=0.005408,0.009613&t=h&z=17
Signare
❖ END OF THE SLAVE TRADE
❖ END OF SLAVERY
❖ START OF CASH CROP ECONOMY
❖ MUSLIM REVOLUTIONS
❖ MUSLIM RESISTANCE
❖ THE SUFI ORDERS
❖ FRENCH VICTORY & ACCOMMODATION
❖ SENEGAL: FRENCH BEACHEAD IN AFRICA
❖ CHRISTIANISM
Shaykh Ahmadu BambaFounder of Muridiyyah
FRENCH COLONIALISM
❖ THE 4 COMMUNES (GOREE-SAINT LOUIS-RUFISQUE-DAKAR)
❖ THE DEMOCRATIC TRADITION
❖ THE PROTECTORATE
❖ GROUNDNUT AND ISLAM
❖ THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SENEGALESE POLITICS
Saint Louis
POST INDEPENDENCETHE SENGHOR ERA: 1960-
1980❖ THE MARABOUTS’ DOMINATION
❖ BENEVOLENT PATERNALISM
❖ AFRICAN SOCIALISM
❖ TYRANNY OF GROUNDNUT
❖ FRENCH “COOPERATION”
❖ CULTURE & POLITICS: NEGRITUDE
THE DIOUF ERA: 1981-2000❖ A CRISIS OF LEGITIMACY
❖ THE GROUNDNUT CRISIS
❖ THE FAILURE OF A STATE LED ECONOMY
❖ STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTS
❖ CHALLENGES TO THE MARABOUTS
❖ THE CASAMANCE CRISIS: 1983
❖ OPEN DEMOCRACY
❖ SENEGAMBIA CONFEDERATION: 1982-1989
❖ SOCIAL UNREST IN THE CITIES
❖ THE IMPLOSION OF THE PS
THE WADE ERA: 2000-2009❖ ECCLECTIC PDS ALLIANCE:DISSIDENTS
YOUNG,URBAN,STUDENTS,MURID,LEFT
❖ LIBERAL ECONOMICS AND SOCIALIST HERITAGE
❖ NEPAD, INFRASTRUCTURES, GOANA (Grande Offensive Agricole Nourriture Abondance)
❖ VAGARIES OF COALITION POLITICS
❖ WEAKENING OF MARABOUTS POWER?
❖ THE SUCCESSION: RUMOURS, AMBITIONS, INTRIGUES, POPULISM, & CORRUPTION
❖ WHAT’S IN STORE?
❖ http://maps.google.com/maps?q=MAP+SENEGAL&oe=UTF-8&ie=UTF8&split=0&gl=us&ei=7Sn9Sdm2DZ6Mtgfk3umiDQ&z=7
MAIN ETHNIC GROUPS
❖ Wolof
❖ Hal Pularen: Tukuler – Peul/Fulani
❖ Seerer
❖ Mandinka
❖ Joola
❖ Others
MAIN RELIGIONS❖ Christians: Catholics - Protestants
❖ Muslims: Sufism – Brotherhoods
Tijanniyya
Muridiyya
Qadiriyya
Others
❖ Others: ?
CULTURE❖ Family structure & life
❖ Education: traditional & modern
❖ Entertainment
❖ Cinematography: Ousmane Sembene
❖ Sculpture: Ousmane Sow
❖ Music: Youssou Ndour
❖ Sports:wrestling-soccer-basketball-checkers
Mohamed Ndao Tyson
Ousmane Sow: Mother and Child Victor Hugo
Akon